Добавил:
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз: Предмет: Файл:

Всемирное культурное наследие. Учебное пособие

.pdf
Скачиваний:
0
Добавлен:
11.08.2026
Размер:
600 Кб
Скачать

8=8AB9@AB6> >5@47>64=8я 8 =4C:8 $>AA89A:>9 (989@4F88

($0!" "%'$%& !!" 2 &!" "$" & 0!" '+$! /%, " "$" ! 3

«%4=:B-#9B9@5C@7A:89 7>AC84@AB69==K9 C=869@A8B9B

?@><KH;9==KE B9E=>;>789 8 88749=4»

". . 'C8>A69B>64

% $!" ' 0&'$!" ! %

'F69D:89AB $984>J<BAAB-<;84F9?PE><@ EB69FB@

GA<69DE<F9F4 6 >4K9EF69 GK95AB7B CBEB5<S

%4A>F-#9F9D5GD7

2017

' 008:719(075.8)

79.0:71.08я73 '84

9F9A;9AFO:

8B>FBD H<?BEBHE><= A4G>, CDBH9EEBD >4H98DO H<?BEBH<< < <EFBD<< $BEE<=E>B7B

7BEG84DEF69AAB7B <AEF<FGF4 EJ9A<K9E><I <E>GEEF6

Ю. . ШBD;

>4A8<84F >G?PFGDB?B7<<, 8BJ9AF >4H98DO <EFBD<< < F9BD<< 8<;4=A4

< @98<4>B@@GA<>4J<= ( "' " «%4A>F-#9F9D5GD7E><= 7BEG84DEF69AAO=

GA<69DE<F9F CDB@OL?9AAOI F9IAB?B7<= < 8<;4=A4»

. . !G84>B64

'C8>A69B>64, ". .

'84 E9@<DAB9 >G?PFGDAB9 A4E?98<9: GK95. CBEB5<9 / ". . +G8BE69FB64. – %#5.: ( "' " «%#5 '#& », 2017. 70 E.

ISBN 978-5-7937-1451-8

'K95AB9 CBEB5<9 CB 8<EJ<C?<A9 « E9@<DAB9 >G?PFGDAB9 A4E?98<9» CD98A4;A4K49FES 8?S B5GK4RM<IES BKAB= < ;4BKAB= HBD@ B5GK9A<S A4CD46?9A<= CB87BFB6>< 50.03.04 – EFBD<S <E>GEEF64 (CDBH<?P: 'D54A<EF<K9E>B9 <E>GEEF6B). $4;D45BF4AB CB

@4F9D<4?4@ >4H98DO <EFBD<< < F9BD<< 8<;4=A4 < @98<4>B@@GA<>4J<= 6 EBBF69FEF6<< E FD95B64A<S@< ( "% " < "## GA<69DE<F9F4.

'K95AB9 CBEB5<9 BI64FO649F @9:8<EJ<C?<A4DAGR B5?4EFP < EB89D:<F 79B7D4- H<K9E><9, <EFBD<K9E><9, >G?PFGDB?B7<K9E><9, <E>GEEF6B698K9E><9 ;A4A<S, BC<EO649F

6O84RMGRES GA<69DE4?PAGR J9AABEFP B5N9>FB6 A4E?98<S >4> H9AB@9AB6 B5M9K9?B69K9E>B= >G?PFGDO. "D<9AF4J<S 6 84AAB= B5?4EF< A9B5IB8<@4 8?S EC9J<4?<EFB6 6E9I B5- ?4EF9= >G?PFGDO 8?S 489>64FAB7B D9L9A<S HGA>J<BA4?PAOI ;484K D4;AOI A4CD46?9A<=, CBE>B?P>G 6E9 4>FG4?PAO9 ;484K< < C9DEC9>F<6AO9 C?4AO 8B?:AO GK<FO64FP >B@C?9>E ID4ASM<IES 6 EBJ<B>G?PFGDAB= C4@SF< K9?B69K9EF64 B5N9>FB6 4DF9H4>FB6, <89=, 8BEF<:9A<=.

4:84S 7?464 EB89D:<F F9>EFB6O= @4F9D<4? CB <;GK49@B= F9@9 < ;4>4AK<649FES >BAFDB?PAO@< 6BCDBE4@< < EC<E>B@ D9>B@9A8G9@B= ?<F9D4FGDO.

 

' 008:719(075.8)

 

79.0:71.08S73

ISBN 978-5-7937-1451-8

( "' " «%#5 '#& », 2017

 

". . +G8BE69FB64, 2017

2

" !

 

6989A<9&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.&&&..&

5

%B89D:4A<9 8<EJ<C?<AO&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

6

&9@4 1. #4@SFA<> >4> EBJ<B>G?PFGDAO= H9AB@9A&&&&&&.&&&&&

6

BAFDB?PAO9 6BCDBEO&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&..

