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Дискурсивно-стилистический анализ английской письменной научной речи. Учебное пособие

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5.Does each body paragraph contain specific contain specific and concrete support for its main idea? Do the details provide examples, reasons, facts?

6.Are your facts, figures, and dates accurate?

7.Is each body paragraph arranged logically?

8.Does the conclusion give your reader a sense of completion?

9.Have you cut any material that goes off the topic?

10.Have you used necessary transition?

11.Dotheparagraphsmaintaincoherencewithpronouns,selective repetition, parallel structure?

12.Do you show relationships between paragraphs?

Sentence

1.Are your sentences concise?

2.Have you eliminated sentence fragments?

3.Have you eliminated confusing shifts?

4.Have you eliminated mixed sentences?

5.Have you eliminated incomplete sentences?

6.Do your sentences express clear relationships among ideas?

7.Do you use coordination correctly?

8.Do you use subordination correctly?

9.Do you use parallelism as needed to help your sentences deliver their meaning?

10.Do your sentences vary in length?

Words

1.Have you used exact words?

2.Does your word choice reflect your intentions in denotation and connotation?

3.Is your style formal enough?

71

References

1.Akmajian A., Demers R. e al. Linguistics: an Introduction to Language and Communication. The MIT Press, 2010. – 604 p.

2.Bailey S. Academic Writing: a Handbook for International Students. London: Routledge, 2015. – 283 p.

3.CoxheadA.ANewAcademic Word List // TESOL Quaterly 34 (2) (2000). – pp. 213–238.

4.Essay Bank of Department of English Language and Linguistics (University of Birmingham). https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/schools/ edacs/departments/englishlanguage/research/resources/essays/index. aspx

5.Frankenberg-Garcia A. Investigating the Collocations Available to EAP Writers // Journal of English for Academic Purposes 35 (2018). – pp. 93–104.

6.Glasman-Deal H. Science research writing for non-native speakers of English. London: Imperial College Press, 2010. – 257 p.

7.Hyland K. Teaching and Researching Writing. Harlow: Long- man-Pearson, 2009. – 281 p.

8.Kawase T. Metadiscourse in the Introductions of PhD Theses and Research Articles // Journal of English for Academic Purposes 20 (2015). Pp. 114–124.

9.Macpherson R. Advanced Written English. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 2004. – 103 p.

10.Malmfors B., Garnsworthy Ph. Et al. Writing and Presenting Scientific Papers. Nottingham: Nottinghan University Press, 2009. – 152 p.

11.Master P. English Grammar and Technical Writing. Washington: Office of English Language Programs, 2004. – 268 p.

12.Purdue Writing Lab. https://owl.purdue.edu/writinglab/the_writing_ lab_at_purdue.html

13.Skern T. Writing Scientific English: AWorkbook. Wien: Facultas Verlags / und BuchhandelsAG, 2009. – 191 p.

14.Swales J. M., Feak Ch. B. Academic Writing for Graduate Students, 3rd Edition: Essential Skills and Tasks. Michigan ELT, 2012. – 421 p.

15.Wallwork A. English for Academic Research: Writing Exercises. New York: Springer, 2013. – 199 p.

72

16.Wallwork A. English for Academic Writing Research: Grammar Exercises. New York: Springer, 2016. – 172 p.

17.Wallwork A. English for Research: Usage, Style and Grammar. New York: Springer, 2013. – 254 p.

18.Yakhontova T. V. English Academic Writing for Students and Researchers. Lvov, 2003. – 220 p.

73

AppendixA.Academic Word List

The following is a list of the words from the Academic Word List that are highlighted in this dictionary. Words shown in bold are one of the “parent words”.

