Theory of English Phonetics = Теоретическая фонетика английского языка. Учебно-методическое пособие

INTONATION AND ITS COMPONENTS. ENGLISH INTONATION PATTERN. STYLISTIC USE OF INTONATION

1.Answer the following questions:

1.How is intonation defined?

2.What are the functions of intonation?

3.Speak on the components of intonation.

4.Define the term “rhythm unit”. What are the main rules of dividing an intonation group into rhythm units?

5.What parts does the intonation pattern consist of?

6.What part of an intonation pattern defines the communicative type of the sentence?

7.What are the main nuclear tones of English?

8.What types of scales are typical of the English language?

9.What information is conveyed by a) falling, b) rising tones?

2.Try to say ‘yes’ with different intonation and meaning.

3.Put the stress on different words in the sentence. How does it change the meaning?

I did not say you stole my red hat. I did not say you stole my red hat. I did not say you stole my red hat.

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THEORY OF ENGLISH PHONETICS | ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКАЯФОНЕТИКААНГЛИЙСКОГОЯЗЫКА

I did not say you stole my red hat.

I did not say you stole my red hat.

I did not say you stole my red hat.

I did not say you stole my red hat.

4.Listen to the poem. Write the lines in the correct column according to the stress pattern.

He saw her, he liked her face,

He asked her her name, she said it was Grace. She liked him, his name was Paul,

She gave him her number, he gave her a call.

He bought her a gift, he went to her flat.

She gave him a drink, she showed him her cat.

He liked her, but hated her cat.

He never returned, and that was that.

5.Write the phonemic transcription of the underlined words.

1.What am I doing?

2.Yes, I am.

3.Those shoes are lovely!

4.Yes, they are.

5.I’ll see you at the party.

6.What’re you looking at?

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Intonation and its components. English intonation pattern. Stylistic use of intonation

7.I can swim faster than you!

8.Oh yes I can!

6.Underline the word in B’s replies that you think is most likely to be prominent in each case.

1.A: Jean’s got three brothers. B: She’s got three sisters.

2.A: Have a good time in Paris this week. B: I’m going next week.

3.A: I thought the office was in West Newtown. B: It’s in East Newtown.

4.A: You’re at fifty-seven, aren’t you? B: We live at fifty-nine.

5.A: You said you’d be there at 8.00. B: I said I’d be there later.

6.A: Do you think leaving school at 1 6 was a mistake? B: lt was a big mistake.

7.A: I’ll see you in the office on Friday. B: But I work at home on Fridays.

8.A: We took the first on the left. B: You should have taken the first on the right.

7.Some of the pauses marked in the message below are unlikely to occur because they split fixed phrases and idioms. Cross out the pauses which should not be marked.

Hi Maggie || got your message | and your question about car repairs || sorry | but I haven’t got | a clue | the best person to contact is . . . | oh | it was on the tip | of my tongue | and my mind just | went blank || Peter Thomas | that was it || he’s a mine | of information | about that sort of thing || anyway | I’ll be over to see you | when I can | as soon as the doctor’s given me | a clean bill | of health || the new medication | is doing me | a power of good || so I’m hoping to be up | and about | in the next week or so || speak to you soon ||

8. Complete the sentences using given expressions. Read the sentences. Don’t stress these expressions.

the place, the stuff, the things, or anything, or someone, or wherever

1.Shegotthejobwithoutevenaninterview__________________.

2.You can buy them in a supermarket _____________________.

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THEORY OF ENGLISH PHONETICS | ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКАЯФОНЕТИКААНГЛИЙСКОГОЯЗЫКА

3.I used to work at the airport, but now I never go near _________.

4.I don’t like mice or rats. I’ve always been terrified of ________.

5.He’s staying with his cousin _____________________.

6.Hannah asked me to get some goat’s cheese, but I don’t know where to buy _______________________.

9.Decide whether the sentence indicates previously shared knowledge or not.

