Part 2. Are we hooked on addiction?
Task 2.1. Do you agree or disagree with the quotes below? Give reasons.
1.“Hobbies are for people that don't like what they're doing”(Stefan Sagmeister, a New York-based graphic designer).
2.“In polite society, we call our obsessions hobbies” (Stephen King, an American novelist and short-story writer).
3.“To be really happy and really safe, one ought to have at least two or three hobbies, and they must be real” (Winston Churchill, a British statesman, soldier, and writer who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom twice).
Task 2.2. What activities |
do youthink people |
are addictedto in |
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the 21st century? Read the text. Then, complete the following table. |
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Internet |
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Tanning |
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Shopping |
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addiction |
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addiction |
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addiction |
Meaning |
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Reasons |
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Problems |
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How to overcome |
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or avoid |
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The word ‘addict’ for most people calls images of drug users or alcoholics. People look down on smokers, alcoholics, and cocaine addicts, but then go and spend five hours in an Internet chat room. But today there is a typenew of addicts. Recent research has shown a big rise in the number of addictions, -so called behavioural addictions that include compulsive attachments to plastic surgery, the Internet, mobile phones, and even sun beds. It seems that in our fast-paced pressurized modern life, we are increasingly turning to comfort behaviour, activities which temporarily make us feel happier, less stressed and
lonely. And experts warn that these are the things that can |
lead |
us into |
dependency no matter how harmless they may seem at first. |
And while |
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behavioural addictions may sound less serious than being hooked on drink or |
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drugs, experts say their potential for wrecking lives may actually |
be |
quite |
similar as they can lead to obsession, debt, and the breakdown of relationships. |
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Internet addiction. The Internet is a wild and wonderful place which |
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has changed the way we live, learn, and work – but when a person can’t find |
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a balance between their time online and their time offline, it |
can |
mean |
problems for their mental health. Researchers estimate that 6% of people are addicted to the Internet. Internet Addiction is also called computer addiction, and compulsive Internet use.
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The World Health Organization formally recognized addiction to |
digital |
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technology as a worldwide problemThere. |
is no one definition for |
internet |
addiction; however, it is generally agreed upon that people who are addicted to |
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the Internet have trouble performing personal and professional |
obligations |
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because of their online activities, and their |
use of the Internet causes strain on |
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relationships with family and friends. People who are addicted to the Internet often experience negative emotions or withdrawal symptoms when their Internet access is restricted.
Tanning addiction. Obsessive tanning, tanning addiction, whatever you
call it, tanning too frequently and for too long is dangerous. Intentionally exposing your skin to ultravioletlight, either under the sun or in a tanning bed, doesn’t just cause you to wrinkle prematurely, it causes cancer. This comes as
no surprise to most people. We all know that this kind of exposure can be deadly. So why do so many people, particularly young women, continue to overtan? According to new research, many tanners have an addictive disorder. First,
researchers have examined the motivations behind excessive tanning. A major
motivation is related to appearance. Most |
tanning enthusiasts want to have |
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darker skin. They feel better with tanned skinOther. motivations run deeper. |
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Tanning may enhance the mood because |
of |
exposure |
to |
light. |
It may |
help |
tanning addicts relax and socialize with others. |
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In spite of the known risks, some |
people seem unable to stop |
using |
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tanning booths or spending time under the |
sun |
in search |
of |
tanned |
skin. It |
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important to educate people, not just about the physical dangers of tanning, but also about the possibility of getting hooked on the activity. For those who just want to look tan, self-tanners and spray tanning are good alternatives.
Shopping addiction. Shopping addiction isperhaps the most socially acceptable addiction as we are surrounded by advertising that tells us that buying will make us happy. It is a behavioral addiction that involves compulsive buying as away to feel goodand avoid negative feelings, such as anxiety [æŋˈzæɪətɪ] and depression. Like other behavioral addictions, shopping addiction
can take over as a preoccupation that leads to problems in other areas of your life.
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People who struggle with shopping addiction typically spend more time |
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and |
money on shopping than they can afford, and many get into financial |
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problems as a result of their overspendingThis. |
difficulty in controlling |
the |
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desire to shopemerges |
from |
apersonality pattern |
that |
shopaholics |
share, |
and |
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that differentiates them from most other people. Often low in self-esteem, they |
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are |
easily influenced, |
and |
are often kindhearted, |
sympathetic, |
and polite to |
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others, although they are often lonely and isolated.Shopping gives them a way to seek out contact with others.
