The Course of English for University Students (Step 4). Учебное пособие

to ride a horse – ездить, кататься на лошади

to ride a scooter, to scooter – ездить, кататься на самокате roller skating – кататься на роликах

skateboarding – катание на роликовой доске

yoga ['jәugә] – йога – a Hindu system of philosophy aiming at the mystical union of the self with the Supreme Being in a state of complete awareness and tranquillity through certain physical and mental exercises

to do /practise yoga – заниматься йогой to play badminton – играть в бадминтон

to play ping-pong /table tennis – играть в настольный теннис bowling – боулинг, игра в кегли

to bowl [bәul] – играть в шары, ходить в кегельбан gliding ['glaΙdΙŋ] – планерный спорт, планеризм hang gliding ['hæŋglaΙdΙŋ] – дельтапланеризм

sky diving – воздушная акробатика

parachuting ['pærә  utΙŋ] – прыжки с парашютом, парашютный спорт motor-racing – автогонки

motorcross – гонки на мотоциклах

canoe [kә'nu] – каноэ; челнок; байдарка (a light, narrow boat with pointed ends and no keel, propelled with a paddle or paddles)

kayak ['kaΙæk] – каяк, байдарка (a canoe of a type used originally by the Inuit, made of a light frame with a watertight covering having a small opening in the top to sit in)

to go sailing – ходить под парусом rowing ['rәuΙŋ] – гребля

white-water rafting ['r  ftΙŋ] – сплав на плотах yachting ['j tΙŋ] – парусный спорт

water skiing – катание на водных лыжах

SUP surfing (SUP – Standup paddleboarding) – катание на сапдосках

to go diving – заниматься подводным плаванием

scuba diving – погружение с аквалангом (is the activity of swimming underwater using special breathing equipment. The equipment consists of cylinders of air which you carry on your back and which are connected to your mouth by rubber tubes)

mask – маска для подводного плавания

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flippers – ласты

wet suit – костюм аквалангиста

snorkeling ['sn k(ә)l] – плавание с маской и трубкой wakeboarding ['weΙkb dΙŋ] – вейкбординг (the sport of riding on a

short, wide board resembling a surfboard and performing acrobatic manoeuvres while being towed behind a motor boat)

to go skiing – кататься на лыжах downhill skiing – горнолыжный спорт snowboarding ['snәub dΙŋ] – сноуборд cross-country skiing – равнинные лыжи ski slope – лыжный склон

ski lift – лыжный подъёмник

snow tubing ['t(j)ubΙŋ; ' t u-] – тюбинг, катание на ватрушках

e.g. It pulls you down a slope while you are riding on the tube, so it is very important that you are able to hold on tightly.

Crafts

craft – промысел, ремесло

creative pursuits – творческие занятия /стремления сrafts – урок труда

to practise a craft – заниматься ремеслом

to do crafts /to craft – заниматься трудом руками, ремесленным трудом

to handmake /to DIY (глагол, образованный от «do it yourself = DIY») – заниматься трудом руками, мастерить поделки

handicraft ['hændΙkr   ft] = handcraft – ремесло; ручная работа, искусство ремесленника, вещь ручной работы

making models – собирать модели aircraft modeling – авиамоделирование craftswoman – рукодельница, мастерица craftsman – мастер, ремесленник

knit – вязать спицами, плести, связывать, соединять knitting needles – вязальные спицы

crochet ['krәueΙ] – n. вязание крючком, вязаные крючком изделия, «кроше»; v. вязать крючком

crocheting ['krәueΙΙŋ] – вязание крючком hook – крючок для вязания

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beading – вышивка бисером

beadweaving, bead weaving – бисероплетение

weave [wiv] – wove /weaved – woven /weaved – ткать, плести embroidery [Ιm'br  Ιd(ә)rΙ], [em-] – вышивание

to embroider [Ιm'br  Ιdә], [em-] – вышивать, украшать вышивкой cross-stitching – вышивание крестиком

quilting [kwΙltΙŋ] – лоскутное шитьё, изготовление стёганых или лоскутных одеял

decoupage [ deΙku: 'pa] – декупаж – the art or process of decorating a surface with shapes or illustrations cut from paper, card, etc.

