6.Fill the gaps in the sentence below with the words and expressions from the text.
1.Prior to mentoring or coaching persons who are advised and trained, many leaders have a
_______ already set in their minds to inspire a team or an individual to turn their vision into a reality.
2.Managers ________ mainly on calculated results that can be measured.
3.Even when everything seems to be going wrong, leaders change direction toward possible
_______ instead of falling into pessimism.
4.Managers don’t ________ well to any change.
5.Leaders enjoy reading, researching and connecting with _______ people; they always aim to grow.
6.Leaders are usually open-minded and _______ _______to expand their level of thinking, which leads to developing more solutions to problems that may arise.
7.Leaders _______ with their team to know if the team is satisfied or not.
8.Leaders create reason and _______ passion and willpower for those who may have lost hope
in themselves.
9. Managers direct, delegate, enforce and advise either an individual or team thatusually _______
a brand or company looking for direction.
10.Ultimately, _______ and _______ are needed in all aspects of life.
7.Say if the statements are true or false. Prove your point.
1.The distinctions between managing and leading people don’t depend on professional purpose.
2.Leaders lead with purpose and inspiration.
3.Leaders don’t think outside the box.
4.Leaders tend to transformation and change.
5.Leaders, like entrepreneurs, are not looking for ways to expand the world of their competencies.
6.Managers don’t rely on existing knowledge and skills.
7.Managers focus on arrangement and structure of the system.
8.Leaders inspire, teach, encourage, motivate and cheer up an individual or team.
9.Leaders don’t create trust and bonds between their mentees.
10.Followers do as they are told and rarely ask questions.
8.Speak about the differences between leaders and managers.
Text 2. Leadership styles
Finding your style can help to build a company that is able to work quickly and easily. This is the reason why Amazon is one of the most innovative companies in the world. Today, in unpredictable and rapidly changing digital environment, this company has managed to avoid failure,because Amazon adapted to cloud-based software.
In order to have this innovative success, businesses do many things such as picking the right innovations, executing well andkeeping customers happy. But a company’s ability to achieve this success depends on its leadership style. Unfortunately, many company structures today remain outdated, with top-down hierarchies. If a company understands modern digital landscape, leaders hangec the way they lead.
A company without an effective leader is like a car with no steering wheel. Executive leadership style marks guiding the business in the right direction. It means innovation and marketplace dominance instead of stagnation and failure.
There are three categories of leadership styles.
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Entrepreneurial leaders belong to the first category Steve Jobs is one of the most well-known entrepreneurial leaders in the world. Before he became the CEO (Chief Executive Officer) of Apple, his entrepreneurial visions helped him design teams to create revolutionary products. Jobs is a leader who “creates the bubble up innovation” within his company. He spearheads innovation by constantly creating new product ideas with new business models.
Leaders who fit the entrepreneurial framework can encourage innovation by t heir skills and passion for experimentation, risk-taking and team building.
Entrepreneurial leaders do this in two ways: envisioning possible outcomes and motivating people to help the company get success. The first step is to take responsibility for the final outcome.
In case of success or failure of the company, entrepreneurial leaders guarantee that any experimental failure is their own failure, but not theteam’s. The second step is to build the sense of commitment by using meaningful team building practices.
Enabling Leaders belong to the second category. Arianna Huffington is one of the most wellknown enabling leaders. Arianna Huffington is a co-founder of The Huffington Post, the founder and CEO of Thrive Global and author of fifteen books. She promotes a company culture that appreciates the contribution of each employee and builds collaborative relationships.
Enabling leaders can be perfect addition to entrepreneurial leaders. Their focus lies in mentoring employees to grow individually and helping departments navigate hardships. Companies become successful by cultivating company cultures, by developing, respecting and empowering their teams during times of change.
The most effective enabling leaders encourage their employees to think and act on their natural instincts that can be built upon their strengths. Employees make decisions for themselves, not turning to their manager for approval or guidance. Enabling leaders help employees learn on their own mistakes. It is done by coaching employees to develop better decision-making skills.