1.What’s your ̖name?

2.ʹWhat’s your ˌname?

3.ʹWhat ˌcolour is your ˌcar?

4.What ˈcolour is your ̖car?

5.You’re ̖French, ̖aren’t you?

6.You’re ̖French, ͵aren’t you?

10.Read the conversation. Say A’s part aloud, using a rising tone on each final phrase to check that B understands. Use a falling tone in B’s part to show that you agree or have understood.

A: The coach leaves at six, alright? B: Oˎkay.

A: From outside the museum, you know? B: Right.

A: You wanted two tickets, right? B: Yeah.

A: That’s $50, okay? B: Mhm.

A: It costs more at the weekend, you know? B: Mm.

A: ‘Cause we have to pay the driver more, you see? B: Uhuh.

11.Decide whether the question tags in B’s responses have a rising tone or a falling tone. Read the sentences.

1.A: I can do that easily. B: Oh, you can, can you?

2.A: We’ll have to wait ages for the bus. B: But they come every ten minutes, don’t they?

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Intonation and its components. English intonation pattern. Stylistic use of intonation

3.A: What a boring lecture. B: Yes, dull, wasn’t it?

4.A: Shame about the colour. B: What a hideous shade of purple, isn’t it?

5.A: Where do you want these boxes? B: Put them over there, would you?

6.A: I think there’s something wrong with the printer. B: You broke it, didn’t you?

7.A: Can I get a discount on these tickets? B: You’re a student, are you?

12.Analyze use of language (intonational style) of a person in different contexts. How does the age and sex of a speaker, his/her social status and role, formality of situation, purpose of communication reveal and reflect the context of communication? What is the degree of spontaneity of the speakers in every situation? You may choose a character of a film or a book or a really existing person. Prove the results of your investigation with video or audio materials.

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STANDARD ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION. SOCIAL AND TERRITORIAL VARIETIES OF ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION

1.Answer the following questions:

1.What is national standard pronunciation?

2.What is the history of the development of RP?

3.Who coined the term ‘Received Pronunciation’?

4.Enumerate the types of RP according to A. C. Gimson. What is the difference between them?

5.Speak on territorial variety of English pronunciation.

6.Comment on social variety of English pronunciation.

7.What do you know about Estuary English?

8.What linguistic characteristic features are adopted by RP?

2.What are the differences between RP and GA? Fill in the table below (Table 4).

Table 4

Differences between RP and GA

consonants

vowels

stress

intonation

3.Here is a text read aloud first by a British English speaker and then an American English speaker. Listen and note differences in pronunciation that you observe.

I was reading in a magazine the other day about how common obesity is now. Some new research has found that over forty percent of the population is overweight. Most people in this

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Standard english pronunciation. Social and territorial varieties of english pronunciation

survey said they’d rather drive than walk, and that it’s better to spend leisure time at home than outside. That’s understandable in the winter, I guess, but surely everyone can build some exercise into their daily schedule?

4.What regions of Britain are characterized by similar pronunciation of such words as luck and look?

5.In what region is the lake with a famous monster Nessy situated? How is the name of this lake pronounced a) by local residents, b) in the south of England?

6.Watch the videos, note down examples of the Scottish English pronunciation. https://yandex.ru/video/preview/17355031396504666372?rdr nd=820566 https://yandex.ru/video/preview/8454087500905575787?rdr nd=820566 https://yandex.ru/video/preview/16425487191815161901?rdr nd=820566

7.Watch the video, paying attention to features of the Irish Accent. https://yandex.ru/video/preview/4117281481049435840?rdr nd=820566

Find samples of the Irish English pronunciation. Analyze the speech and present the sample and the results of your analysis in class.

8.You will hear speakers with international accents of English from five countries (Poland, India, Japan, China, Spain) talking about their families. Listen and write the name of the country you think they are from.