Online shopping addiction is a form of internet addiction, and people with social anxiety are particularly vulnerable to developing this type, as it doesotn require any face-to-face contact. Like other cyber addictions, it feels anonymous.
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Conclusion. It is believed that compulsive behaviour often manifests itself in clusters. There is, for example, the eating disorder cluster, which also includes shopping and spending, work, cosmetic surgery, and exercise, the ‘hedonistic cluster’ which includes alcohol, drugs, caffeine, sex, and gambling, and the ‘relationship cluster’ which includes compulsive helping of the others, and addiction to love and being in love. There is an opinion
that if you are addicted to one thing in the cluster, you are at risk of becoming addicted to the others.
Overcoming any addiction requires learning alternative ways of handling the stress and distress of everyday existence.
Task 2.3. Find words in the text which mean: 1) makea picture appear in someone’s mind; 2) to think that you are better than someone; 3) doing smth a lot and unable to stop doing it; 4)start to do or use smthbad, especially because you are unhappy; 5) cause someone to do smth, especially bad; 6) teach;
7) succeed in controlling or dealing with |
smth; 8) feeling unhappy because of |
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not seeing or talking to |
otherpeople; |
9) deal with, |
haveresponsibility for; |
(10) toprevent smth |
fromhappening or |
to notallow yourself to do smth; |
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11) have enough money or time to buy, keep, or do smth.
Task 2.4. Find English equivalents in the text which mean: интернет-
зависимость, одержимость загаром, шопоголизм, быть зависимым, глобальная проблема, беспокойство, депрессия, рекламировать, испытывать негативные эмоции, столкнуться с финансовыми проблемами, испытывать трудности с выполнением личных и профессиональных обязательств, альтернативные способы овладения стрессом.
Task 2.5. Answer the questions:
1.What exactly does ‘behavioural addiction’ mean?
2.Why are behavioural addictions increasing now?
3.What types of addictions are recognized in the 21st century?
4.What are the consequences of behavioural addictions?
5.How can someone deal with any addiction?
6.Do you think the addictions referred to in the article are a problem in your country? Give reasons.
yolo.mp3
Task 2.6. Listen to a conversation between Roy
and Jiaying, linking to:
http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/features/tews/210621_tews_yolo_download.mp3
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Before listening, make sure you understand the following words: scifithemed café, to justify a risk, mountain climbing, cliff diving, to be broke, wind smb up.
- What expression are they discussing? What does it mean?What do you think about it? Role play the dialogue.
Part 3. Career interests
Task 3.1. What is a career path?How do you understand “aligning your career with your interests”? What benefits will you have if you align your career with your interests?
Task 3.2. Match the following words with their meanings:
а) мотивация, рабочая обстановка (производственная среда), преимущество (выгода, польза), удовлетворение от работы, профессиональные обязанности, профессиональный (карьерный) путь, рабочее место;
workplace, job satisfaction, benefit, work-related duties, career path, work environment, motivation;
b) определить ценности и сильные стороны, принимать во внимание, развивать навыки, повышать производительность, добиться успеха в, реализовать карьерные цели;
achieve success in, increase productivity, develop skills, achieve career goals, determine values and strengths, take into consideration.
Task 3.3. Read the text about the benefits that you will have if youalign your career with your interests. While reading, fill in the gaps with the correct word:feel,
increase, take, achieve, act, find, stay, become, waste, determine, put, enjoy. |
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Career interests reflect your preferences in awork environment. Aligning |
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your career with your interests presents several benefits: |
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Job satisfaction: When you align your career with your interests, you |
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essentially increase your job satisfaction. In other words, |
you’ll (1) … more |
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enjoyment in |
coming to work each day and(2) … happier |
about doing your |
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work-related duties. |
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Strategic career decision:Aligning your career with your interests also |
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means you won’t feel like you (3) … your time following the wrong career path. |
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When |
you (4) |
… your interests into consideration, you’ll have likely |
made a |
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wise choice regarding your profession. |
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Career |
success: Aligning your career with your interests also |
increases |
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your |
chances |
of achieving success in your career. |
Knowingre you’doing |
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something you not only(5) … but that you’re actually good at can |
help you |
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(6) … motivated and (7) … your productivity in the workplace. |
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Motivation: When you feel like you’re doing a job you’re good at, you may (8) … more effort into developing your skills. In addition, you’ll find more motivation to (9) … your career goals.
