Professional English in Navigation. Учебное пособие для СПО

2.Translate into English.

1.Будем швартоваться левым бортом.

2.Предполагаемое время прибытия.

3.Вы будете швартоваться в … .

4.Подать носовой шпринг.

5.Машины готовы?

6.Стоп выбирать.

7.Судно ошвартовано.

8.Отдайте носовой шпринг.

3.Compose your own dialogue using the phrases above and learn it by heart.

4.Questions for control of the mooring procedure.

1.What is mooring?

2.When is mooring required?

3.Name the standard mooring lines.

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4.How are the mooring lines given ashore?

5.How are the heaving lines given ashore?

6.What is placed on all mooring lines?

7.What are fenders used for?

8.What is mooring equipment?

9.Name main ways of mooring.

10.What shall be prepared before mooring?

Supplementary reading

1. Read the text, translate and fill in an accident report.

Marine Accident Brief: Allision of Bulk Carrier Mia S with Nashville Avenue Wharf

Executive Summary

On August 18, 2017, about 1920 local time, the Antigua and Barbuda-flagged bulk carrier Mia S was traveling down bound on the Mississippi River near New Orleans, Louisiana, experiencing intermittent engine slowdowns. As the fully loaded vessel began to enter a bend of the river at Six-Mile Point near mile 101, its propulsion engine program restricted the engine to dead slow ahead. Within minutes, the vessel allied with the Nashville Avenue Wharf, damaging its bow above the waterline and the wharf. No pollution or injuries among the 19 crewmembers were reported. Damage to the Mia S and the Nashville Avenue Wharf each amounted to an estimated $1 million.

Probable Cause

The National Transportation Safety Board determines that the probable cause of the allision of the bulk carrier Mia S with the Nashville Avenue Wharf was the chief engineer’s poor communication to the master regarding the potential for additional protective engine slowdowns at orders above dead slow ahead, and the master and pilot’s decision to proceed at full ahead, which resulted in a reduction in engine speed and subsequent loss of maneuverability while navigating through a sharp river bend.

Allusion — столкновение с неподвижным судном

Ally — объединиться

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Accident report:

•Type of accident

•Location

•Time

•Cause

•Crew Members involved

•Action

•Safety Equipment used

•Injuries

•Damage

•Risk Classification: serious/moderate/minor

Terms relating to mooring

Automatic mooring winch / Constant tension winch = Similar to mooring winch, but incorporating an automatic facility for hauling and rendering mooring lines at certain pre-set-load.

Автоматическая швартовная лебёдка = швартовное устройство, подобное швартовной лебёдке, но имеющее функцию автоматического взаимодействия степени фактического изменения натяжения каната с исполнительным механизмом, который обеспечивает сохранение натяжения швартовного конца в пределах установочного значения нагрузки.

Bight (Slip rope) = A loop formed by doubling back a rope upon itself.

Дуплинь = сдвоенный швартов, образующий на одном из концов петлю.

Bitts = Vertical steel post or bollard mounted in pairs around which a line can be secured.

Кнехты = смонтированные попарно стальные вертикальные столбы или тумбы, вокруг которых может крепиться/накладываться швартов.

Bollard = A vertical post to which the eye of a mooring line can be attached.

Швартовная (причальная) тумба = вертикальная тумба, на которую заводится огон швартовного конца (другие названия – битенг, кнехт, швартовный пал).

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Breast line = Mooring lines leading ashore as nearly perpendicular as possible to the ship’s for and aft line.

Прижимной швартовный конец = швартовные концы, заведённые на берег в направлении, настолько перпендикулярном диаметральной плоскости судна, насколько это возможно.

Fairlead = A guide for a mooring line, which enables the line to be passed through a ship’s bulwark or other barrier, or to change direction through a congested area without snagging or fouling.

Направляющий элемент швартовного устройства = элемент (деталь), направляющий швартовный канат и дающий ему возможность изменить направление или беспрепятственно протянуться, минуя зацепления или помехи.

First-ashore line = A line (usually fiber) put ashore first to help in hauling the ship into berth.

Швартов, подаваемый на берег первым = швартовный конец, положенный на берегу в первую очередь, чтобы с его помощью подтянуть судно ближе к причалу.

