Enjoy the English grammar. Методическое пособие по грамматике английского языка для студентов неязыковых направлений педагогических вузов

12.You were right when you told him not … interfere in our affairs.

13.I can’t help but … admire your progress.

14.You have been doing nothing but … argue.

15.Why not … go and … see them one of these days?

16.Why should I … give up the idea?

17.The guests were eager … hear Harris … sing a comic song.

IV. Make up sentences according to the models using the expressions in brackets and translate the sentences into Russian:

Model I: I want (would like) you (him, her, them) to do it.

(to show your plan, to announce this news, to launch the proposal at the meeting)

Model II: Have you ever seen her/him dance?

(to skate, to ski, to swim, to play tennis, to run, to jump)

Model III: I expect him (her, them) to come.

I expect the question to be discussed.

(our team – to win the rst prize; she – to prepare for the examination well; this problem – to be solved soon; the dispute – to be settled)

Model IV: He is known (said) to work at his English hard.

(to perform his duties well; to have been sent abroad; to be invited to suchmeetingsveryoften; to havebeenexaminedbyawell-knownscien- tist; to have been refused any help; to have been told to do it)

Model V: He is considered (believed) to be a good worker.

(a good sportsman, a talented artist, a great scientist, a well-known economist, a poor poet)

Model VI: He seems to be well.

(to lag behind his classmates, to have won the game, to come out against such actions,to be displaying akeen interest in English literature)

Model VII: He is (un) likely to come.

(to nd an answer to this question, to introduce anything new in our system, to be elected as a chairman of the meeting)

Model VIII: He is sure (certain) to come.

(to win, to organize a contest, to get acquainted with them, to send a message of congratulation)

101

V. Use the correct form of the In nitive in the Complex Object constructions:

1.He saw her (to turn) to Irene and (to say) something.

2.I want this myth (to remember).

3.We didn’t expect them (to come) earlier than we did.

4.I never before heard him (to speak) so much.

5.We believe them (to reach) the station by now.

6.The judge ordered the prisoner (to bring) in.

7.We waited for her (to begin).

8.I expect you (to see) this play with me.

9.Theysawhim(tocross)thestreetlookingtotheleftandtotheright.

10.His friends wished him (to succeed).

VI. Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to “for+In nitive” construction:

1.The English student was speaking too fast for our students to catch what he was saying.

2.Theboywastoldto beagoodboy andwaitfortheparents toreturn in the evening.

3.“That’s easy for you to say,” said Gordon.

4.Itwasnotdif cultfor thedriverto nd theroad,he knew those places.

5.We wondered if it was time for us to leave.

6.I think it would be better for you to tell the truth.

7.The mother was very anxious for the daughter to enter the institute.

8.There will be a lot of interesting people for you to make acquaintance of.

9.It was easy enough for us to persuade them.

VII. Translate into Russian the following sentences with the Complex Subject Construction:

1.Programmed instruction techniques are said to be used in some schools.

2.The peoples of the world are known to possess two types of literature: oral and written.

3.Whenweenteredthetheatretheorchestrawasheardtobetuningup.

4.I appeared to have seen the play at some provincial theatre many years before.

102

5.The plane was announced to have landed.

6.Miss Jean seemed to be awakening from a dream.

7.I seem to have lost my watch.

VIII. Change the sentences according to the model using the Complex

Subject:

Model: It was believed that she had returned. – She was believed to have returned.

We are sure they will come. – They are sure to come.

1.It was believed that she was visiting her relatives in the country.

2.It seemed that she knew everything and everybody on the ship board.

3.It appeared he was working at his new play.

4.It is supposed that the arrival of Mr. N. in London is a pure coincidence.

5.It seems that you misunderstood me.

6.It is likely that the talks will be resumed early in November.

7.We can hardly believe that the letter will be delivered on time.

8.I suppose you know it quite well.

9.They announced that the meeting had been put off.

IX. Use the Complex Subject in place of the Complex Object:

1.We heard him explaining something to his son.

2.They watched the boys playing football.

3.Someone saw her walking about the garden.

4.We saw them signing the paper.

5.He watched the postman distributing the letters.

6.Watson saw inspector Morton standing at the corner.

7.We believe them to have come to an agreement.

8.We suppose the students to have exams now.

9.She found him looking through morning newspapers.

10.She made him apologize.

X. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the modal verbs in different combinations:

cannot have (done) – не может быть, чтобы …

1.He can’t have translated this text without a dictionary.

2.She can’t have done such a thing.

103

3.They can’t have come so late.

4.He can’t have said it.

5.It can’t have been so cold.

could have (done) – мог бы сделать (но не сделал)

1.He could have done it without your help.

2.The Browns could have invited us to the evening party.

3.Eve could have told them about it long ago.

4.You could have published the article in our journal.

5.Nobody could have done it better.

may have (done) – возможно сделал

1.The problem may have been solved, but I’m not sure.

2.The delegation may have arrived, but we don’t have exact information so far.

3.They may have bought the necessary goods there.

