Commercial Documentation in English. Учебное пособие

Unit 3. Debit and Сredit Сards

externally recorded account, so that machines accepting the card need no network connectivity) are in use throughout Europe since the mid–1990s, most notably in Germany (Geldkarte), Austria (Quick), and Belgium. In Austria and Germany, all current bank cards now include electronic purses.

In Russia, with the exception of VISA and Master Card, there are some local payment system based in general on Smart Card technology.

2. Answer the questions:

1.What are the difference between credit and debit cards?

2.What are the world famous brands of electronic cards?

3.What measures are taken by the banks to secure the protection of the consumers, using electronic cards?

4.What main ways of processing debit transactions are currently used?

3.Translate these sentences into English using words fro

the text:

1.Дебетовые карты – это пластиковые карты, предостав- ляющие возможность платежа при совершении покупки.

2.Кредитные карты предоставляют вам возможность оплатить покупку даже при отсутствии денег на вашем счете.

3.Дебетовые карты, связанные с чековыми счетами, ино- гда имеют двойное предназначение.

4.Трудность в использования дебетовых карт связана с необходимостью проведения электронной авторизации в точ- ке продажи.

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Commercial Documentation in English

5. Сделки, проведенные с помощью дебит – карт, могут требовать 2–3 дня для их проведения по банковскому счету.

4. Choose Russian equivalents to the following English expressions:

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UNIT 4.

Business Documents. Part 1

An Offer. Kinds of Offers

1. Read and translate the text:

An offer (a quotation) is a statement by the Sellers usually in written form expressing their wish to sell the goods. But it is not a legal document, i.e. if the Sellers for this or that reason decide not to sell, the Buyers have no legal remedy. An offer is only the first step in a contract.

Offers (quotations) will as a rule include the following information:

–the description of the goods offered (their quality, quantity),

–details of prices, discounts and terms of payment,

–the date or the time and the place of delivery.

There are two kinds of offers.

A free offer (sometimes called Voluntary offer) is made when Seller offers goods to regular customers without waiting for an enquiry and sends quotation to those who may be interested in the goods. These offers were formerly called offers without obligation. There must be an indication in such an offer that it is made subject to the goods being available when the order is received. The opening phrases in voluntary offers may be: «We think you will be interested in our quotation for the goods» or «We have pleasure in enclosing our latest catalogue (or the price–list of our products) ».

A firm offer is a promise to supply goods on the terms stated (i.e. at a stated price and within a stated period of time). This promise may be expressed in a letter in the following words: «We make you a firm offer for delivery by the middle of May at the price quoted» or in some other qualifying words like: «The offer is subject to acceptance within fourteen days», or «The offer is open for acceptance until the fifteenth of January».

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Commercial Documentation in English

The Sellers making a firm offer have the right to withdraw it at any time before it has been accepted. In practice, however, no reputable seller would risk his reputation by withdrawing his offer before the stated time.

2. Answer the questions:

1.What is the offer?

2.Can you explain the difference between a firm offer and a free one?

3.What rights does the Seller have in case of a firm offer?

The Specimen of Firm Offer

Offer of caviar

Moscow, 27th January, 200_ Dear Sirs,

Caviar of 200_ Preparation

1. We are obliged for your enquiry of 23dr January and have pleasure in offering you as follows:

Description and quantity: barreled Caviar in bulk of 200_ preparation, viz.:

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UNIT 4. Business Documents. Part 1

We reserve the right to increase or decrease each of these quantities by 15 per cent.

2.Quantity: First quantity in accordance with Government Standards of Russia and /or Rossexport’s standards. We undertake to submit, as Final proof of quality, certificates of the State Inspection of Russia for Quality.

3.Prices:

…per pound net for Beluga caviar. …ditto for Osetrova Caviar. …ditto for Pressed Caviar.

4.Terms of payment: in pound sterling net cash against shipping documents by irrevocable and confirmed Letter of Credit to be opened by you by cable in your favour with the Bank for Foreign Trade of Russia, Moscow, for the full value of each lot to be shipped under the contract. Each Letter of Credit is to be established within 3 days of receipt of our telegraphic advice of the readiness of the respective lot for shipment and is to be valid for 30 days.