Architecting Leaders belong to the third category.Jeff Bezos is one of them. He transformed Amazon from an e-commerce site that sold only books into the largest online retailer in the world. It required incredible industry foresight, risky investments in new technologiesand deep partnerships with both consumers and retailers in all industries.
By staying updated on global and economic trends in various markets, including emerging technologies, these leaders can become curators of innovation to meet consumer needs. Architecting leaders understand market trends and they are able to identify the most effective approaches.
Architecting leaders help their companies identify which changes are necessary and map out how to implement them. Their ability is to take a big vision and adapt it to fit the needs of the customers.
1. Translate the following words and word combinations from the text into English.
Непредсказуемая и быстроменяющаяся цифровая среда; избежать неудач (сбоя в работе); инновационный успех оставаться устаревшим; современный цифровой ландшафт; эффективный руководитель; доминирование на рынке; главный исполнительный директор; предвидеть возможные результаты; чувство приверженности; корпоративная культура; сильные стороны человека; развивать навыки принятия решений.
2. Choose the right noun for each given verb. Translate the received collocations.
1) |
to avoid |
a) |
responsibility |
2) |
to achieve |
b) |
innovation |
3) |
to change |
c) |
products |
4) |
to guide |
d) |
success |
5) |
to create |
e) |
business |
6) |
to motivate |
f) |
people |
7) |
to encourage |
g) |
relationships |
8) |
to take |
h) |
employees |
9) |
to build |
i) |
failure |
10) to coach |
j) |
way |
|
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3. Connect every word with its synonym. Translate the received pairs.
1) |
to stifle |
a) |
to aim |
2) |
to aspire |
b) |
to suit |
3) |
to fit |
c) |
to let |
4) |
to envision |
d) |
obligation |
5) |
to enable |
e) |
to hold back |
6) |
to map out |
f) |
significant |
7) |
foresight |
g) |
vision |
8) |
commitment |
h) |
businessman |
9) |
meaningful |
i) |
to foresee |
10) |
entrepreneur |
j) |
to plan |
4. Fill in the table by writing down the names of the well-known leaders in each category and the characteristic features of doing business in each category. Use information from the text and probably from other sources.
Leadership styles |
Names of leaders |
Main features |
Entrepreneurial leaders |
|
|
Enabling Leaders |
|
|
|
|
|
Architecting Leaders |
|
|
5.Questions for discussion.
1.What can help to build a company that is able to work quickly and easily?
2.What things do companies do to achieve business success?
3.What is the company like without an effective leader?
4.How many categories of leadership styles are there? What are they?
5.Who is the most famous entrepreneurial leader in the world?
6.What does entrepreneurial framework include?
7.Who is the most famous enabling leader in the world?
8.What does the focus of enabling leaders lie in?
9.Why is Jeff Bezos considered the world’s architecting leader?
10.Why did Bezos manage to transform Amazon into the largest online retailer in the world?
6.Fill the gaps in the sentences below with the words and expressions from the text.
1.A company’s ability to achieve this success depends on its _______style.
2.A company without an ________ leader is like a car with no steering wheel.
3.Before he became the CEO of Apple, his entrepreneurial visions help him design teams
________ revolutionary products.
4.Leaders who fit the entrepreneurial framework can encourage innovation by their skills and passion for experimentation, ________ and team building.
5.Entrepreneurial leaders can do this in two ways: envisioning possible_______ and motivating people to help the company get success.
6.The second step is to build the sense of _______ through meaningful team building practices.
7.The focus of enabling leaders lies in mentoring employees to grow individually and helping departments _______ hardships.
8.The most effective enabling leaders ________ their employees to think and act on their natural instincts that can be built upon their strengths.
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9.Jeff Bezos transformed Amazon from an e-commerce site that sold only booksinto the largest
________ in the world.
10.Architectural leaders understand ________ trends and they are able to identify the most effective approaches.
7. Say if the statements are true or false. Prove your point.
1. Today in unpredictable and rapidlychanging digital environment, Amazon hasn’t managed to avoid failure.
2.A company’s ability to achieve this success doesn’t depend on its leadership style.