4.Since we haven’t got any positive answer to our request, the manager of the company may have refused to sell us the equipment.

5.They may have spent part of the summer in the South.

must have (done) – должно быть сделал

1.They must have sent a new spaceship into orbit.

2.It must have taken him much time to complete the work.

3.Helen looksvery happy,she must have passed her exam successfully.

4.All the people are leaving the conference hall, the meeting must have been declared closed.

5.Jane must have come home by now.

should have (done) – следовало бы сделать (но не сделал)

1.Daddy didn’t feel good yesterday, he should have stayed at home.

2.You should have helped your friend long ago.

3.They should have told you about it beforehand.

may be (doing) – возможно, может быть (делает)

1.Paul may be taking part in a swimming contest, but I don’t know exactly.

2.What is going on in the club? – They may be showing a lm.

3.Where are the students? – They may be doing sights (visiting places of interest).

104

XI. Use the proper form of the In nitive:

1.Edward seldom writes to me now, he must (to work) hard.

2.You may (to misunderstand) us, we didn’t mean to hurt you.

3.They can’t (to receive) our letter, we sent it only yesterday.

4.He may still (to sleep), he isn’t an early riser.

5.You shouldn’t (to complain) to his parents, he got offended.

6.If someone had warned me about the meeting I could (to attend) it.

7.Look! The roofs are white. It must (to snow) now.

8.I’m happy (to hear) of Tom’s success.

9.I’m glad (to see) you again.

10.She was delighted (to meet) Mr. Brown.

XII. Use the correct form of the in nitive:

1.I don’t expect them (to take) the book from the library. It was closed yesterday.

2.Are you going (to be) here very long?

3.Hewasglad (tospend) hisleavein thecountry.Itdid him a lot of good.

4.He seemed (to recover) but did not look quite well.

5.It was impossible (to speak) to her.

6.It is so nice of you (to bring) me the book I have been looking for.

7.Oh, we’re awfully pleased (to meet) you.

8.She was sorry (to tell) her the truth.

9.He is disappointed (not to be awarded) the prize.

10.She was surprised (not to nd) me at home.

11.Who was the last person (to arrive) before me?

12.There is nobody (to explain) it to other people.

13.She is not (to trust).

14.I’d like you (to appoint) our monitor.

15.We still think we were right (to send) her away.

16.I want to be the rst (to examine).

17.She forced herself (to answer).

XIII. Use the correct form of the In nitive:

1.The translation proved (to be) dif cult (to do) within such a short period of time.

2.They were heard (to whisper) about something.

3.We happen (to go) to the same school.

105

4.She seemed (to listen) to him trying to catch every word.

5.He is known (to graduate) from Oxford.

6.The train is announced (to arrive) in 10 minutes.

7.Great Britain is known (to be) once a great colonial country.

8.I am sure (to ask) this question at the exam tomorrow.

9.He is unlikely (to work) now, it’s too late.

10.He seemed (to watch) the clock for a long time.

11.She is expected (to arrive) by the morning train.

12.You shouldn’t (to complain) to his parents, he got offended.

13.If someonehad warnedme aboutthemeeting I could (toattend) it.

14.Have a look! The roofs are white. It must (to snow) now.

15.You may (to misunderstand) us, we didn’t mean to hurt you.

16.He didn’t allow anyone (to carry) his heavy luggage.

17.Here is the article (to translate) by tomorrow morning.

XIV. Open the brackets:

1.He made me (to do) it all over again.

2.Her father made her (to learn) the lessons.

3.If you want us (to make) the work quickly you should let us (to start) at once.

4.Would you like me (to read) now?

5.He wouldn’t let the children (to play) in his study.

6.Pleaseletme(toknow) theresults of yourexamassoonaspossible.

7.He made us (to wait) for two hours.

8.I let him (to go) early as he had done his task.

9.I saw them (to open) the window.

10.That is too dif cult for you to do, let me (to help) you.

XV. Choose the right variant:

1. They made me ________ for hours.

a) to wait; b) wait.

2. We saw her _____ her bag and draw out a small portable tape-re-

106

4. The Internal Revenue Service makes all Americans ______ their tax forms by April 15 every year.

a) to le; b) le.

5. He lets me ______ in whenever I wish to. a) to come; b) come.

6. Finally the Smiths got a gardener _______ the grass around the

7. The workers helped us _______ the furniture absolutely free of

8. The examiner made us ________ our identi cation in order to be

9. Since lightning was probably signi cant in the formation of life, understanding it might help us ______ life itself.

XVI. Translate into English:

1.Вы ожидаете, что работа будет сделана скоро?

2.Он не любит прерывать кого-либо.

3.Вы хотите, чтобы мы встретились сегодня?

4.Я рада, что мне дали эту книгу.

5.Вы хотите, чтобы дети играли здесь?

6.Мы ожидаем, что они хорошо проведут у нас время.

7.Я хочу, чтобы он закончил эту работу.

8.Мы слышали, что она знает, когда мы сдаем экзамен.

9.Вы хотите, чтобы мы обсудили этот вопрос сегодня?