scrapbooking – скрапбукинг, наклеивание газетных или журнальных вырезок, картинок, фотографий – a hobby of mounting newspaper cuttings, pictures, etc. in a book or album of blank pages

to prepare papier-mâché [ pæpieΙ 'mæeΙ] – сделать папье-маше – a hard strong substance suitable for painting on, made of paper pulp or layers of paper mixed with paste, size, etc., and moulded when moist

macramé [mә'kramΙ] – макраме – a type of ornamental work made by knotting and weaving coarse thread into a pattern

jewellery making – собирание украшений soap boiling / making– мыловарение candle making – изготовление свечей dressmaking ['dres  meΙkΙŋ] – пошив одежды sewing [sәuΙŋ] – шитьё

to sew [sәu] – sewed – sewn /sewed – шить, пришивать sew over = sew up штопать, зашивать

pottery – 1) керамика, керамические изделия; фаянс; гончарные изделия 2) гончарная мастерская

potting – 1) производство глиняных или керамических изделий,

2)консервирование (продуктов),

3)посадка или пересадка растений в горшки

to engrave – гравировать; резать, вырезать (по камню, дереву, металлу)

engraving – гравирование, гравировка; гравюра

poker-work /pyrography /woodburning – выжигание по дереву carving – резьба по дереву

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woodworking – обработка древесины

carpentry ['k   p(ә)ntrΙ] – плотничные работы; плотничное дело colouring – раскрашивание

colouring book for adults – альбом для раскрашивания, раскраска painting by numbers – рисование по номерам

a paint-by-numbers kit – набор для рисования по номерам

to decorate smth. ['dekәreΙt] – расписывать, разрисовывать, украшать, оформлять – to make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc

Describing your likes / dislikes

Strong positive adjectives: fantastic, brilliant, terrific, great, wonderful, superb, marvellous.

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Dislikes

can't stand

to be one of the pet hates to detest

to be frightening indeed to get annoyed

to hate absolutely

not to be too keen on smth. to loathe

Strong negative adjectives: awful, dreadful, terrible.

Remember pairs of neutral – strong adjectives. Tired-exhausted, dirty-filthy, good-delicious, big-enormous,

small-tiny, angry-furious,

badawful, dreadful, terrible, goodfantastic, brilliant, terrific, great, wonderful, superb, marvellous.

–What are your hobbies?

–In my free time, I'm a bit of a bookworm to be honest. And I'm really into keeping fit. I try to do exercise around 5 times a week. I've recently taken up skipping, which I really enjoy. It's a great way to stay in shape and have fun.

Exercises

Ex. 1. Discuss these questions with a partner.

1How much free time do you usually have on weekdays?

2Is that enough for you? Or would you like to have more?

3Do you ever have to work late? Or study late into the night?

4How much free time do you have on weekends?

5Is that enough? Or would you like to have more?

6Do you like to sleep in on weekends?

7Do you like to hang out at home or go out when you have free time?

8What are some popular activities in your city that people do on the weekends?

9Do these activities change depending on the season?

10What do you think about mandatory 4-day work weeks?

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11Should employees be forced to work overtime (with extra pay) or should it be optional?

12Do you, "work to live," or "live to work?"

13If you have a partner, do you spend your free time differently now than when you were single?

Ex. 2.

a) Are any of these statements true for you?

1When I have free time, I like to do something useful with it.

2I work hard, so when I have a chance to relax I like to switch off completely.

3Although I only mean to watch one programme, I often end up spending the whole evening in front of the box.

4I do things on the spur of the moment without planning in advance.

b)Which of these activities would you consider a) useful b) a waste of time?

What are the 'time eaters' in your life? How much time do you spend on them? Do you ever try to cut down on this?

c) Comment on the saying: 'Lost time is never found again.' Benjamin Franklin

Ex. 3. a) Match six different activities which people like doing with the categories on the right.

b) Think of at least one more activity from each category.

Ex. 4. What do you like or dislike doing? Write at least one example of your likes and dislikes about the categories from above.

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sport

hobbies

books

clothes

music

animals

Ex. 5. Categorize hobbies on the left.

Ex. 6.

Go round the class and find someone who shares your likes / dislikes by telling about yourself first:

e.g. I really love… I don't like …

Then report back to the class. e.g. Both Mary and I love … Neither Andrew nor I like…

Ex. 7. Read the text and answer the questions after it.

Collecting Things

John Hill

John Hill shares his home with about 200 sewing machines. His passion began when he was searching for bits of second-hand furniture and kept seeing ‘beautiful old sewing machines that were next to nothing to buy’. He couldn’t resist them. Then a friend had a

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machine that wouldn’t work, so she asked John to look at it for her. At that stage, he was not an authority on the subject, but he worked on it for three days and eventually got it going. Later he opened up a small stand in a London market. ‘Most people seemed uninterested. Then a dealer came and bought everything I’d taken along. I thought, “Great! This is my future life.” But after that, I never sold another one there and ended up with a stall in another market which was only moderately successful.’ Nowadays, he concentrates on domestic machines in their original box containers with their handbooks. He is often asked if he does any sewing with them. The answer is that, apart from making sure that they work, he rarely touches them.