8

$9>B@9A8G9@4S GK95A4S ?<F9D4FGD4&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.&

9

&9@4 2. "ID4AA4S >?4EE<H<>4J<S C4@SFA<>B6, 99 I4D4>F9D<EF<><

 

< BEB59AABEF< <ECB?P;B64A<S&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

9

BAFDB?PAO9 6BCDBEO&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 11

$9>B@9A8G9@4S GK95A4S ?<F9D4FGD4&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 11

&9@4 3. #BASF<9 GA<>4?PAB= F9DD<FBD<< >4> J9?BEFAB7B

 

CDBEFD4AEF69AAB7B B5N9>F4&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 12

BAFDB?PAO9 6BCDBEO&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 15

$9>B@9A8G9@4S GK95A4S ?<F9D4FGDO&&&&&&&&&&&&&&...

15

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

&9@4 9. 'E48P54 >4> C4@SFA<> >G?PFGDO&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.& 35BAFDB?PAO9 6BCDBEO&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.. 39

$9>B@9A8G9@4S GK95A4S ?<F9D4FGD4&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 39 &9@4 10. &9BD<S A4GKAB= D9EF46D4J<<&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 39BAFDB?PAO9 6BCDBEO&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.&. 43 $9>B@9A8G9@4S GK95A4S ?<F9D4FGD4&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 43 &9@4 11. !4GKAO9 B5M9EF64 < >G?PFGDAB9 A4E?98<9 6 $BEE<<&&&&&&.. 44BAFDB?PAO9 6BCDBEO&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 48 $9>B@9A8G9@4S GK95A4S ?<F9D4FGD4&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 48

&9@4 12. "EB59AABEF< 6E9@<DAB7B >G?PFGDAB7B A4E?98<S

A4 EB6D9@9AAB@ QF4C9&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 49

BAFDB?PAO9 6BCDBEO&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&..& 54 $9>B@9A8G9@4S GK95A4S ?<F9D4FGD4&&&&&&&&&&&&&&... 544>?RK9A<9&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&. 55 #D<?B:9A<9 . %C<EB> F9D@<AB6&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&..&. 57

3

#D<?B:9A<9 . 4F97BD<< BID4AS9@OI F9DD<FBD<= 9:8GA4DB8AO@

 

EBR;B@ BID4AO CD<DB8O&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&..

58

#D<?B:9A<9 . 9:8GA4DB8A4S I4DF<S CB BID4A9 <EFBD<K9E><I

 

7BDB8B6....................................................................................................................

61

#D<?B:9A<9 . $9>B@9A84J<< CB EBID4A9A<R >D4EBFO < I4D4>F9D4

C9=;4:9= < @9EFABEF9=&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.. 64

4

!

*9?P 8<EJ<C?<AO:

EHBD@<DB64FP >B@C9F9AJ<< B5GK4RM97BES 6 B5?4EF< EBID4A9A<S >G?PFGDAB7B BF9K9EF69AAB7B < ;4DG59:AB7B >G?PFGDAB7B A4E?98<S, >BAEFDG>F<6AB <E- CB?P;GS BEAB6O GD54A<EF<K9E>B7B <E>GEEF64.

484K< 8<EJ<C?<AO:

D4EE@BFD9FP ;A4K9A<9 69M9EF69AAOI C4@SFA<>B6 < EBID4A9A<S >G?P- FGDO >4> ECBEB54 C9D984K< >G?PFGDAB= <AHBD@4J<<;

D4EE@BFD9FP >?4EE<H<>4J<R B5N9>FB6 BF9K9EF69AAB7B < ;4DG59:AB7B >G?PFGDAB7B A4E?98<S 6 <EFBD<K9E>B= 8<A4@<>9;

<;GK<FP <EFBD<R, F9BD<R < @9FB8B?B7<R EBID4A9A<S < <ECB?P;B64A<S >G?PFGDAB7B A4E?98<S;

CDB4A4?<;<DB64FP BF89?PAO9 D4;89?O D97<BA4?PAOI CDB7D4@@ EBID4A9- A<S < <ECB?P;B64A<S >G?PFGDAB7B A4E?98<S.

