Enjoy the English grammar. Методическое пособие по грамматике английского языка для студентов неязыковых направлений педагогических вузов

10.Our teacher lives in (far) part of the city.

11.This street is (noisy).

12.Peter is (small) of the family.

13.Whose translation is (good)?

14.She will get (thin) when she gets (old).

15.Your dress is (fashionable) of all.

16.She did the work (well) than my brother.

17.My grandfather is two years (old) than grandmother.

18.His watch is 5 minutes (fast) than yours.

19.Where is (near) bus stop?

20.It was (bad) mistake I’ve ever made.

IV. Give the correct forms of the adjectives and adverbs in brackets:

1.The Volga is (long) than the Danube.

2.The lecture was (interesting) than we had expected.

3.Which language is it (dif cult) to learn – English or French?

4.This is the (short) way.

5.Which of you is (old) – you or your brother?

6.February is the (short) month of the year.

7.This is the (beautiful) place in the neighbourhood.

8.The (much) you read the (good) you understand the language.

9.She suggested going (far) into the forest.

10.I liked the last story (much) of all.

11.We can’t hear you. Will you speak (loud)?

12.The novel is much (interesting) than the lm.

13.Hethinksthat(far)explanation isuseless.Itwillmakematters(bad).

14.This translation is twice as (easy). You’ll do it quickly.

15.Our grandfather is the (old) in the family. He is 2 years (old) than our grandmother.

16.There is still (much) to learn.

17.The (soon) you understand it the (good).

18.We are expecting his arrival in the (near) future.

V. Fill in the blanks with the conjunctions as…as, not so … as, than:

1.The bridges in London are … long … those in New York.

2.The climate of the Ukraine is not … cold … that of Siberia.

3.The weather in early autumn is often … warm … in summer.

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4.In winter days are shorter … nights.

5.Spring here is more pleasant … autumn.

6.The building of our school is … old … that of yours.

7.My friend is not … tall … I am.

8.This book is not … interesting … that one.

9.You speak English … fast … I do.

10.Was it … frosty yesterday … it is today?

11.Your room is … light … mine.

12.I have less spare time … my sister has.

13.The rst-year students are going to take fewer examinations this term (semester) … we.

14.This year Peter has made more progress in his studies … he did last year.

15.Today Bess looks much better … she did yesterday.

VI. Complete the sentences:

1.His report is better than … .

2.English is not so dif cult as … .

3.February is shorter than … .

4.This book is as new as … .

5.This text is easier than … .

6.The lm is as interesting as … .

7.Autumn is not so cold as … .

VII. Make up 10 English sentences using any adjectives in different degrees of comparison.

VIII. Open the brackets using the given adjectives in the superlative degree:

1.The (long) sea voyage is one of 19,860 miles from a point 150 miles from Karachi, Pakistan, to a point 200 miles north Kamchatka.

2.The (large) of the world’s seas is the South China Sea with an area of 1,148,500 square miles.

3.The (high) waterfall in the world is the Angel Falls in Venezuela with a total drop of 3,212 feet.

4.The (cold) place on Earth is the Pole of Cold, Antarctica.

5.The (hot) place is Dallol, Ethiopia.

6.The world’s (wet) place is Kanai, Hawaii.

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7. The (heavy) bell in the world is the Tzar Bell, made in 1733 in Moscow. It weighs 216 tons, is over 19 feet high, and its (great) thickness is 24 inches.

IX. Translate into English:

1.Он выше своего отца.

2.Вы старше или моложе вашего брата?

3.Наша улица более тихая, чем ваша.

4.Какая самая высокая гора в мире?

5.Английский язык не труднее французского.

6.Июль – самый жаркий месяц года.

7.Где здесь ближайшая станция метро?

8.Кто был лучший ученик в вашем классе?

9.Я прочитал так же много книг, как и ты.

10.Сегодня у нас меньше работы, чем вчера.

11.Фильм не такой интересный, как книга.