10.Она рада, что ее встретили на станции.

11.Мне очень жаль, что я вас сейчас беспокою.

12.Мы ожидаем, что на этом месте будет построен новый дом.

13.Вы хотели бы, чтобы работа была сделана сегодня?

14.Мы хотим проинформировать вас.

15.Вы хотите, чтобы я помог вам?

107

XVII. Translate into English:

1.Я хочу, чтобы вы выполнили эту работу сегодня.

2.Вы когда-нибудь слышали, как она говорит по-английски?

3.Никто не заметил, как она ушла?

4.Кого вы считаете лучшим студентом в этой группе?

5.Я полагаю, что Петр хорошо знает французский.

6.Мыожидаем (надеемся),чтовыприметеучастиевэтойработе.

7.Говорят, что Николай живёт сейчас в Санкт-Петербурге.

8.Сообщают, что делегация прибыла.

9.Известно, что Москва была основана Юрием Долгоруким.

10.Ожидают, что эти документы опубликуют в газетах.

11.Анна, кажется, уезжает на следующей неделе.

12.Он оказался хорошим специалистом.

13.Погода, вероятно, изменится.

14.Они обязательно приедут сюда осенью.

15.Мы полагаем, что собрание будет проведено в конце недели.

16.Он почувствовал, что кто-то идет за ним, и обернулся.

17.Можно считать, что этот вопрос уже решен.

XVIII. Translate into English:

1.Известно, что студенты сдают экзамены дважды в году.

2.Объявили, что самолет задерживается.

3.Говорят, что он сдал все экзамены на отлично.

4.Известно, что первые Олимпийские игры состоялись в 1896 году в Афинах.

5.Кажется, я знаю этого человека.

6.Вряд ли погода изменится в ближайшее время.

7.Фильм оказался интереснее, чем мы предполагали.

8.Оказывается, мы знакомы.

9.Вы случайно не знаете их адреса?

10.Известно, что когда-то Британские острова были частью материка Европы.

11.Они обязательно придут, они обещали.

12.Может быть, лектор ссылался на эту статью, но я не помню.

13.Неужели она давно работает над этой темой? Она не опубликовала ни одной статьи.

108

14.Никто не подходит к телефону, должно быть, все ушли.

15.Не может быть, чтобы она об этом забыла.

16.Почему вы уехали так рано?Вам надо было остаться у нас до конца каникул.

17.Она может не прийти.

18.Ненадобылобратькнигуизбиблиотеки,ямогвамдатьсвою.

THE GERUND

I. Translate the sentences into Russian, nd the gerund and de ne its form:

1.I think of spending my nextsummer holidaysin the Crimea [kraImIə].

2.We didn’t succeed in getting tickets for the footfall match.

3.On learning that my friend was ill I went to see him at once.

4.There was little hope of winning the contest.

5.Ann is always afraid of catching cold.

6.Swimming in hot weather is always pleasant.

7.When will you nish reading this book?

8.Do you mind my closing the window?

9.Before leaving for London I will let you know.

10.This lm is not worth seeing. It’s dull.

11.Itis no usetranslatingthearticleagain.Ithasoncebeentranslated.

12.The risk of taking part in the contest was great.

13.There are many places in the City of London.

14.Russian educators are constantly engaged in seeking new and more satisfactory ways of keeping education in tune with times.

15.Some parents prefer keeping their children under the supervision and care of their grandmothers.

16.I wonder why he objects to our helping him.

17.Smoking costs a lot of money.

18.The house wants repairing.

19.We thank you for sending us your letter.

20.I have three shirts that need washing.

109

II. Use gerunds instead of in nitives in brackets and translate the sentences into Russian:

1.Are you fond of (to play) tennis?

2.He began (to play) the piano two years ago.

3.I object to (to discuss) this question at the meeting.

4.We had much dif culty in (to translate) the article.

5.I remember (to tell) them about it.

6.I like the idea of (to organize) a shooting contest.

7.There is no chance of (to get) tickets for this football match.

8.I think of (to take part) in the forthcoming conference.

9.Do you mind my (to leave) you for a moment?

10.I don’t mind (to gather) at Peter’s place tomorrow.

11.Go on (to read).

12.This book is not worth (to read).

13.I was afraid of (to be late) for the meeting.

14.The children are good at (to swim).

15.We enjoy (to skate) in winter.

III. Translate into English using the models below:

Model I: I can’t help laughing. Я не могу не смеяться.

–не сказать вам об этом;

–не принимать участие в этом состязании;

–не любить их.

Model II: It’s no use going there. Бесполезно идти туда.

–искать эту книгу;

–пытаться сделать это еще раз;

–собирать всех студентов сейчас.

Мodel III: We enjoyed hearing that opera. Мы получили удоволь-

ствие, слушая эту оперу.

–слушая вашу музыку;

–читая эту книгу;

–участвуя в соревновании.

Model IV: Do you mind going home now? Вы не возражаете пойти домой?

–пойти в столовую;

–собраться у него;

110