D9;G?PF4F9 B5GK9A<S EFG89AF 8B?:9A B5?484FP E?98GRM<@< CDBH9EE<B- A4?PAO@< >B@C9F9AJ<S@<:

– ;A4FP <EFBD<K9E>GR C9D<B8<;4J<R BID4AO >G?PFGDAB7B A4E?98<S, EBBF69FEF6GRMGR CBFD95ABEFS@, J9?S@ < <AF9D9E4@ B5M9EF64; G@9FP 4A4?<;<DB64FP

<>D<F<K9E>< D4EE@4FD<64FP IG8B:9EF69AAO9 8BEFB<AEF64 B5N9>FB6 >G?PFGDAB7B A4E?98<S 6 >BAF9>EF9 <EFBD<K9E>B7B D4;6<F<S B5M9EF64; 4A4?<;<DB64FP A4CD46- ?9A<9 7BEG84DEF69AAB= >G?PFGDAB= CB?<F<>< 6 D9L9A<< CDB5?9@O EBID4A9A<9 C4@SFA<>B6 4DI<F9>FGDO < <E>GEEF64, <ECB?P;B64A<S >G?PFGDAB7B A4E?98<S; 6?4- 89FP A46O>4@< CDBF<6B89=EF6<S CDBS6?9A<S@ 64A84?<;@4 < A9@BF<6<DB64AAB= 47D9EE<6ABEF< E J9?PR D9L<FP CDB5?9@O EBID4A9A<S C4@SFA<>B6 4DI<F9>FGDO < <E>GEEF64, IG8B:9EF69AAB7B A4E?98<S; A46O>4@< BD74A<;4J<< B5M9EF69AAB7B @A9A<S, D4;6<F<9@ 7D4:84AE><I <A<J<4F<6, E6S;4AAOI E D9L9A<9@ CDB5?9@O EBID4A9A<S C4@SFA<>B6 4DI<F9>FGDO < <E>GEEF64, <ECB?P;B64A<S >G?PFGDAB7B A4E?98<S (" -2);

–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

– 6?489FP A46O>B@ BJ9A>< DB?< 7BDB84 >4> EBJ<B>G?PFGDAB7B H9AB@9A4 6 CDBJ9EE9 D4;6<F<S <EFBD<< <E>GEEF64; A46O>4@< D4;D45BF>< CDB7D4@@O CB EBID4A9A<R < D4;6<F<R >G?PFGDAB7B A4E?98<S; BCOFB@ ED46A<F9?PAB7B 4A4?<;

5

B5N9>FB6 >G?PFGDAB7B A4E?98<S 6 EBBF69FEF6<< E CBA<@4A<9@ 86<:GM<I E<?, ;4- >BAB@9DABEFS@< <EFBD<K9E>B7B CDBJ9EE4 < CDBJ9EE4 D4;6<F<S <EFBD<< <E>GEEF64, CB?<F<K9E>B= BD74A<;4J<< B5M9EF64 (# -5);

–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

BD74A<;4J<S@<, 89=EF6GRM<@< 6 EH9D9 EBID4A9A<S C4@SFA<>B6 4DI<F9>FGDO < <E>GEEF64, IG8B:9EF69AAB7B A4E?98<S (# -13).

%" $ ! %& # !/

&9<4 1. #4<яB=8: :4: A>F8>:C;LBC@=K9 D9=><9=

"5N9>FO >G?PFGDAB7B A4E?98<S CD<A48?9:4F > K<E?G 59EJ9AAOI < A96BECB?A<@OI 6?489A<= K9?B69K9EF64 6 J9?B@. G?PFGDAO@ A4E?98<9@ EK<F4RFES FD< 6<84 8BEFBSA<=: C4@SFA<><, 4AE4@5?< < 8BEFBCD<@9K4F9?PAO9 @9EF4. DB@9 FB7B, 6O89?SRFES F4><9 >4F97BD<< 6E9@<DAB7B A4E?98<S, >4> 7BDB84, 89D96A< <

>G?PFGDAO9 ?4A8L4HFO. "5N9>FO, 6A9E9AAO9 6 EC<EB> 6E9@<DAB7B A4E?98<S, <@9RF 6O84RMGRES GA<69DE4?PAGR J9AABEFP, S6?SRFES CB8?<AAO@< < G8B6?9- F6BDSRF B8AB@G <; E?98GRM<I L9EF< >D<F9D<96. 4:8O= B5N9>F 8B?:9A:

1)CD98EF46?SFP EB5B= L9896D F6BDK9E>B7B 79A<S K9?B69>4;

2)<?< 89@BAEFD<DB64FP 6;4<@AO= B5@9A K9?B69K9E><@< J9AABEFS@< 6 F9K9A<9 8?<F9?PAB7B C9D<B84 6D9@9A< ?<5B A4 5B?PLB= F9DD<FBD<< 6 B5?4EF< 4D- I<F9>FGDO, F9IAB?B7<<, @BAG@9AF4?PAB7B <E>GEEF64, 7D48BEFDB9A<S ?<5B HBD- @<DB64A<S ?4A8L4HFB6;

3)<?< S6?SFPES GA<>4?PAO@ <?< <E>?RK<F9?PAB 64:AO@ E6<89F9?PEF6B@ EGM9EF6GRM9= <?< <EK9;AG6L9= >G?PFGDAB= FD48<J<< <?< J<6<?<;4J<<;