3.A company without an effective leader is like a car with no steering wheel.
4.If a company doesn’t understand modern digital landscape, leaders change the way they lead.
5.In case of success or failure of the company, entrepreneurial leaders guarantee that any experimental failure is their team’s failure.
6.Entrepreneurial leaders don’t use team building practices.
7.The focus of enabling leaders lies in mentoring employees to grow individually.
8.Enabling leaders help employees learn on their own mistakes.
9.Architecting leaders don’t understand market trends.
10.Architecting leaders help their companies identify which changes are necessary.
8.Speak about three categories of leadership styles.
Text 3. Ways to successfully make leaders
Managing managers can be similar to managing a team–– you align priorities, communicate goals, provide feedback and serve as a mentor. Managing managers means not only overseeing the work of the managers themselves, but also effectively supporting their teams.
A successful manager is a person who guides his or her teams to perform well and develops their career path. To reach success in managing managers is not an easy task, but it can be achieved by training, mentorship and empowerment.
Here are some ways for that business success:
1. _________________________________________________________________________. Many managers stay in their positions because they’re good at what they are doing, not because they’re actually good leaders. In order to take them from manager to leader, you should coach them on what you have personally learned as a leader. This means coaching them on communication style. Besides coaching and one-on-one meetings, leaders have to be as a role model because managers
will be looking at how leaders manage the company.
2. _________________________________________________________________________. Managing a team requires money for hiring and the operating expenses necessary for achieving
the goals, objectives and purposes of their departments or teams. Leaders should give them a budget
for this and the ability to manage it and drive decisions. Leaders should leave the door open for managers to propose additions to a budget and think creatively about how to drive performance.
3. ________________________________________________________________________________.
If there’s talent in the company that the company doesn’t want to lose, such employees should be well taken care of and happy in their role. This can be done in the form of incentives ranging from healthcare to food in the office, pay, remote work and recognition. The philosophy is to pay above market for people that are doing a great job for the company. As a result, the companies have many employees that have been staying with them for 15 to 20 years, despite efforts of other companies to recruit them.
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4. _________________________________________________________________________. Before letting managers manage, the leaders must first align with them on theirdepartments’ goals, objectives, and larger company values. Leaders can also help them prioritize efforts and determine
the best places to spend their time. Leaders need to make sure managers are putting the time and resources on high-value priorities.
5. _________________________________________________________________________. Don’t rely on managers to come up with their own approach to report to leaders if leaders already
have a preferred way of getting information from them. At the same time, it is important for managers to communicate with their own teams on how theywant to be informed. Managers have to communicate with their teams in the best possible way.
6. _________________________________________________________________________.
One major way to get managers to trust leaders is by demonstrating that leaders trust them. Their trust in leader is crucial, consideringthat being a leader doesn’t necessarily mean they have all the answers. Leaders have to encourage them to seek their advice on any challenges they’re having.
It will help to expedite their growth and create better business outcomes as a result.
7. _________________________________________________________________________. First-time managers can face the problems of misinterpreting their own weaknesses as a team
member’s weakness. Leaders should help them bridge the gap and communicate well to distinguish between their own areas for improvement and people issues that need to be addressed.
There’s no one way to manage managers, but to be successful in this leaders need to be able to invest in them. It includes a budget, spending timefor training and developing them as leaders. It’s important to give managers the flexibility to find their own path, but it’s also crucialtosupport them every step of the way.
1. Translate the following words and word combinations from the text into English.
Наставничество, расширение прав и возможностей, встреча один на один, принимать решение, повышать производительность, признание, расставить приоритеты, придумать что-либо, доверять, ускорять, результаты, начинающие менеджеры.
2. Choose the right noun for each given verb. Translate the received collocations.
1) |
to align |
a) |
feedback |
2) |
to prioritize |
b) |
managers |
3) |
to provide |
c) |
efforts |
4) |
to oversee |
d) |
employees |
5) |
to support |
e) |
talent |
6) |
to manage |
f) |
work |
7) |
to recruit |
g) |
priorities |
8) |
to achieve |
h) |
decisions |
9) |
to drive |
i) |
teams |
10) |
to lose |
j) |
goals |
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3. Connect every word with its synonym. Translate the received pairs.