12.Эта улица такая же длинная, как и та.

13.Аня взяла самое большое яблоко.

14.Моя комната не такая светлая, как ваша.

15.Они заплатили ему в два раза меньше, чем он ожидал.

16.Английская грамматика не такая трудная, как русская.

17.Чем длиннее ночь, тем короче день.

18.Погода ухудшалась.

19.Это не так просто, как кажется.

20.В этом тексте меньше новых слов.

21.Этот путь вдвое короче.

22.Ее сестра на 1 год моложе ее.

23.Это великолепнейший роман. Чем дальше я его читаю, тем больше он мне нравится.

24.Мы виделись всего несколько раз,поэтому я не могу вам рассказать о ней много.

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II. Make up new words out of the given ones with the help of the af x- es. Translate them into Russian:

–ly: high, hopeless, rst, beautiful, main, natural, nice, hard, sad, cold, easy, glad, great, lucky, bad, original, careful, willing;

–less: job, rain, use, money, heart, sleep, noise, smoke, hair, life, limit, child, mother, ground, home;

–ful: colour, beauty, meaning, success, peace, joy, thought, wonder, care, use, hope;

–ic: economy, history, geography, period;

–ment: to govern, to manage, to treat, to equip, to punish, to achieve, to advertise, to enjoy, to establish, to develop, to agree, to appoint, to move, to improve, to settle, to announce, to punish;

–er(or): to read, to write, to speak, to translate, to found, to produce, to work, to build, to trade, to export, to direct, to lead, to ght, to listen, to teach, to report, to dance, to instruct, to run, to sing, to drive;

–ess: mister, painter, tiger, lion, actor;

–(t)ion: to prepare, to explain, to congratulate, to occupy, to prevent, to celebrate, to connect, to populate, to perfect, to recognize, to create, to consider, to express, to represent, to protect, to elect, to educate, to graduate, to examine, to add, to decorate, to inform;

–(s)ion: to express, to impress, to suppress;

–(i)ty: active, major, similar, variable, dif cult;

–ist: science;

–ance(ence): to depend, to exist, to enter, to appear, to differ, to attend;

–al: nation, to refuse, profession, pedagogics, arithmetic, education, technology, psychology, physiology, exception, industry, centre, in u- ence, nance,economic,geographic,historic,politics,periodic,practice;

–ian: Mathematics, technique, physics;

–ing: tounderstand,tointerest,to trade,todevelop,togrow,to teach, to begin, to train, to draw, to mould, to open, to break, to create, to educate, school, to direct, to guide;

–ism: capital, social, feudal, nominal;

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–ous:mountain,religion,danger,poison,to continue,glory,courage, fame, labour, industry, victory;

–en: sharp, broad, black, less, strength, height;

–ize: sympathy, character, patron, organ;

un – : answered, necessary, known, forgettable, employment; ever – : improving, expending, green, lasting;

dis – : order, to continue, to like, to organize;

re – : to consider, to elect, to form, to produce, to place, to build, to write, to read, to ask, to make.

III. Make up new words from the following ones:

a) inter-; b) post-; c) bi-; d) pre-; e) multi-; f) ex-:

IV. Give the corresponding verbs to the following nouns. Translate them into Russian:

Competition, demonstration, misinformation, association, participation, restriction, determination, misunderstanding, agreement, drawing, meeting.

V. Read the following words, nd the suf xes and de ne what words they are made from:

Pressure, construction, illiterate, uncomfortable, necessity, difference, collection, disappear, deepen, unreality, cultural, indifference.

VI. Make up new words from the given ones:

1.a class, a room;

2.a bed, a room;

3.a class, a mate;

4.a week, an end;

5.news, paper;

6.a recorder, a tape;

7.a school, a girl;

8.a birth, a day;

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9.a chair, a man;

10.a way, a rail.

VII. Make up new words using pre xes or suf xes:

1.To build, to create, to connect, to educate, to sail;

2.Child, friend, leader, hope, truth, beauty, rain, peace, help, colour, power, joy, care, use;

3.Bright, cold, dark, free, weak.