4)<?< S6?SFPES 6O84RM<@ES CD<@9DB@ >4>B7B-?<5B F<C4 EBBDG:9A<= ?<5B 4DI<F9>FGDAB7B, ?<5B F9IAB?B7<K9E>B7B 4AE4@5?S, ?<5B ?4A8L4HF4, >BFB-

DO= <??REFD<DG9F 64:AGR EFGC9AP (EFGC9A<) K9?B69K9E>B= <EFBD<<;

5)<?< S6?SFPES 6O84RM<@ES CD<@9DB@ FD48<J<BAAOI CBE9?9A<= ?<5B <E- CB?P;B64A<S ?4A8L4HF4, I4D4>F9DAOI 8?S A9>BFBDOI >G?PFGD, BEB59AAB 6 F9I

6

E?GK4SI, >B784 QF4 >G?PFGD4 EF4AB6<FES GS;6<@B= CB8 6?<SA<9@ A9B5D4F<@OI <;- @9A9A<=;

6) <?< S6?SFPES CDS@B ?<5B >BE69AAB E6S;4AAO@ E EB5OF<S@<, FD48<J<S@<,

<89S@<, 69DB64A<S@< ?<5B F6BDK9E><@< 4>F4@<, <@9RM<@< 5B?PLB9 B5M9K9?B69K9E>B9 ;A4K9A<9 (#B QFB@G >D<F9D<R ;4A9E9A<9 8BEFBSA<S 6 %C<EB> CDB<;6B8<FES FB?P>B 6 <E>?RK<F9?PAOI B5EFBSF9?PEF64I < 6@9EF9 E 8DG7<@< >D<F9D<S@<.).

8BCB?A9A<9 > C9D9K<E?9AAO@ BEAB6AO@ >D<F9D<S@ 8?S ;4A9E9A<S 6 EC<- EB> 6E9@<DAB7B A4E?98<S B5N9>FO >G?PFGDAB7B A4E?98<S 8B?:AO G8B6?9F6BDSFP 86G@ 8BCB?A<F9?PAO@ GE?B6<S@ EBID4AABEF< < GCD46?9A<S:

1) BF69K4FP GE?B6<S@ CB8?<AABEF< 8<;4=A4, @4F9D<4?4, @4EF9DEF64 < D4ECB?B:9A<S;

2) <@9FP EBBF69FEF6GRMGR ;4>BAB84F9?PAGR <?< 8B7B6BDAGR <?< FD48<- J<BAAGR ;4M<FG < @9I4A<;@O GCD46?9A<S, B59EC9K<64RM<9 EBID4AABEFP >G?P- FGDAB7B 8BEFBSA<S <?< >G?PFGDAB7B ?4A8L4HF4, CD98EF46?S9@B7B 8?S ;4A9E9A<S 6 QFBF EC<EB>.

#4@SFA<> 4DI<F9>FGDO. %B89D:4A<9 CBASF<= «C4@SFA<> 4DI<F9>FGDO» < «D9EF46D4J<S» @9AS?BEP 6B 6D9@9A<. #BASF<S QF<, 6B;A<>AG6 ED46A<F9?PAB CB;8AB, FD4>FB64?<EP CB-D4;AB@G 6 ;46<E<@BEF< BF H<?BEBHE><I, IG8B:9EF69A-

AOI < <AOI CD98EF46?9A<= >4:8B7B BF89?PAB7B C9D<B84, CD< QFB@ BA< <@9?< F9A89AJ<R EF4AB6<FPES 5B?99 E?B:AO@<, B5B74M4FPES ;4 EK9F 6E9 5B?99 < 5B?99 @AB7BEFBDBAA97B GK9F4 E6S;9=, 6B;A<>4RM<I @9:8G 4DI<F9>FGDAO@ CDB<;6989- A<9@ CDBL?B7B < @<DB@ K9?B69>4 AB6B7B 6D9@9A<.

D4;AOI 96DBC9=E><I EFD4A4I 8?S B5B;A4K9A<S FB7B, KFB @O A4;O649@ «C4- @SFA<>B@ 4DI<F9>FGDO», CD<@9ASRFES F9D@<AO – «C4@SFA<>» <?< «<EFBD<K9-