Personal identity: On a personal level, knowing your career interests can help you (10) … more self-aware and may help you(11) … your values, strengths and where your motivation lies. Knowing this information can help you (12) … on it more often in your chosen profession.
Task 3.4. Read the text. Find out your type of career interests.Complete the table according to the text.
Types of career |
Activities, preferences and |
Areas of career interests |
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interests |
features |
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1. |
Conventional |
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2. |
Investigative |
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3. |
Social |
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4. |
Artistic |
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5. |
Realistic |
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6. |
Enterprising |
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Since many people have different preferences regarding their work duties
and work environments, career interests can take many shapes and forms. Understanding the various types of career interests may help you identify your own career interests even further. Here are the various types and areas of career interests:
Conventional: This type of career interest deals with organization and structure. People with conventional career interests enjoy stability, routine and attention to detail in all of their work matters. Careers in this category include accountants, office clerks and legal secretaries.
Investigative: Investigative career interests involve problem-solving complex issues and abstract ideas. Careers in science and math often fall into this category. People who have investigative career interests are often rational, curious and intelligent.
Social: People with social career interests find themselves in professions that help other people such as teaching and nursing. They enjoy communicating and working alongside others.
Artistic: This type of career interest involves a great deal of creativity and lack of rules, regulations and structure. People with this career interest are often idealistic and follow an unconventional path. Types of careers in this category include graphic designers, copywriters and photographers.
Realistic: People with realistic career interests enjoy working outside and performing hands-on duties. They often use tools, equipment and machinery and
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have a hard-working and stable personality. Careersin this profession include plumbers, civil engineers and firefighters.
Enterprising: Enterprising careers are goodfor people with confidenc and decisiveness. People with this type of career interest do well in leadership positions and enjoy carrying out projects no matter the risks. Examples of enterprising careers include managers, recruiters and lawyers.
Task 3.5. Read and translatesome career interest examples. Then, write a short paragraph about how you identified your career interests.
Ex. 1. During high school,I enjoyed my math classes and finding solutions to a variety of mathematical problems.I also received good grades in math classes. Based on this,Idecided to start a career as a research mathematician.
Ex. 2. For as long as I can remember, I’ve enjoyed helping people. During high school, I worked as a tutor and even helpedmy siblings with their homework. I also excelled in all of my classes and genuinely enjoyed learning. That’s why I found interest in pursuing a teaching career.
Ex. 3. I remember that since high school I enjoyed delegating and making important decisions, participated in a debate team. Based on this, I decided to become a lawyer.
Task 3.6. Project work. Choosing a career first means learning as much asyou can about yourself,your goals, and the larger context of work. Surf the Net. Explore types ofcareer interests in your field. Present your findings.
Part 4. Tell me about your hobbies and interests. Job interview conversation
Task 4.1. Match the following words with their meanings:
a) transferable skills, company culture, ideal candidate, skills and experiences2, community involvement, religious beliefs, personal pursuits;
религиозные убеждения, личные интересы, навыки и опыт, корпоративная культура, навыки широкого применения, участие в общественной деятельности, идеальный кандидат;
b) make a great impression, consider, require, convey, highlight, focus on, include, share information, avoid;
включать (иметь с своем составе), избегать, сосредотачиваться на, произвести большое впечатление, требовать, сообщать (транслировать), выдвигать на первый план, рассматривать, делиться информацией.
2 (c) smth that happen to you, or situations that you are involved in
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Task 4.2. Hobbies and interests can be a great way to show employers that you’re well-rounded (всесторонне образованный).While reading, fill in the gaps: (a) favorable impact, (b) the most relevant, (c) transferable skills, (d) include, (e) feel confident, (f) skills and experiences, (g) convey, (h) make, (i) may, (j) beneficial, (k) company culture, (l) requires, (m) cultural engagement,
(n) may or may not, (o) research, (p) identify, (q) personal pursuitspəˈsjuːts][ . Then, watch and check.
How to list hobbies and interests on your resumé?
Want to share (1) … in your application? You may want t include a hobbies and interests section in your resumé. Includin hobbies and interests in your resumé can highlight (2) knowledge.