abandon 1 v

accommodation n

adaptation n

aggregate 2 adj

abandoned adj

accompaniment n

adequate adj

aggregate 3 v

abnormal adj

accompany v

adjacent adj

aid 1 n

abstract 1 adj

accumulate v

adjust v

aid 2 v

abstract 2 n

accuracy n

adjustment n

albeit conj

abstract 3 v

accurate adj

administration n

allocate v

abstraction n

achieve v

administrative adj

allocation n

academic1 adj

achievement n

adult 1 n

alter v

academic 2 n

acknowledge v

adult 2 adj

alteration n

academy n

acknowledgement n

advocacy n

alternate 1 adj

access 1 n

acquire v

advocate 1 v

alternate 2 v

access 2 v

acquisition n

advocate 2 n

alternative 1 adj

accessible adj

adapt v

affect v

alternative 2 n

accommodate v

adaptable adj

aggregate 1 n

ambiguity n

ambiguous adj

assistance n

bond 1 n

clause n

amend v

assume v

bond 2 v

code 1 n

amendment n

assuming conj

brevity n

code 2 v

analogous adj

assumption n

brief 1 adj

coded adj

analogy n

assurance n

brief 2 n

coding n

analyse v

assure v

brief 3 v

coherence n

analysis n

attach v

briefing n

coherent adj

analyst n

attachment n

briefly adv

coincide v

analytical adj

attain v

bulk 1 n

coincidence n

analyze v

attainment n

bulky adj

coincident adj

annual 1 adj

attitude n

capability n

coincidental adj

anticipate v

attributable adj

capable adj

collapse 1 v

anticipation n

attribute 1 v

capacity n

collapse 2 n

apparent adj

attribute 2 n

category n

colleague n

append v

author 1 n

cease 1 v

commence v

appendix n

author 2 v

challenge 1 n

commencement n

appreciable adj

authoritative adj

challenge 2 v

comment 1 n

appreciate v

authority n

challenging adj

comment 2 v

74

appreciation n

authorship n

channel 1 n

commentary n

approach 1 v

automate v

channel 2 v

commentator n

approach 2 n

automated adj

chapter n

commission 1 n

appropriate 1 adj

automatic 1 adj

chart 1 n

commission 2 v

approximate 1 adj

automatically adv

chart 2 v

commit v

approximate 2 v

automation n

chemical 1 n

commitment n

approximation n

available adj

chemical 2 adj

committed adj

arbitrary adj

aware adj

circumstance n

commodity n

area n

awareness n

citation n

communicable adj

aspect n

behalf n

cite v

communicate v

assemble v

beneficial adj

civil adj

communication n

assembly n

beneficiary n

clarification n

communicative adj

assess v

benefit 1 n

clarify v

community n

assessment n

benefit 2 v

clarity n

compatibility n

assign v

bias 1 n

classic 1 adj

compatible 1 adj

assignment n

bias 2 v

classic 2 n

compensate v

assist 1 v

biased adj

classical adj

compensation n

compensatory adj

confine v

construction n

conventional adj

compilation n

confined adj

constructive adj

converse 3 adj

compile v

confirm v

consult v

conversely adv

complement 1 n

confirmation n

consultancy n

conversion n

complement 2 v

conflict 1 n

consultant n

convert 1 v

complementary adj

conflict 2 v

consultation n

convertible 1 adj

complex 1 adj

conform v

consultative adj

convince v

complex 2 n

conformation n

consume v

convinced adj

complexity n

conformist adj

consumer n

convincing adj

component 1 n

conformity n

consumption n

cooperate v

component 2 adj

consensus n

contact 1 n

cooperation n

compound 1 n

consent 1 n

contact 2 v

cooperative 1 adj

compound 2 v

consent 2 v

contact 3 adj

coordinate 1 v

compound 3 adj

consequence n

contemporary 1 adj

coordinate 2 n

comprehensive adj

consequent adj

contemporary 2 n

coordinate 3 adj

comprise v

consequently adv

context n

coordination n

computation n

considerable adj

contextual adj

coordinator n

compute v

considerably adv

contextualize v

core 1 n

computer n

consist v

contract 1 n

core 2 adj

computing n

consistency n

contract 2 v

core 3 v

75

conceivable adj

consistent adj

contractor n

corporate adj

conceive v

constancy n

contradict v

corporation n

concentrate 1 v

constant 1 adj

contradiction n

correspond v

concentration n

constant 2 n

contradictory adj

correspondence n

concept n

constantly adv

contrary 1 n

corresponding adj

conception n

constituency n

contrary 2 adj

couple 1 n

conceptual adj

constituent 1 n

contrast 1 n

couple 2 v

conclude v

constituent 2 adj

contrast 2 v

create v

concluding adj

constitute v

contrasting adj

creation n

conclusion n

constitution n

contribute v

creative 1 adj

conclusive adj

constitutional 1 adj

contribution n

creativity n

concurrent adj

constrain v

contributor n

creator n

conduct 1 v

constrained adj

controversial adj

credit 1 n

conduct 2 n

constraint n

controversy n

credit 2 v

confer v

construct 1 v

convene v