E><= C4@SFA<>», «4DI<F9>FGDAO= C4@SFA<>». C9D6OI 89>D9F4I EB69FE>B= 6?4- EF< CD<@9AS?ES F9D@<A «C4@SFA<>< EF4D<AO < <E>GEEF64», 4 6 A4EFBSM99 6D9@S 6 CBASF<9 «C4@SFA<>4 4DI<F9>FGDO» 6>?RK9AB 5B?99 L<DB>B9 CBASF<9 C4@SFA<- >B6 <EFBD<< < >G?PFGDO. 1F< F9D@<AO, CD9:89 6E97B, BFD4:4RF 86BS>GR J9AABEFP EBBDG:9A<=, BFABE<@OI A4@< > D4;DS8G C4@SFA<>B6, – <EFBD<K9E>GR < IG8B:9EF69AAGR. +FB5O CD98EF46<FP E959 6ER CB?ABFG ;A4K9A<S C4@SFA<>B6 8?S EB6D9@9AAB7B K9?B69>4, F4>B7B D4;89?9A<S 9M9 A98BEF4FBKAB, CBE>B?P>G >4:84S <; QF<I 86GI BEAB6AOI EFBDBA J9AABEF< C4@SFA<>B6 84?9>B A9 Q?9@9AF4DA4,

CD98EF46?SS 69EP@4 E?B:AB9 EBK9F4A<9 D4;?<KAOI 4EC9>FB6.

&4>, <EFBD<K9E>4S J9AABEFP CDBS6?S9FES A9 FB?P>B 6 CB;A464F9?PAB@ C?4-

A9, AB < 6 C?4A9 Q@BJ<BA4?PAB@. &B, KFB 84AA4S CBEFDB=>4 – E6<89F9?P EB5OF<= ?<5B BK9AP BF84?9AAOI, ?<5B ;A4K<F9?PAOI 8?S <EFBD<< < >G?PFGDO 84AAB= @9EFABEF<, EFD4AO <?< K9?B69K9EF64 6 J9?B@, CD<849F 9= BEB5B9 ;A4K9A<9 6 7?4- ;4I EB6D9@9AA<>B6. 1F4 EFBDBA4 J9AABEF< EF4DOI EBBDG:9A<= BFD4:9A4 6 « 4- >BA9 B5 BID4A9 < <ECB?P;B64A<< C4@SFA<>B6 <EFBD<< < >G?PFGDO», BEB5B= >4F97BD<< C4@SFA<>B6, F4> A4;O649@OI «C4@SFA<>B6 <EFBD<<». «C4@SFA<>4@ <EFB- D<<» @B7GF BFABE<FPES EBBDG:9A<S, A9 <@9RM<9 4DI<F9>FGDAB-IG8B:9EF69AAB=

J9AABEF< < CD98EF46?SRM<9 <AF9D9E FB?P>B >4> A4CB@<A4A<9 B5 BCD989?9AAOI <EFBD<K9E><I EB5OF<SI <?< ?<J4I. "8A4>B QF4 BEB54S J9AABEFP A9 @9A99 K4EFB

7

D4ECDBEFD4AS9FES < A4 IG8B:9EF69AAB J9AAO9 ;84A<S, 6A9E9AAO9 6 7BEG84DEF69AAO9 EC<E>< CB8 DG5D<>B= «C4@SFA<>< 4DI<F9>FGDO». &4>, A4CD<@9D, 'EC9AE><= EB5BD BE>B6E>B7B D9@?S, CBEFDB9AAO= D<EFBF9?9@ (PBD464AF<, S6?S9FES A9

FB?P>B 6O84RM<@ES C4@SFA<>B@ ;B8K9EF64, AB < 64:A9=L<@ C4@SFA<>B@ EF4AB6?9A<S DGEE>B= 7BEG84DEF69AABEF<. AE4@5?P C4@SFA<>B6 *4DE>B9 %9?B E6S- ;4A E <@9A4@< #GL><A4 < @AB7<I 8DG7<I 89SF9?9= DGEE>B= >G?PFGDO < J9A9A 8?S ?R89= QFB= C4@SFPR A9 @9APL9, K9@ 6OEB><@< IG8B:9EF69AAO= 8BEFB<AEF64@<. "EB5GR >4F97BD<R C4@SFA<>B6 CD98EF46?SRF EBBDG:9A<S, 6B;698ёAAO9 6 C4@SFP BCD989?9AAB7B EB5OF<S (FD<G@H4?PAO9 4D><, B59?<E><, ID4@O-C4@SFA<>< < F.

C.). 1F< C4@SFA<>< BFABESFES > >4F97BD<< «C4@SFA<>B6 @9@BD<4?PAB7B <E>GEEF64», >DB@9 QFB7B <@99FES >4F97BD<S «C4@SFA<>B6 @BAG@9AF4?PAB7B <E>GEEF64 < 4DI<F9>FGDO», DG<A<DB64AAO9 B5N9>FO BFABESFES > >4F97BD<< «C4@SFA<>B6 4DI9B?B7<< < 4DI<F9>FGDO», >B@C?9>EO < 4AE4@5?< 4DI<F9>FGDAOI C4@SFA<>B6, 7BDB84 – 4DI<F9>FGDAO9 ;4CB698A<><, <EFBD<K9E><9 D4=BAO 7BDB84 – > >4F97BD<< C4@SFA<>B6 «7D48BEFDB<F9?PEF64 < 4DI<F9>FGDO». &4>:9 EGM9EF6GRF < 8DG7<9 >4F97BD<<. F4>, «C4@SFA<>» – QFB 4DI<F9>FGDAO= B5N9>F, ABE<F9?P EC9J<H<K9-