It can also spark conversation and (3) … deepen your connection to the reader. So how should you list your hobbies and interests in your resumé?
First, consider what you’re trying to (4) … . Choose hobbies and interests that focus on relevant traits, (5) … . Let’s say a role (6) … international business travel, adding “learning new languages” or “the desire to travel the globe” to your hobbies and interests, may (7) … a great impression.
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To add or take out? |
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Know when to include a hobbies and interests section in your resumé. It’s |
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not always (8) … or appropriate to include a hobbies and interests section in |
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your resumé. Be sure the information you’re sharing is related to the position, |
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company, or industry. If it’s not, you might want to leave it off. |
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Know your audience. Research andunderstand the position and (9) …. |
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Some organizations like to see community |
involvement, |
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(10) … in ideal candidates. Consider how the employer will respond to your |
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hobbies and interests. Include items that will have (11) … . |
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Add value, not distraction. Before adding to this section, ask yourself if |
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you’re adding value or creating a distraction. Inclusions that don’t add value |
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don’t belong on the resumé. When your hobby and interestspeak directly to the |
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role or company culture, you can (12) … that it’s adding value. |
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interactions, |
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connotations, religious beliefs, personal ideasthat you (13) |
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with employers. |
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Where should you add this section |
on the resumé? In the interest of |
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leading with (14) … information first, the hobbies and interests section tends to |
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be at the end of your resumé. Typically, education, experience and projects tend |
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to be more aligned to the position or company. |
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Here |
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of great |
hobbies |
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include |
on your |
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resumé: volunteer work, physical activities, art and music, writing, traveling, club memberships, gaming, crafts, podcasts and learning languages.
Finally, consider valuable resumé real estate and only (15) … necessary items and remember to keep this section honest and concise. Take time to (16)
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… your targeted audience, (17) … the most relevant hobbies and interests, and add this section to your resumé, if it makes (Режимsense. доступа: https://youtu.be/CjmQIOLG7xg?si=M5CAX05LZMmVOl98).
Task 4.3. Answer the questions.
1. What hobbies and interests should you avoid including in your resumé?
Why?
2.What hobbies and interests add value to your resumé? Why?
3.Why should you research the company culture and the position?
4. Where should |
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interests |
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the |
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resumé? Why? |
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5. What are the tips for choosing the right hobbies and interests? |
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Task 4.4. Before reading the text, answer the question |
“Why do |
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interviewers want to know about your hobby? |
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What are your hobbies? This is a common interview question and can be |
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difficult to answer if you don’t have any interesting hobbies. |
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Interviewers want to know about your hobby because it allows you to |
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explore other interests and maintain a sense of balance in your life. When |
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constantly focusing on one thing (your job), it’s easy to become burned out or |
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lose sight of what’s important. |
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A hobby can help you stay grounded and remind you that there’s more to |
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life than work. Having a hobby can make you better at your job. When you’re |
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passionate about something, you tend to be more invested in learning about it |
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and doing your best.So, here are some sample answersto help you prepare for |
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this question in advance. |
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Always tailor your answer to the job and companyou are interviewing |
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with. If you can, try to find out what the interviewer is interested in to have a |
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more specific answer.Hobbies can be the key to your personality. One of the |
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important reasons why an interviewer asks you about your hobbies to know you |
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better and where your innate interests lie. This can represent your personality, so |
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choose the hobby wisely. |
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Keep your explanation short. While talking about your hobby, make sure |
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that you keep it short and concise. For instance, your hobby is reading, after |
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mentioning the same, add any recent book you have read or how you got |
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interested in reading by putting a backstory |
to it. |
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interviewer’s interest in your profile. |
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Connect your hobbies with your job. This is another golden brownie point |
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you can earn by connecting your interests with your career. For example, as a |
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business |
development |
manager, |
you |
like |
volunteering, |
mention |
how |
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volunteering has improved your interpersonal skills, helped you learn about people of various backgrounds and further keeps you on your feet.
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Explain how your hobbies make you a better personYou. can always mention how a certain hobby adds to a particular skill in your life. For instance, reading can help you become a better writer and storyteller while playing sports teaches us about teamwork, the importance of fitness and so on.