Hawser = Synthetic (nylon, polypropylene) or natural fiber (coir, grass, manila) rope or wire (steel) rope used for mooring (mooring hawser), warping (warping hawser) and towing (towing hawser).

Трос (окружностью от 127 мм до 610 мм), канат, швартов, перлинь (корабельный пеньковый канат толщиной от 10 до 15 см по окружности), буксир = синтетический (нейлон, полипропилен) или из натурального волокна (кокосовый, растительный, манильский) трос или проволочный (стальной) трос, используемый для швартовки (швартовный трос), подтягивания (верпный трос – для вспомогательного якоря, который заводят со шлюпки для стягивания судна с мели или для перетягивания судна на другое место) и буксировки (буксирный трос).

Headlines = Mooring lines leading ashore from the fore end or forecastle of a ship, often at an angle of about 45 degrees to the fore and aft line.

Носовые продольные швартовы = швартовные концы, заведённые на берег с передней части судна или с бака, часто под углом около 45о к диаметральной плоскости судна.

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Heaving line = A very light line that is thrown between the ship and the berth, and is used to draw the messenger line ashore.

Бросательный конец (выброска) = очень лёгкий шнур, который бросают между судном и причалом; выброска используется для вытягивания проводника на берег (причал).

Mooring winch = A winch capable of line storage on drums, and ability to withstand tension and hold the tensioned moorings by means of suitable brakes.

Швартовная лебёдка = это лебёдка, которая обеспечивает укладку каната на её барабанах, а также обеспечивает возможность выдерживать нагрузку, создаваемую натянутыми швартовными канатами, посредством применения тормозных устройств.

Pedestal roller fairlead = A roller fairlead usually operating in a horizontal plane. Its purpose is to change the direction of lead of a mooring or other line on a ship’s deck.

«Мальчик» (направляющий элемент швартовного оборудования в виде тумбы, в верхней части которой устроен ролик, вращающийся в горизонтальной плоскости) = роликовый тип направляющего элемента швартовного оборудования, функционирующего обычно в горизонтальной плоскости. Служит для изменения направления швартовного или другого троса, находящегося в пределах палубы судна.

Spring lines = Mooring lines leading in a nearly fore and aft direction, the purpose of which are to prevent longitudinal movement (surge) of the ship while in berth. Headsprings prevent forward motion and back springs aft motion.

Шпринговые канаты = швартовные канаты, заведённые в приблизительно продольном направлении в нос и в корму, назначением которых является предотвращение продольных подвижек судна, ошвартованного у причала, от внешних динамических воздействий. Носовые шпринги предотвращают подвижки судна вперёд, а задние — назад.

Stern lines = Mooring lines leading ashore from the after end or poop of a ship, often at an angle of about 45 degrees to the fore and aft line.

Кормовые продольные швартовы = швартовные концы, заведённые с кормовой оконечности судна или с его ютовой палубы на берег, часто под углом около 45° к его диаметральной плоскости.

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Stopper = A device (chain check stopper e.g.) for securing a mooring line temporarily at the ship whilst the free end is made fast to a ship’s bit. A Carpenter’s stopper is a device with opening jaws to receive wire and shaped wedges to hold line when tension is applied.

Стопор = приспособление (например, цепной стопор) для временного удержания швартовного каната на борту судна в набитом состоянии, пока его свободный конец накладывается на палубный кнехт и крепится. Стопор Карпентера — это устройство с открывающимся зажимом для приёма каната и его удерживания в набитом состоянии посредством заклинивания в этом зажиме.

Warping = Use ship’s mooring lines or wires for simplification of maneuvers of a vessel.

Верпование = использование судовых швартовных концов или тросов для облегчения манёвров судна.

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SECTION V

Part 1

Towing

1. Study the following words and word combinations.

•Towing — буксировка

•Carry out — осуществлять

•Towrescuer — буксир-спасатель

•Require — требовать

•Shift from one berth to another — перешвартовать с одного причала на

другой

•Bottom — днище

•Hull — корпус

•Salvage — спасание

•Disabled vessel — судно, потерявшее управление

•Support — помощь

•Wake — кильватер

•Shallow — мелкий

•Alongside — вдоль берега

•Astern — корма

•Power driven vessel — судно

•To be engaged in — заниматься

•Oblige — обязывать

2. Read the text. Think of the title of each paragraph and put them down in the appropriate box.

Text

Towing of vessels is a special case of sea practice. Towing is carried out by transport ships and by tow-rescuers. For the service for the towing vessels, especially for gross tonnage vessels, maneuvering in narrows and channels for the assistance to a tow are given one or two tugs.