E>B= <AHBD@4J<<, E6<89F9?P BCD989?ёAAB= >G?PFGDO < <E>GEEF64 CDBL?B7B. 1F4 <AHBD@4J<S B5?4849F @AB7BEFBDBAABEFPR < CDBS6?S9FES 6 D4;?<KAOI EH9D4I, KFB CB;6B?S9F D4EE@4FD<64FP C4@SFA<> >4> EC9J<H<K9E><= < >B@C?9>EAO= <EFB- D<K9E><= <EFBKA<>.

%C9J<H<>4 4DI<F9>FGDO >4> <E>GEEF64, 6>?RK4RM97B 6 E95S <A:9A9DAB-

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

E9 C9D9K<E?9AAO9 EFBDBAO ;A4K9A<S C4@SFA<>4 >4> <EFBD<K9E>B7B <EFBK- A<>4 89=EF6<F9?PAO CD< D4EE@BFD9A<< A9 FB?P>B K4EF9= C4@SFA<>4, BFABES- M<IES >B 6D9@9A< 97B 6B;A<>AB69A<S, AB < >B 6E9@ CB;8A9=L<@ A4E?B9A<S@, >4:8B9 <; >BFBDOI @AB7BEFBDBAA9 BFD4:49F BEB59AABEF< E6B9= <EFBD<K9E>B= QCBI<.

КBAFDB?PAO9 6BCDBEO

1.4><9 EBBDG:9A<S @B7GF BFABE<FPES > >4F97BD<< «C4@SFA<>»?

2.4><9 EFDB<F9?PAO9 D45BFO A4;O64RFES «$9EF46D4J<BAAO@<»?

3.4><9 EC9J<H<K9E><9 BEB59AABEF< <@9RF D45BFO CB D9EF46D4J<< C4@SF- A<>B6?

4.!4;B6<F9 >D<F9D<< BJ9A>< C4@SFA<>B6 <EFBD<< < >G?PFGDO.

5.4><9 CDB5?9@O CD<IB8<FES D9L4FP 4DI<F9>FBD4@-7D48BEFDB<F9?S@ CD<

D9>BAEFDG>J<< 8D96A<I <EFBD<K9E><I 7BDB8B6?

8

9>B@9A8G9@4O GG95A4O ?<F9D4FGD4

1. 9?S964, . . G?PFGDA4S <AF97D4J<S >4> BEAB6A4S EFD4F97<S >G?PFGDAB= CB?<F<>< 6DBC9=E>B7B EBR;4 [1?9>FDBAAO= D9EGDE]: @BAB7D4H<S / . . 9- ?S964. – 1?9>FDBA. F9>EFB6O9 84AAO9. – .: #DB@9F9=, 2012. 98 c. – $9:<@ 8BEFGC4: http://www.iprbookshop.ru/23995. – 1 % «IPRbooks».

2. BDB8>B6, . . DI<F9>FGD4, CDB9>F<DB64A<9 < BD74A<;4J<S >G?PFGDAOI ?4A8L4HFB6 [1?9>FDBAAO= D9EGDE]: GK95. CBEB5<9 / . . BDB8>B6. – 1?9>- FDBA. F9>EFB6O9 84AAO9. – %#5.: #DBEC9>F !4G><, 2013. 416 c. – $9:<@ 8BEFGC4:

http://www.iprbookshop.ru/35887. – 1 % «IPRbooks».

3.G?PFGDAB9 A4E?98<9 B?7B7D48E>B= B5?4EF< [1?9>FDBAAO= D9EGDE]: GK95. CBEB5<9 / ". . 4?>B64 [< 8D.]. – 1?9>FDBA. F9>EFB6O9 84AAO9. – B?7B7D48:B?7B7D48E><= 7BEG84DEF69AAO= EBJ<4?PAB-C9847B7<K9E><= GA<69DE<F9F, «#9- D9@9A4», 2014. – 220 c. – $9:<@ 8BEFGC4: http://www.iprbookshop.ru/40761. – 1 % «IPRbooks».

4.B5:4A<8;9, . . 1FAB>G?PFGDAO9 D97<BAO @<D4 [1?9>FDBAAO= D9EGDE]:

GK95. CBEB5<9 / . . B5:4A<8;9, . . 4SJ. – 1?9>FDBA. F9>EFB6O9 84AAO9. – .: #DB@9F9=, 2013. – 240 c. – $9:<@ 8BEFGC4: http://www.iprbookshop.ru/18640. – 1 % «IPRbooks».