Don’t mention anything political or controversialThis. is a big no for answering “What are your hobbies?” as political opinions are often different amongst people and organizations while anything controversial can further leave
a bad impression on the interviewer. So, stay away from adding any political interests or controversial hobbies.
Never say you have no hobbies. Saying that you have no hobbies will also leave a bad impression on your interviewer. Instead, you can mention something you are learning during that point of time or anything interest that you have got
inclined to, from learning something as simple as cooking to watching psychological thrillers, you can mention even the simplest of interests with a striking story (Режим доступа: https://www.needlemover.me/what-are-your- hobbies-best-answer-101-sample-answers/).
Task 4.5. Look through the text above and say: распространенный вопрос на собеседовании, оставить плохое впечатление, упоминать (ссылаться), поддерживать чувство равновесия (меры), «выгореть» на работе, убедиться, вызывающий полемику, навыки межличностного общения.
Task 4.6. Answer the following questions.
1). Why dointerviewers ask about hobbies and interestsat a job interview?
2). Why should you tailor your answers about hobbies and interests to the position and the company at a job interview?
3). Why isn’t it worth mentioning any political or controversial interests at a job interview?
4). What answer(s) can leave a bad impression on your interviewer ata job interview? Why?
5). Why is it important to have hobbies and interests? 6). How can hobbies make you a better person?
7). What are the tips for speaking about hobbies and interests at a job interview?
Task 4.7. Read the following job interview conversation and fill in the gaps: for work, for fun, the latest news, relieving stress, my native language, should, enjoy, takes me.
Employer: What are your hobbies?
Applicant: My hobbies are reading, studying English, and doing yoga.
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Employer: What kind of things do you (1) … reading?
Applicant: I read the newspaper every morning, but this is (2) … and to stay up to date with (3) … . But (4) … I enjoy reading novels.
Employer: Do you read novels in English?
Applicant: Sometimes. But it definitely (5) … a little longer to read books in English than in Spanish which is (6) … .
Employer: That’s natural. Did you also say that you do yoga?
Applicant: Yes. I do yoga at least 3 times a week. I think it is great for staying fit and for (7) … .
Employer: That sounds good. Maybe I (8) … start yoga. Applicant: I highly recommend it.
(Режим доступа: https://youtu.be/8MswxXEb9Ck).
Task 4.8. While reading the following job interview conversation, fill in
the gaps: traits and characteristics, to influence, deal with, applying for, interested in. Then, listen and check.
Employer: What are your interests?
Applicant: I am (1) … many things, but I would say that my biggest interests are sports and psychology.
Employer: Psychology?
Applicant: Yes. That is one of the reasons that I am (2) … this marketing position. I am fascinated by why people act in certain ways and why they make certain decisions.
Employer: Do you think this interest would help you in this position?
Applicant: Absolutely. If you can understand why a person makes a decision, then you can use that information (3) … themo,. I Sthink that psychology and marketing are connected.
Employer: That’s very interesting. Can psychology also help you (4) … your co-workers?
Applicant: It can. But I think it is harder because with a co-worker you are dealing with just one individual andevery person has different (5) … that make them unique.
Employer: I see. I wish we had more time to talk about this. It is very interesting (Режим доступа: https://youtu.be/Ugt4bfisXQg).
Task 4.9. You are at the job interview. Answer the questions. Employer: What are your interests?
Applicant: ….
Employer: How will your interest(s) help you in this position? Applicant: ….
Employer: How would you use your interests to help the company? Applicant: ….
Employer: That’s good to hear it.
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LEISURE TIME and HOBBY DISCUSSION
1.What hobbies and interests did you have when you were at school? What are your hobbies and interests now? What hobbieswould you like to have?
2.Have you ever done running or aerobics, yoga or pilates? What are specific benefits and risk factors? How to keep motivation?
3. What are some common extracurricular activities for university students?
4.What are the benefits of participating in extracurricular activities?
5.What activities are people addicted to in the 21st century? Why are they addicted to them?
6.Do you think the behavioral addictions are a problem in your country?
7.Why is it important to have hobbies and interests?
8.How can hobbies make you a better person?
9.What’s your type of career interests? How did you realize your career interests?
10.How do you understand “aligning your career with your interests”? What benefits will you have if you align your career with your interests?
11.What are the tips for speaking about hobbies and interests at a job interview?
12. What would you tell about your hobbies and interests at a job interview?
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