VIII. Find the words with the wrong af xes (pre xes and suf xes):

1. inexpected, 2. unhappy, 3. non-pleasant, 4. unadequate, 5. incapable, 6. discomplete, 7. misapprove, 8. anti-like, 9. disappear, 10. non-honest, 11. inexperienced, 12. under-dress, 13. disload, 14. unwrite, 15.reconstruct,16.ununderstand,17.mislead,18.overtime,19.dismiss, 21. under-value, 21. postwar, 22. anti-aircraft, 23. counteract, 24. international, 25. inconscious, 26. inlarge, 27. enrich, 28. prehistoric.

MODAL VERBS

I. Make up sentences with the modal verb can (could) and its equivalent to be able to according to the model using the verbs given in brackets. Translate into Russian:

Model 1: I can carry this box.

(to speak French, to drive a car, to come here early, to learn the rule, to have breakfast now, to work for ten hours)

Model 2: He could swim very well when he was young.

(to work much harder, to translate from English into Russian, to run quickly, to skate)

Model 3: Soon he will be able to read English newspapers without a dictionary.

(to play chess better, to go on an excursion, to take an exam in History, to get the necessary information on the subject)

II. Make up sentences with the modal verb can (could) and its equivalent to be able toaccording to the modelusingthe verbs given inbrackets. Translate into Russian:

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Model 1: Can you help me?

(to play chess, to dance, to skate, to sing English songs)

Model 2: Could you speak English at school?

(to read French, to write German, to speak Spanish, to translate from Russian into English)

Model 3: Will you be able to come to the Institute earlier tomorrow? (to do this work in time, to get such a book for me, to pass your exam

in Maths next term).

III.Make up sentenceswith the modalverbmay(might)andtranslate them into Russian:

Model 1: May I open the window?

(to smoke here,to use the dictionary,to come to see you, to waitfor here)

Model 2: He said you might smoke.

(tostayhere,toanswerthisquestion,totakethisbook,toreadthetext).

Model3:Hesays hewillbeabletospeaktoyou (toleavetheroom,to go home, to watch TV in theevening, to help his friend with his French).

IV. Make up sentences with the modal verb must and its equivalent to have to and translate them into Russian:

Model 1: You must answer all my questions.

(to come by 5 o’clock, to do this work, to help your parents, to try it again, to bring the magazine)

Model 2: She had to wait for a long time.

(to get ready for the exam, to look up the words in the dictionary, to do the work at once, to learn the rule by heart, to miss several lessons, to refuse his help)

Model 3: You will have to explain the grammar rule once more. (to get the necessary books by tomorrow, to rewrite the test, to send

her a telegram, to speak to your English teacher, to go to bed now).

V. Ask questions with the modal verb must and answer them according to the model:

Model: – Must I come here tomorrow?

– Yes, you must. / – No, you needn’t.

(to do this exercise again, to read the text once more, to copy out the

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words, to open the window, to close the book, to speak louder, to ask my friend this question)

VI. Make up the sentences using the verbs to have to, to be to and translate them into Russian:

Model 1: I have (had, will have) to work very hard.

(to meetmy sister at the stationevery evening,toleavehomeearly,to make a report from time to time, to take tea instead of coffee)

Model 2: I am (was) to come to the examination at 10 o’clock.

(to have classes at 12 o’clock, to have a short break, to have winter vacation in January, to have an English class twice a week)

VII. Translate into English using can (could, to be able to):

1.Я не могу его ждать.

2.Она не сможет научиться хорошо петь.

3.Кто может перевести эти предложения?

4.Она не могла идти так быстро.

5.Где можно купить такой учебник?

6.Можешь ли ты ответить мне на этот вопрос?

7.Я не смогу прийти на следующее занятие по английскому языку.

8.Мог ли он забыть те дни?

9.Мы не смогли добраться до университета к 9 часам.