5. <DBAB64, &. !. @C9D4F<6O EB6D9@9AAB7B B5M9EF64. %BID4A9A<9 >G?P- FGDAB7B < CD<DB8AB7B A4E?98<S [1?9>FDBAAO= D9EGDE]: GK95. CBEB5<9 / &. !. <- DBAB64. – 1?9>FDBA. F9>EFB6O9 84AAO9. – .: BE>B6E><= 7G@4A<F4DAO= GA<69DE<- F9F, 2013. – 166 c. – $9:<@ 8BEFGC4: http://www.iprbookshop.ru/22457. – 1 % «IPRbooks».

6.G;996989A<9 < <EFBD<>B->G?PFGDAB9 A4E?98<9 [1?9>FDBAAO= D9EGDE]: E5. EF4F9=. OC. IV / . . G?9@;<A [< 8D.]. – 1?9>FDBA. F9>EFB6O9 84AAO9. –

9@9DB6B: 9@9DB6E><= 7BEG84DEF69AAO= GA<69DE<F9F >G?PFGDO < <E>GEEF6,

2012. 162 c. – $9:<@ 8BEFGC4: http://www.iprbookshop.ru/22033. – 1 %

«IPRbooks».

7.$9>BAEFDG>J<S < D9EF46D4J<S C4@SFA<>B6 <EFBD<< < >G?PFGDO [1?9>- FDBAAO= D9EGDE]: E5. ABD@4F<6AOI 4>FB6 < 8B>G@9AFB6 [1?9>FDBA. F9>EFB6O9 84AAO9]. – %4D4FB6: = #< 1D 98<4, 2015. – 264 c. – $9:<@ 8BEFGC4:

http://www.iprbookshop.ru/30266. – 1 % «IPRbooks».

&9<4 2. "E@4==4я :;4AA8D8:4F8я ?4<яB=8:>6, 99 E4@4:B9@8AB8:8 8 >A>59==>AB8 8A?>;L7>64=8я

#4@SFA<>4@< <EFBD<< < >G?PFGDO @B7GF S6?SFPES 8D96A<9 EBBDG:9A<S, C4- @SFAO9 @9EF4 < CD98@9FO, E6S;4AAO9 E <EFBD<K9E><@< EB5OF<S@< 6 :<;A< A4DB84, >BFBDO9 <@9RF <EFBD<K9E>GR, A4GKAGR, IG8B:9EF69AAGR <?< <AGR >G?PFGDAGR J9AABEFP.

#4@SFA<>< <EFBD<< – QFB ;84A<S, EBBDG:9A<S, C4@SFAO9 @9EF4, E6S;4AAO9 E 64:A9=L<@< <EFBD<K9E><@< EB5OF<S@< 6 :<;A< A4DB84, E :<;APR 6O84R- M<IES ?<KABEF9=, A4DB8AOI 79DB96, 89SF9?9= A4G><, ?<F9D4FGDO, <E>GEEF64.

9

#4@SFA<>< 4DI9B?B7<< – QFB 8D96A<9 7BDB8<M4, >GD74AO, BEF4F>< 8D96A<I CBE9?9A<=, G>D9C?9A<=, CDB<;6B8EF6, ;4IBDBA9A<S, >4@9AAO9 <;64SA<S, A4E>4?P- AO9 <;B5D4:9A<S, GK4EF>< <EFBD<K9E>B7B >G?PFGDAB7B E?BS 8D96A<I A4E9?ёAAOI CGA>FB6.

#4@SFA<>< 4DI<F9>FGDO, 7D48BEFDB<F9?PEF64 – QFB EBBDG:9A<S 7D4:84A- E>B=, CDB@OL?9AAB=, 6B9AAB=, >G?PFB6B= 4DI<F9>FGDO, <A:9A9DAB7B <E>GEEF64, 4 F4>:9 4DI<F9>FGDAO9 4AE4@5?<, <EFBD<K9E><9 J9AFDO, >64DF4?O, G?<JO, C?B- M48<, BEF4F>< 8D96A9= C?4A<DB6>< < ;4EFDB=>< 7BDB8B6, 4 F4>:9 E6S;4AAO9 E A<@< C4@SFA<>< E48B6B-C4D>B6B7B <E>GEEF64, CD<DB8AB7B ?4A8L4HF4.

#4@SFA<>< <E>GEEF64 – QFB CDB<;6989A<S @BAG@9AF4?PAB7B, <;B5D4;<F9?P- AB7B, 89>BD4F<6AB-CD<>?48AB7B < <AOI 6<8B6 <E>GEEF64.