creditor n

conference n

construct 2 n

convention n

criterion n

crucial adj

derive v

cultural adj

design 1 n

culturally adv

design 2 v

culture 1 n

designer 1 n

currency n

despite prep

cycle 1 n

detect v

cycle 2 v

detection n

cyclic adj

detective n

data n

detector n

debatable adj

deviate 1 v

debate 1 n

deviation n

debate 2 v

device n

decade n

devote v

decline 1 n

devoted adj

decline 2 v

devotion n

deduce v

differentiate v

deduction n

dimension n

define v

diminish v

definite adj

diminution n

definitely adv

discrete adj

definition n

discretion n

distinct adj

economist n

distinction n

economy 1 n

distinctive adj

edit v

distinctly adv

edition n

distort v

editor n

distribute v

editorial 1 adj

distribution n

editorial 2 n

distributive adj

element n

diverse adj

eliminate v

diversify v

elimination n

diversity n

emerge v

document 1 n

emergence n

document 2 v

emergent adj

documentation n

emerging adj

domain n

emphasis n

domestic 1 adj

emphasize v

domesticate v

emphatic adj

domesticated adj

empirical adj

dominance n

empiricism n

dominant 1 adj

enable v

dominate v

enabling adj

76

definitive adj

discretionary adj

draft 1 n

encounter 1 v

demonstrable adj

discriminate v

draft 2 v

encounter 2 n

demonstrate v

discrimination n

draft 3 adj

energetic adj

demonstration n

disestablish v

drama n

energy n

demonstrative adj

displace v

dramatic adj

enforce v

demonstrator n

displacement n

dramatist n

enforced adj

denial n

display 1 n

dramatize v

enforcement n

denote v

display 2 v

duration n

enhance v

deny v

disposable adj

dynamic 1 adj

enhanced adj

depress v

disposal n

dynamic 2 n

enormity n

depression n

dispose v

economic adj

enormous adj

derivation n

disproportion n

economical adj

enormously adv

derivative 1 n

disproportionate adj

economically adv

ensure v

derivative 2 adj

dissimilar adj

economics n

entity n

environment n

evolve v

factor 2 v

framework n

environmental adj

exceed v

feature 1 n

function 1 n

environmentalist n

exclude v

feature 2 v

function 2 v

equate v

excluding prep

federal adj

functional adj

equation n

exclusion n

federation n

fund 1 n

equip v

exclusive 1 adj

fee n

fund 2 v

equipment n

exclusively adv

file 1 n

fundamental adj

equivalent 1 adj

exhibit 1 v

file 2 v

fundamentally adv

equivalent 2 n

exhibit 2 n

filing n

funding n

erode v

exhibition n

final 1 adj

furthermore adv

erosion n

expand v

final 2 n

gender n

erroneous adj

expansion n

finality n

generate v

error n

expansionism n

finalize v

generation n

establish v

expansive adj

finally adv

globalization n

established adj

expert 1 n

finance 1 n

globe n

establishment n

expert 2 adj

finance 2 v

goal n

estate n

expertise n

financial adj

grade 1 n

estimate 1 n

explicit adj

financier n

grade 2 v

estimate 2 v

exploit 1 v

finite adj

graded adj

estimation n

exploitation n

flexibility n

grant 1 v

ethic n

export 1 n

flexible adj

grant 2 n

ethical adj

export 2 v

fluctuate v

guarantee 1 v

ethnic 1 adj

exporter n

fluctuation n

guarantee 2 n

77

ethnic 2 n

expose v

evaluate v

exposed adj

evaluation n

exposure n

eventual adj

external adj

eventuality n

externalize v

eventually adv

extract 1 v

evidence 1 n

extract 2 n

evident adj

extraction n

evidential adj

facilitate v

evidently adv

facilitator n

evolution n

facility n

evolutionary adj

factor 1 n

focus 1 v

guideline n

focus 2 n

hence adv

focused adj

hierarchical adj

format 1 n

hierarchy n

format 2 v

highlight 1 v

formula n

hypothesis n

formulate v

hypothesize v

forthcoming adj

hypothetical adj

found 2 v

identical adj

foundation n

identifiable adj

founder 1 n

identification n

founding n

identify v

identity n

incapacitate v

induction n

inspection n

ideological adj

incentive n

inevitability n

inspector n

ideology n

incidence n

inevitable adj

instability n

ignorance n

incident n

inevitably adv

instance 1 n

ignorant adj

incidentally adv

infer v

instance 2 v

ignore v

inclination n

inference n

institute 1 n

illegal 1 adj

incline 1 v

infinite adj

institute 2 v

illogical adj

incline 2 n

infinitely adv

institution n

illustrate v

incoherent adj

inflexible adj

institutional adj

illustration n

income n

infrastructure n

institutionalized adj

illustrative adj

incompatible adj

inherent adj

instruct v

image n

inconceivable adj

inhibit v

instruction n

imagery n

inconclusive adj

inhibition n

instructive adj

immature adj

inconsistency n

initial 1 adj

instructor n

immigrant n

inconsistent adj

initially adv

insufficient adj