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Ships may need towing in a number of cases. When in port, tugs may be required to take ships to or from the berth. Sometimes it may be necessary to shift the ship from one berth to another and the port tug is usually ordered to do this job. It may also happen that the ship will need dry docking for cleaning the bottom and repairs to the hull. A tug – boat will then be required to maneuvering the ship into the dock.

The towing and towed vessels communicate with each other to coordinate their actions.

Usually do it by VHF.

There are three types of towing:

•Salvage (for vessels, which are disabled and for damaged vessels);

•Planned (for self-propelled vessels);

•Support (in the harbor, on the roads).

Methods of towing:

•towing in wake on a long towing line (at seas and the distant ocean voyages);

•towing in wake on a short towing line (in ice, ports, shallows);

•towing astern (for vessels with astern damage);

•towing alongside (in the protected waters);

•towing pushing ahead (in rivers and lakes).

A power driven vessel when towing must show:

•Two masthead lights on the top of each other — sidelight, a sternlight,

•A towing light vertically above sternlight;

•A diamond shape if to is longer than 200 meters.

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If the towing vessel is not normally engaged in towing operations and it is impractical to light it correctly, it is not obliged to show these lights if it is towing a vessel in distress or in need of assistance. All possible measures must be taken to show that it is towing; in particular the towline should be illuminated.

3. Answer the questions.

1.How is towing carried out?

2.What are the situations when the ships need towing?

3.What are the types of towing?

4.What for towing and towed vessels communicate with each other?

5.How do they communicate?

6.Name the methods of towing.

7.Is it always enough only one tug assistance?

8.What lights shall the vessel exhibit in towing operations?

9.What ropes are usually used when towing?

10.What shall be especially illuminated when towing?

Precautions in towing operations

1. Read and translate the text.

The following safety precautions are basic and should always be followed during towing operations:

•During heavy weather life jackets will be worn by all personnel topside.

•Personnel involved in rigging and un-rigging towing gear and handling lines shall wear life jackets, safety helmets, and safety shoes. Personnel handling messengers and synthetic tow lines may wear gloves. Personnel handling wire rope shall wear gloves. Rings, loose clothing, etc. should not be worn.

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•Be careful when handling towing hawsers and observe the precautions for using synthetic fiber ropes.

•When rope is used in towing operations without a towing engine, the towing hawser must have a scope of at least 200 fathoms (1200 feet) especially for long tows and in heavy weather.

However, the urgency of the situation or navigational hazards may dictate the use of a single hawser rig, [100 fathoms (600 feet)], even in heavy weather, in order to get the tow under way. A second hawser can be added when conditions permit. Towing a ship, an oilrig or a barge in bad weather or in strong currents is one of the most difficult and hazardous operations to undertake. The kinetic energy generated when two heavy vessels suddenly are forced by the waves in opposite directions is often enough to part the towline regardless of its thickness. The consequences can be catastrophic, as can be seen on the news from time to time. Disasters will happen again. The so-called “constant tension winches” used onboard tugs sound good in theory but these only measures and react to the force in the tow line and will attempt to adjust the pull force accordingly. However, it is too late to react when the tow line tension exceeds the limit. A fraction of a second later — before the “constant tension winch” has had time to react — the line will have snapped. Two large vessels can tow each other successfully with a tow line much thinner than normally required for towing, should that be needed.

Towing and Pushing

(a) A power-driven vessel when towing shall exhibit:

(i)instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23(a)(i) or (a)(ii), two masthead lights in a vertical line. When the length of the tow, measuring from the stern of the towing vessel to the after end of the tow exceeds 200 meters, three such lights in a vertical line;

(ii)sidelights;

(iii)a sternlight;

(iv)a towing light in a vertical line above the sternlight; and (v) when the length of the tow exceeds 200 meters, a diamond shape where it can best be seen.

2. Answer the questions:

1.What elements is the towing system comprised of?

2.What is the towing hawser made of?

3.Name the main safety precautions during towing operations.

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