1) |
to ensure |
a) |
to lead |
2) |
to coach |
b) |
key |
3) |
to range |
c) |
to stretch |
4) |
to trust |
d) |
to guarantee |
5) |
to expedite |
e) |
motivation |
6) |
to guide |
f) |
to train |
7) |
crucial |
g) |
tutor |
8) |
mentor |
h) |
to believe |
9) |
challenge |
i) |
problem |
10) |
incentive |
j) |
to speed up |
4.Choose the most suitable heading for each way.
a)Allow managers to task their teams and set deliverables.
b)Encourage managers to take care of their top performers.
c)Choose the way to be informed.
d)Help managers to become leaders.
e)Make managers trust leader.
f)First-time managers face some problems.
g)Give managers a budget.
5.Questions for discussion.
1.What is the difference between managing managers and managing a team?
2.When can managers be called successful?
3.What helps managers to become leaders?
4.What does managing a team require money for?
5.What does it mean “to take care of top performers in the company”?
6.Why is it very important to help managers prioritize efforts before letting them manage?
7.Why is it necessary for managers and leaders to have a preferred way of communicating with their teams?
8.What is the major way to get managers to trust their leaders?
9.What problems can first-time managers face?
10.What does investing in managers include?
6.Fill the gaps in the sentence below with the words and expressions from the text.
1.Managing managers can be similar to managing a team, you ______ priorities, communicate goals, provide feedback and serve as a mentor.
2.To reach success in managing managers is not an easy task, but it can be achieved by training,
______ and empowerment.
3.Managing a team requires money for ______and the operating expenses necessary to achieve the goals, objectives and purpose of their departments or teams.
4.This can be done in the form of ______ ranging from healthcare to food in the office, pay, remote work policies and recognition.
5.Leaders need to make sure managers are putting the time and resources on______ , rather than on the easiest things to do.
6.Managers have to ______ with their teams in the best possible way.
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7.Leaders have to ______ managers to seek their advice on any challenges they’re having, rather than trying to figure out everything on their own.
8.First-time managers can ______ of misinterpreting their own weaknesses as a team member’s weakness.
9.There’s no one way to manage managers, but to be successful you need to be able _______
in them.
10.It’s important to give managers ______ to find their own path, but it’s also crucial that you support them every step of the way.
7.Say if the statements are true or false. Prove your point.
1.Managing managers can’t be similar, to managing a team.
2.To reach success in managing managers is an easy task
3.In order to take them from managers to leaders, the role of a leader theiras manager is to coach them on what you have personally learned as a leader.
4.Managing a team doesn’t require money for hiring and the operating expenses.
5.If there’s talent in the company that the company doesn’t want to lose, such employees should be well taken care of and happy in their role.
6.Leaders rely on managers to come up with their own approach to report to them.
7.The trust of managers in leaders isn’t crucial.
8.Leaders have to encourage managers to seek their advice on any challenges they’re having.
9.There’s only one way to manage managers.
10.It’s not so important to give managers the flexibility to find their own path.
8.Speak about the ways to take the first-time managers from managers to leaders.
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UNIT 4. ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT Text 1. Organizational structures
An organization is an entity such as a company or an association that consists of one or more people and has a specific purpose. A business organization, in contrast to a public service organization or a charity, exists to provide goods or services usually at a profit. Making a profitmay not necessarily be the sole aim of a business, but it is certainly what distinguishes it from a non-business organization.
Any organization involves structure. The organizational structure of a company is the way in which a company is organized, including the types of relationships that exist between managers and employees. Each employee’s position is identified, including their functions and who they report to within the organization. Various activities such as task allocation, subordination, supervision, coordination are based on the structure of the organization.
There are four common types of organizational structure which determine how a company operates to meet its objectives.
1. Functional structure
Perhaps it is the most commonorganizational structure. Functional departmentalization is the basis for grouping together jobs that relate to a single function or specialized skill such as marketing, finance, production, and so on. The chain of command in each function leads to a functional head who in turn reports to the top manager.