C4@SFA<>4@ <EFBD<< < >G?PFGDO @B7GF BFABE<FPES B5N9>FO >4> EBID4- A<6L<9ES J9?<>B@, F4> < A4IB8SM<9ES 6 DG<A<DB64AAB@ <?< HD47@9AF4DAB@ EBEFBSA<<. #4@SFA<>< <EFBD<< < >G?PFGDO @B7GF A4IB8<FPES 6 EB5EF69AABEF< 7BEG84DEF64, B5M9EF69AAOI < 8DG7<I BD74A<;4J<=, 4 F4>:9 6 ?<KAB= EB5EF69AABEF< 7D4:84A.

%ABE A986<:<@B7B C4@SFA<>4 <EFBD<< < >G?PFGDO @B:9F 5OFP BEGM9EF6- ?ёA FB?P>B CBE?9 97B <;GK9A<S < H<>E4J<< C4@SFA<>4 < FB?P>B 7BEG84DEF69AAO@< BD74A4@< BID4AO C4@SFA<>B6.

"7DB@AB9 >B?<K9EF6B C4@SFA<>B6 4DI<F9>FGDO, CB?GK<6L<I CD46B 7BEG84DEF69AAB= BID4AO, A9CD9DO6AB CBCB?AS9FES AB6O@<, 6OS6?9AAO@< 6 D9;G?P-

F4F9 B5E?98B64A<S 6 A4FGD9 < 4DI<6AOI <;OE>4A<=. %BEF46?SRFES EC<E>< C4@SF- A<>B6 < CDB<;6B8<FES <I >?4EE<H<>4J<S, CB E?98GRM<@ CD<;A4>4@:

IDBAB?B7<K9E>B@G. #4@SFA<>< 7DGCC<DGRFES CB EFB?9F<S@, BCD989?SR-

M<@ 6D9@S <I CBEFDB=><. ?S 8D96A9=L<I 4DI9B?B7<K9E><I C4@SFA<>B6 <AB784 59DGF < 5B?99 G>DGCA9AAO9 CB 6D9@9A< C9D<B8O. E?< CB8BID4AAO= B5N9>F EFDB- <?ES 6 F9K9A<9 8B?7B7B 6D9@9A<, 6OIB8SM97B ;4 7D4A<JO B8AB7B EFB?9F<S, 97B BFABESF > 7DGCC9 C4@SFA<>B6 CB 84F9 A4K4?4 97B 6B;6989A<S. CD989?4I EFB?9F<S C4@SFA<>< 6 EC<E>4I D4ECB?474RFES 6 CBE?98B64F9?PAB@ IDBAB?B7<K9E>B@ CBDS8>9 – E G>4;4A<9@ 84F A4K4?4 EFDB<F9?PEF64 < >DGCA9=L<I C9D9EFDB9>, 4 F4>:9, 9E?< 6B;@B:AB, 46FBDB6 EBBDG:9A<S, E6S;4AAOI E QF4C4@< D4;6<F<S C4@SFA<>4;

F9DD<FBD<4?PAB@G. #4@SFA<>< 7DGCC<DGRFES CB EFD4A4@ < D4=BA4@

6AGFD< A<I; CB B5?4EFS@, 7BDB84@ < D4=BA4@ >DGCAOI 7BDB8B6. D9;G?PF4F9 6O- D<EB6O649FES B5M4S >4DF<A4 <EFBD<< 6B;A<>AB69A<S < D4ECDBEFD4A9A<S, F9I <?< <AOI 6<8B6 EBBDG:9A<=, 6;4<@BE6S;< EFDB<F9?PAOI < IG8B:9EF69AAOI L>B?, KFB KD9;6OK4=AB 64:AB 8?S BCD989?9A<S @9EF4 C4@SFA<>4 6 B5M9= >4DF<A9 D4;- 6<F<S EB;<84F9?PAB= 89SF9?PABEF<;

<EFBD<>B-IG8B:9EF69AAB@G. A4L9= EFD4A9 C4@SFA<>< CB8D4;89?SRFES

A4 B5N9>FO H989D4?PAB7B < @9EFAB7B ;A4K9A<=. !9>BFBDO9 C4@SFA<>< H989D4?P- AB7B ;A4K9A<S @B7GF 6>?RK4FPES 6 EC<EB> 6E9@<DAB7B >G?PFGDAB7B A4E?98<S, >B- FBDB9 BID4AS9FES @9:8GA4DB8AO@< BD74A<;4J<S@< < CD<;A49FES B5M9K9?B69K9- E><@ >G?PFGDAO@ 8BEFBSA<9@;

@4ELF454@. 1FB 7BDB84-;4CB698A<><, D4=BAO 7BDB8B6, 7BDB8E><9 4AE4@- 5?<, 86BDJB6B-C4D>B6O9 >B@C?9>EO, ;4EFDB=>4 G?<J < A459D9:AOI, BF89?PAO9

10

Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]