10.Что я могу сделать для Вас?

11.Вы могли сделать это без моей помощи.

12.Она не смогла окончить школу в прошлом году.

13.Сможете вы завтра купить билеты на футбольный матч?

VIII. Translate into English using the modal verb may (might, to be allowed to do smth.):

1.Кто сказал, что мы можем идти домой?

2.Можно мне задать вам вопрос?

3.Могу ли я пойти к врачу?

4.Можно мне позвонить вам сегодня вечером?

5.Мать сказала, что Олег может пообедать в школе.

6.Вы можете прийти позже.

7.Он сказал, что мне можно остаться там.

8.Учительсказал,чтомыможемвыполнитьэтоупражнениедома.

9.Вы можете подождать меня в коридоре.

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IX. Translate into English using must (to have to, had to):

1.Вам не нужно будет переводить эту статью.

2.Когда мы должны подготовить доклад?

3.Она должна была сказать ему об этом.

4.Где мне вас ждать?

5.Она должна много работать над произношением.

6.Мы должны сделать это задание к понедельнику.

7.Кто должен переписать диктант?

8.Вам придется прийти еще раз.

9.Сегодня вам пришлось встать рано?

10.Я должен был встретить ее, но не смог.

11.Я должен буду еще раз позвонить ему вечером.

12.Мы должны были спешить, так как опаздывали в кино.

X. Translate into English using modal verbs to have to, to be to:

1.Занятия в школе должны заканчиваться в 3 часа.

2.Мне нужно поговорить с вами.

3.Мне приходится вставать рано. Я должен начинать работу в 8 часов.

4.Ей надо было уйти пораньше.

5.Вам не нужно идти в библиотеку. У меня есть книги, которые вам нужны.

6.Они должны были встретиться вчера вечером.

7.Поезд должен прибыть в 12 часов.

8.Где мы должны остановиться?

9.Я немог пойтидомой, так как я долженбыл закончить работу.

10.Им не пришлось долго ждать.

11.Мне нужно будет позвонить им.

12.Когда должен оканчиваться урок?

13.Вам придется подождать немного. Директор еще занят.

14.Занятия должны начаться в понедельник. Нам придется поехать туда на автобусе.

15.Вампришлось остатьсядома,потому чтобылаплохая погода?

XI.Fillinthe blanks withcan, may, must, have to, needn’t according to the sense:

1. You … not smoke here.

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2.… you see anything? – Nothing at all.

3.… we go on foot? – No, we … . We … catch a bus.

4.… I have a cup of tea, please?

5.… you go so early? It’s only nine o’clock.

6.You … be careful.

7.I like the house, but I … not decide yet. My wife … see it rst.

8.Last summer it was very dry and I … water the garden every day.

9.… I do it now? – No, you … . I’ll do it myself tomorrow.

10.Let’s go into the living – room. We … have our coffee there.

11.… you come at 2 p.m.? – No, that’s very late.

12.She … read and write now.

13.… I come in?

XII. Fill in the blanks with a suitable modal verb:

1.Who … answer my question?

2.… you tell me the way to the station?

3.He … this task at once.

4.… I attend this meeting? – No, you needn’t.

5.She … be more attentive to her parents.

6.You … have shown your notes to the teacher.

7.I asked him, but he … listen to me.

8.They … have visited her, she was in the hospital.

9.Nobody … translate this text.

10.You … come so early.

11.Your friend … have informed us.

12.Last summer we … often go to the country.

13.Your son … do this work himself.

14.… I leave for a while? – Yes, you … .

XIII. Fill in the blanks with can, may or must (or the negative forms) in the following sentences:

1.I … sharpen the pencils if you lend me your knife.

2.He told his secretary, “You … go home now if you like”.

3.The teacher told the class, “If you make a spelling mistake, you … write the correction three times”.

4.Mary … do her homework if her father doesn’t help her.

5.I said to my friend, “If I lend you my car, you … promise to drive it carefully”.

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