The functional structure enhances operational efficiency of a company as well as improves the quality of the product because specialists are involved in each functional area and resources are allocated by function rather than being diffused throughout the organization.
2. Divisional structure
Divisional structures group various organizational functions into product or regional divisions headed by a product or regional manager. Divisional structures are best suited to organizations that need to be near sources of supply or its customers. Under this structure, each division controls resources and the amount of money it spends on projects.
The main advantage of the divisional structure is the independence of operational flow. It means that failure of one division does not threaten the existence of the others.
3. Flat structure
In such a structure, there are few levels seniority. This enables employees to become increasingly involved in all activities and have an influence over decision-making processes.
A risk of the flat structure is that it can grant greater responsibility to inexperienced members of the team. However, it can also help bring forthcreativity and encourage different ways of thinking throughout all areas of the business.
4. Matrix structure
The matrix structure organizes reporting relationships between employees and supervisors in a grid-like model. It means that all employees have dual reporting relationships,depending on the situation or project. For example, all engineers may be in one engineering department and report to an engineering manager. But these same engineers may be assigned to different projects and might be reporting to project managers as well, i.e. each person working on the project has two supervisors — the project manager and the functional manager. The project managers are generally responsible for the overall direction and integration of activities and resources related to the project. They are responsible for accomplishing work on schedule and within the prescribed budget. They are also responsible for integrating the efforts of all functional managers to accomplish the project and for directingand evaluating project activity. The functional managers are concerned with the operational aspects of the project.
Matrix structures are well suited to companies that have both a diversityof products and markets and are required to complete large, complicated projects. But this approach can become confusing and multiple points of command can increase the possibility of conflict.
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1. Find in the text the English equivalents to the Russian words and expressions.
Контроль; разделение на отделы; вертикаль управления (система подчинения); распространять; источникиснабжения; порождать; отношенияотчетности; руководитель; установленный(принятый); разнообразие.
2. Make up phrases from the words of the right and left columns and translate them.
1) |
provide |
a) |
creativity |
2) |
make |
b) |
efficiency |
3) |
enhance |
c) |
services |
4) |
threaten |
d) |
efforts |
5) |
bring forth |
e) |
an activity |
6) |
integrate |
f) |
the existence |
7) |
direct |
g) |
a profit |
3.Complete the sentences.
1.Non-business organization are ... .
2.For-profit organization focuses on ... .
3.Organizational structure is ... .
4.Organizational structure determines ... .
5.There are different types of organizational structure that a company can adopt such as ... .
6.Functional structure is based on ... .
7.Divisional structure refers to the structure wherein ... .
8.The disadvantage of a matrix structure is ... .
4.Read the statements and say if they are true or false. If they are wrong, make the necessary corrections.
1.Large companies do not require highly-detailed organizational structure.
2.Proper organizational structure makes the company objectives clear to every employee.
3.With functional structure work is performed more efficiently since each manager is in charge of a single function.
4.Functional structure enable employees to make decisions and take responsibilities for their actions.
5.Organizations that take on matrix structure often have two chains of command.
5. Fill in the gaps in the sentences with the prepositions from the box.
of |
into |
for |
with |
in |
on |
through |
by |
1.Any organization exists to do certain things ___ society, and the things it does are governed
___ its purpose.
2.An organizational structure governs the flow of information ___ different levels of the company.
3.An organization can be structured ___ many different ways, depending ____ its objectives.
4.Most organizations face up to a number ___ crucial questions about the kind of structure that will best sustain the success ___ the enterprise.
5.In a functional structure, an organization is divided ___ smaller groups by areas ___ specialty.
6.There are temporary organizational structures formed for specific projects ___ a specific period of time.
7. Managers have to cope ___ all the complications of trying to coordinate the different kinds of work going on ___ their organization.
6. Fill in the gaps in the text with the words and phrases from the box. Translate the text. Write three special questions on the text.
in charge of day-to-day accountable to establish responsible executive exercise devote
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