Will Smith

As a boy, Will Smith collected hundreds of vintage cameras, mostly from jumble sales and dustbins. Later, when the time came to buy his first house, he had to sell his valuable collection in order to put down a deposit. A few years after, he took up the interest again and now has over a thousand cameras, the earliest dating from 1860. Now Will ‘just cannot stop collecting’ and hopes to open his own photographic museum where members of the public will be able to touch and fiddle around with the cameras. Whilst acknowledging that the Royal Camera Collection in Bath is probably more extensive than his own, he points out that ‘so few of the items are on show there at the same time that I think my own personal collection will easily rival it.’

Kate Williams

Kate Williams is one of the foremost authorities on plastics in Britain. She has, in every corner of her house, a striking collection of plastic objects of every kind, dating from the middle of the last century and illustrating the complex uses of plastic over the years. Kate’s interest started when she was commissioned to write her first book. In order to do this, she had to start from scratch; so she attended a course on work machinery, maintaining that if she didn’t understand plastics manufacture then nobody else would. As she gathered the information for her book, she also began to collect pieces of plastic from every imaginable source: junk shops, arcades, and the cupboards of friends. She also collects ‘because it is vital to keep examples. We live in an age of throw-away items: phones, computers, hairdryers – they are all replaced so quickly.’

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Kate’s second book, Classic Plastics: from Bakelite to High Tech, is the first published guide to plastics collecting. It describes collections that can be visited and gives simple and safe home tests for identification. She admits that ‘plastic is a mysterious substance and many people are frightened of it. Even so, the band of collectors is constantly expanding.’

Jane Bruce

Jane Bruce already had twenty years of collecting one thing or another behind her when she started collecting ‘art deco’ fans in the 1990s. It happened when she went to an auction sale and saw a shoebox filled with them. Someone else got them by offering a higher price and she was very cross. Later, to her astonishment, he went round to her flat and presented them to her. ‘That was how it all started.’ There were about five fans in the shoe-box and since then they’ve been exhibited in the first really big exhibition of ‘art deco’ in America. The fans are not normally on show, however, but are kept behind glass. They are extremely fragile and people are tempted to handle them. The idea is to have, one day, a black-lacquered room where they can be more easily seen. Jane doesn’t restrict herself to fans of a particular period, but she will only buy a fan if it is in excellent condition. The same rule applies to everything in her house.

Questions

1Who had to re-start their collection?

2Who was misled by an early success?

3Who received an unexpected gift?

4Who admits to making little practical use of their collection?

5Who regrets the rapid disappearance of certain items?

6Who is aware that a fuller collection of items exists elsewhere?

7Who has a history of collecting different items?

8Who performed a favour for someone they knew?

9Who is a national expert on their subject?

10Who is aware that they form part of a growing group?

Ex. 8. Make a list of creative activities. Think of people in the arts (painters, sculptors, etc.) but also think of other occupations (architects, furniture makers, etc.) and of ordinary people that you know. Compare the list with other people in your class.

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Ex. 9. Have you ever tried writing stories or poems? Read an interview with P. D. James, a famous crime story writer. What points does she make about the creative process?

Interview

Interviewer: When you write a novel? do you know where you're going?

P. D. James: Yes, you must really if you're writing the classical detective story because it must be so carefully plotted and so carefully clued. I have schemes, I have charts, I have diagrams. It doesn't mean to say always get it right, but I do before I begin writing. But nevertheless what is so fascinating is how a book changes during the process of writing. The characters do change, they alter, and they reveal facets of their personality which are new to me. It seems to me that creative writing is a process of revelation really rather than of creativity in the ordinary sense. I feel that these people do exist in some kind of limbo of my imagination, really outside my conscious control and I'm getting in touch with them.

Interviewer: So do you dream them in a way?

PDJ: Well you move into their world and think constantly about them. If I can give an example with A Taste for Death, where the man who's murdered, Sir Paul Barone who as you know is a politician, a recently retired minister of the crown; the day on which he's murdered, he leaves his house early in the morning. It's known that he's going to an estate agent's to put it on the market and then no one knows what happens to him after that, of course, until it's early the next morning isn't it that his body is found, rather horribly murdered in the vestry of the church. And the police are interested in how he spent the day. And I was well on with the book before I knew where he'd been. I woke up early in the morning and knew exactly how he'd spent the time, and who it was he'd gone to see, and why he'd gone to see her. And there was that wonderful sense of thinking, 'Oh how silly, of course that's where he went. I ought to have known that.' Almost as if he'd been standing by the bed and saying, 'Well you might have known that that's what I would do,' and then I felt I knew him a little bit better.

Interviewer: When you're planning the basic structure, do you like to go away to be sure that you're by yourself?

PDJ: I need to be by myself, certainly. Absolutely. I can't even bear anybody else in the house. I don't mind much where I am, as long as I've got enough space to write, but I need absolute solitude.

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