5.Shipment: we could ship the goods from St. Peterburg in separate lots, when for shipment, and in assortment at your opinion, in the following approximate period:

In June – August, 200_, about 4,500 lbs.

In September – December, 200_, about 7,500 lbs.

Al the terms are stated in the enclosed Form of Contract.

This offer is subject to your acceptance within 6 days of this date. We look forward with interest to your reply.

Yours faithfully,

………………

Enclosure

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Commercial Documentation in English

The Specimen of Free Offer

Brown and Boots Chemicals

37, Oxford Road, Leicester, GB

Dear Sir,

If you are already aware of the quality of our new service consult our new catalogue now, you will find that our range of products has increased.

Even if you are not yet aware of Sarbel, one or more of our product will almost certainly interest you. In this case, allow us to introduce ourselves:

our suppliers are selected for the quality of their manufacture; our in–depth knowledge of product makes it possible to help

you choose the material best suited to your requirements;

our daily contracts with manufacturers guarantee that your specific needs are dealt with rapidly;

our after–sales service is in position to act at short notice.

In addition, our New York services is organized so as to locate and supply quickly the goods which are not available in France. When you have looked through our catalogue, do not hesitate to ask for further information by calling our office.

Yours faithfully,…

3. Translate the sentences into English using words fro the

text:

1.Предложение– этозаявлениепродавцаопродажетова- ра или предложении услуги.

2.Свободное предложение подразумевает, что продавец предлагает товар постоянным заказчикам без ожидания запро- са с их стороны.

3.Данное предложение остается открытым в течение од- ного месяца

4.Продавец, обладающий хорошей репутацией, не будет рисковать репутацией, отзывая предложение до указанного срока.

5.Продавец оставляет за собой право уменьшить или уве- личить количество товара в партии на 15%.

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UNIT 4. Business Documents. Part 1

4. Choose Russian equivalents to the following English expressions:

5. Write your own examples of a firm and free offers.

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UNIT 5.

Business Documents. Part 2

Contracts and their Features

1. Read and translate the text:

Contract is an agreement between the parties involved that creates a binding obligation. In general, contracts may be either oral or written. Certain clauses of contracts must be written and signed. These are contracts involving the sale and transfer of real estate, answering for the miscarriage, debt, or default of another person. A contract forms the basis of a transaction between the Buyers and the Sellers.

Essential Clauses of Contract

Some of the items are necessary in any contract: legal title of the contracting parties, subject of the contract, quality, price, delivery and payment terms. As a rule a contract contains a number of clauses, such as:

Subject of the Contract Quality and Price of goods Terms of Payment Delivery

Inspection and Test Guarantee

Packing and Marking Arbitration Transport

Insurance and other conditions.

Subject of the Contract

This section names the product for sale or purchase. It also indicates the unit of measure generally employed in foreign

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UNIT 5. Business Documents. Part 2

trade for specific commodities. Contracts for bulk cargo contain a stipulation «about» or «plus or minus… per cent», denoting the permitted quantity tolerance.

Quality and Price of Goods

The quality of machines and equipment is to be in conformity with the technical specification of the contract.

The quality of raw materials and foodstuffs is determined, as a rule, by standards, by sample or by description.

The price stated in a contract may be firm, fixed or sliding. Firm Price. Firm prices are not subject to change in the

course of the fulfilment of the contract.

Fixed Price. It is the price governing in the market on the day of delivery or for a given period.

Sliding Price. These prices are quoted for machinery and equipment which require a long period of delivery.

Arbitration

In case of a breach of contract the injured party may go to court to sue for money damages, or for the contract to be rescinded, for injunction, or for specific performance if money damages would not compensate for the breach. Specific performance of a contract is the right by one contracting party to have the other contracting party perform the contract according to the precise terms agreed therein.

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Commercial Documentation in English

2. Answer the questions:

1. Why are standard contracts widely used?

2. What are the essential items of the contract?

3. What information is contained in different sections of the contract?

4. How is quality determined in the contract?

5. What sort of prices may be indicated in the contract?

3. Look through the text and find the equivalents to the following terms:

– правовыесредствазащиты,

– описаниетовара,

– свободноепредложение,

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