immigrate v

incorporate v

initiate 1 v

integral adj

immigration n

incorporated adj

initiation n

integrate v

impact 1 n

indefinite adj

initiative n

integrated adj

impact 2 v

indefinitely adv

initiator n

integration n

implement 1 v

index 1 n

injure v

integrity n

implement 2 n

index 2 v

injured adj

intelligence n

implicate v

indicate v

injury n

intelligent adj

implication n

indication n

innovate v

intense adj

implicit adj

indicative 1 n

innovation n

intensify v

imply v

indicative 2 adj

innovative adj

intensity n

78

impose v

indicator n

innovator n

intensive adj

imposition n

indiscretion n

input 1 n

interact v

imprecise adj

indistinct adj

input 2 v

interaction n

inaccessible adj

individual 1 adj

insecure adj

interactive adj

inaccuracy n

individual 2 n

insert 1 v

intermediate 1 adj

inaccurate adj

individualism n

insertion n

internal adj

inadequacy n

individualist n

insight n

internalize v

inadequate adj

individuality n

insightful adj

interpret v

inappropriate adj

individually adv

insignificant adj

interpretation n

incapable adj

induce v

inspect v

interpretative adj

interpretive adj

justification n

likewise adv

method n

interval n

justified adj

link 1 v

methodical adj

intervene v

justify v

link 2 n

methodology n

intervening adj

label 1 n

linkage n

migrant n

intervention n

label 2 v

locate v

migrate v

intrinsic adj

labor n

location n

migration n

invalidate v

labored adj

logic n

migratory adj

invalidity n

labour 1 n

logical adj

military 1 adj

invariable adj

labour 2 v

logician n

military 2 n

invariably adv

laboured adj

maintain v

minimal adj

invest v

layer 1 n

maintenance n

minimize v

investigate v

layer 2 v

major 1 adj

minimum 1 adj

investigation n

lecture 1 n

majority n

minimum 2 n

investigative adj

lecture 2 v

manipulate v

ministerial adj

investigator n

lecturer n

manipulative adj

ministry n

investment n

legal adj

manual 1 adj

minor 1 adj

investor n

legality n

manual 2 n

minority n

invisible adj

legally adv

margin n

misinterpret v

invoke v

legislate v

marginal adj

mode n

involve v

legislation n

marginally adv

modification n

involvement n

legislative adj

maturation n

modify v

irrational adj

legislator n

mature 1 adj

monitor 1 v

irrelevance n

legislature n

mature 2 v

motivated adj

irrelevant adj

levy 1 v

maturity n

motivation n

irreversible adj

levy 2 n

maximize v

motive 1 n

isolate v

liberal 1 adj

maximum 1 adj

motive 2 adj

isolated adj

liberal 2 n

maximum 2 n

mutual adj

79

isolation n

liberalism n

mechanism n

mutually adv

isolationism n

liberalize v

media n

negate v

issue 1 n

liberally adv

mediate v

negative 1 adj

issue 2 v

liberate v

medical 1 adj

negative 2 n

item n

liberated adj

medium 1 adj

network 1 n

job n

licence n

medium 2 n

network 2 v

journal n

license v

mental adj

networking n

justifiable adj

licensed adj

mentality n

neutral 1 adj

neutrality n

orient 1 v

perception n

precise adj

neutralize v

orientate v

period 1 n

precisely adv

nevertheless adv

orientated adj

periodic adj

precision 1 n

nonconformist n

orientation n

periodical n

precision 2 adj

nonetheless adv

oriented adj

persist v

predict v

norm n

outcome n

persistence n

predictable adj

normal 1 adj

output 1 n

persistent adj

prediction n

normal 2 n

output 2 v

perspective n

predominance n

normality n

overall 1 adj

phase 1 n

predominant adj

normalize v

overall 2 adv

phase 2 v

predominantlyadv

normally adv

overestimate 1 v

phenomenal adj

predominate v

notion n

overestimate 2 n

phenomenon n

preliminary 1 adj

notwithstanding prep

overlap 1 v

philosopher n

preliminary 2 n

nuclear adj

overlap 2 n

philosophical adj

presumably adv

objective 1 n

overseas 1 adv

philosophize v

presume v

objective 2 adj

overseas 2 adj

philosophy n

presumption n

objectively adv

panel n

physical 1 adj

previous adj

obtain v

paradigm n

physically adv

previously adv

obtainable adj

paragraph n

plus 1 prep

primacy n

obvious adj

parallel 1 n

plus 2 n

primarily adv

obviously adv

parallel 2 adj

plus 3 adj

primary 1 adj

occupancy n

parallel 3 v

policy n

prime 1 adj

occupant n

parameter n

portion 1 n

principal 1 adj

occupation n

participant n

pose 1 v

principally adv

occupational adj

participate v

pose 2 n

principle n

occupier n

participation n

positive 1 adj

principled adj

occupy v

participatory adj

positively adv

prior 1 adj

occur v

partner 1 n

potential 1 adj

prioritize v

occurrence n

partnership n

potential 2 n

priority 1 n

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