Speaker 1 is from ____________________

Speaker 2 is from ____________________

Speaker 3 is from ____________________

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THEORY OF ENGLISH PHONETICS | ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКАЯФОНЕТИКААНГЛИЙСКОГОЯЗЫКА

Speaker 4 is from ____________________

Speaker 5 is from ____________________

9.You will hear the same text read three times: first by a speaker of BBC English, second by a speaker of Jamaican English, and third by a Polish speaker of English. Listen and note differences in pronunciation you observe.

The speaker of Jamaican English

… I already had cutlery and cups and saucers, and my brother gave me some new plates and bowls. I had to get quite a lot of furniture, too. I didn’t need a new bed, but I bought a nice old wooden table and some chairs for the sitting room…

Notes:

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

The Polish speaker of English

… I had to do quite a lot of decorating. I’ve wallpapered the bedroom and painted the bathroom so far, but there’s still quite a lot to do. But I’m in no hurry and I’m really enjoying it. It’s great having my o wn place at last.

Notes:

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

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Standard english pronunciation. Social and territorial varieties of english pronunciation

10.Listen to two learners of English called Laura and Kasia. Where are they from? Where are they working? Which parts of their pronunciation were difficult to understand?

11.The passage below concerns the question of language variety. Put the words from the box into the passage:

accent

the standard language of the nation territorial or area accents

the received standard pronunciation national pronunciation standard dialects

It is common knowledge that language exists in two forms: written and spoken. Any manifestation of language by means of speech is the result of a highly complicated series of events. The literary spoken form has its _______1________.

It may be well to state that every national variety of the language falls into territorial or regional ___2___. ____3____ are distinguished from each other by differences in pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary. We must make clear that, when we refer to varieties in pronunciation only, we use the word _____4_____. So local ____ 5____ may have many features of pronunciation in common and consequently are grouped into _______6_______. For certain geographical, economic, political and cultural reasons one of the dialects becomes ________7________ and its accent –

__________8__________.

12.Listen and notice how the speakers pronounce the letter R after a vowel. Cindy is American and Sue is English. They are playing a game: Cindy must try to explain an expression in English and Sue must try to guess what it is. The expression is ‘Finders keepers, losers weepers’.

Cindy: So the first word of this expression is finders. Sue: Ah, two words, is it?

Cindy: Ah, well it’s, so you’re looking for…

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THEORY OF ENGLISH PHONETICS | ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКАЯФОНЕТИКААНГЛИЙСКОГОЯЗЫКА

Sue: Finders keepers? No?

Cindy: Yeah, well that’s the first half.

Sue: Finders keepers.

Cindy: And what happens to the previous owner? Losers… Sue: Losers… lose? No! Losers… lost? Eh…

Cindy: Losers weepers!

13.Listen to the phrases spoken in four different accents: Southern English (RP), American, Australian, Scottish. Which are ‘silent R’ and which ‘R’ accents?

14. A New Zealand speaker said the sentences below and a Southern English speaker wrote them down wrongly because of the different accent. Correct the mistakes.

EXAMPLE: We need a new frying pen.

1.I set on the sofa and head a cup of coffee. ................................

2.The film was so said that everybody cried. ...............................

3.I saw an old men carrying a heavy beg. ....................................

4.My mum and dead decided to merry in 1970. ..........................

5.I wanted a nice ten but I got a bed sunburn instead. .................

15.Listen and decide if the speakers have Southern English or New Zealand accents.

16.Listen to a conversation between Mark and Shirley and fill in the missing words. Shirley is from Scotland.

Mark: How do you walk – fast or slow?

Shirley: I’d like to say medium, but my dog ……………… so slowly sometimes I have to …………….. …………………. to just be with her.

Mark: What time do you get up and go to bed?

Shirley: I ………………… to bed about midnight and I get up about nine …………………. .

Mark: How often do you go shopping?

Shirley: I ………………. like …………………. and try

………………….. to do it.

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