Английский язык. Сборник контрольных работ для студентов II курса направления подготовки 270800.62 «Строительство» (заочной формы обучения)

IX. Выберите правильный ответ в соответствии с содержанием текста:

1.Where can we find nanomaterials? a) in our buildings;

b) оn other planets; c) in a river or a lake.

2.Why do we use self-cleaning glass? a) to clean windows with a brush;

b) to avoid expensive window washing; c) to create good appearance of a building.

3.What does solar-collecting fabric convert? a) sound waves into electricity;

b) heat insulation into electricity; c) solar radiation into electricity.

4.Is nanocomposite steel cheaper than conventional steel? a) Yes, it is. It can reduce installation costs.

b) No, it isn’t. It’s less corrosion resistant.

c) No, it isn’t. The quantity required to make a building may be up to

40% more than conventional steel.

5. How do nanomaterials influence construction?

a)They can pollute the environment.

b)They can increase energy costs.

c)They reduce building maintenance costs.

ВАРИАНТ 3

I. Подберите пары слов, имеющих сходное значение

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II. Соотнесите слово из левой колонки с соответствующим продолжением в правой

III. Перепишите предложения, сделав перевод слова или словосочетания из скобок

1.Steel is used for (каркасная конструкция) because it has high tensile and compressive strength.

2.A concrete (плита перекрытия) was put in place.

3.(Монолитный бетон) is strong, durable, stable, readily available and relatively economic in terms of construction.

4.The thickness of (фанера) used should not be less than 6 mm in this type of shutter.

5.It was the Romans who first fully realized the architectural potentialities of the (купол).

IV. Перепишите предложения, заменив выделенные слова данными ниже

1. Thanks to this project, small companies can manufacture affordable building materials locally, using their own resources.

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2.We have a problem with the air temperature in this room. It is too cold. This is because of inadequate thermal insulation.

3.They encouraged the research activities on approaches and methods with regard to building materials and construction technology.

4.The properties of concrete are directly related to those of its constituents.

5.That was a new method to treat cement-based building materials hydrothermally.

6.Reinforced concrete comes cheap and will support structures for a long amount of time, but it is considered to be less strong and durable than brick buildings.

7.Various building materials and auxiliary building materials can be manufactured from waste glass in an environmentally sound way. Except for light-weight concrete and plaster these are, above all, glass wool mats for purposes of sound and heat insulation.

8.Modem western style home is often built with lumber frames and fitted with bricks.

9.Wood is used for construction purposes when cut or pressed into lumber, such as planks.

10.They are studying an elastic bend of a beam under load.

V. Переведите предложения

1.General contractors build residential, industrial and commercial buildings.

2.They have just obtained some orders for their work from the general contractor.

3.The electricians installed the building electrical systems last week.

4.The insulation workers had covered structures with insulating materials by the end of the week.

5.The plasterers will apply concrete to exterior walls in a week.

VI. Прочитайте и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значение данных слов и словосочетаний

a)finish v — отделывать

b)finish n — отделка поверхности

c)finisher n — рабочий-отделочник

d)finishing n adj — окончательная отделка; отделочный

d)finished adj — обработанный

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1.The wood has a beautiful finish.

2.The finished surface must have a uniform appearance.

3.They showed two good ways to insulate and finish a foundation wall.

4.Sensitive people with allergies or respiratory conditions often request certain finishing materials.

5.A finisher performs the last step in a manufacturing process.

6.After all the interior finishing is done install the carpet so that there is no damage done to it.

VII. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в форме Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect Active. Переведите предложения

1.The manufacture of these structures ___ (grow) over several decades.

2.I am sure they ___ (offer) him a new job next week.

3.They ___ (make) products at the lowest possible cost at that time.

4.The company ___ (make) new types of products at this time next year.

5.When Mr. Brown retires next year, he ___ (work) for this company for 25 years.

VIII. Переведите текст

ROOF

The roof of a building often reflects the climate of the place in which the building is located since it protects the people in it from rain and sun. In dry countries the roof is flat and can be used as an outdoor room when the sun is not too hot. Where it often rains the roof usually slopes so that the wet can run off it, and where there are snowfalls, the roof slopes steeply so that the snow will slide off and not build up into a thick layer. A roof that slopes is called a pitched roof.

After a time people found it inconvenient to live in a house with sloping sides, so they built upright walls and laid big beams called tie-beams across the top at regular distances from each other. Then they put up the triangular frameworks resting on the tie-beams. These triangles of beams are called trusses. A ridge-piece, purlins, and rafters were used to complete the skeleton of the roof.

In the Middle Ages the wooden frame of the roof was not hidden by a ceiling on the inside and was often richly decorated. To increase the effect of height and space the hammer-beam roof was designed. This had no tie-beams, but instead there were short beams sticking out from both walls, and to these beams other timbers called struts were fixed to support the main rafters.

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The waterproof covering of a pitched roof is usually of tiles, slates, or shingles. Tiles are thin slabs of baked clay, generally red or brown in colour. Strips of wood called battens are fixed to the outside of the rafters, usually over sheets of weatherproof roofing-felt which help to keep out draughts and wind-blown snow. The tiles, shingles, or slates are then hung on by projecting pieces called nibs, or nailed or clipped to the battens in regular horizontal rows or courses. Flat roofs usually consist of boards covered with overlapping sheets of roofing felt coated with bitumen. When a roof has to cover a large space, steel trusses are used instead of wood. Large flat roofs may be made of reinforced concrete with a waterproof covering.

Выберите правильный ответ в соответствии с содержанием текста:

1. What does the roof of a building often reflect?

a)the cost of building materials;

b)the climate of the building location;

c)the number of inhabitants on a country.

2.Why is the roof flat in dry countries? a) because it seldom rains there;

b) because it often snows there;

c) because the weather is wet all the year round.

3.When was the wooden frame of the roof opened on the inside? a) in the nineteenth century;

b) in the eleventh century; c) in the Middle Ages.

4.What was the hammer-beam roof designed for?

a)to increase the effect of sunlight;

b)to increase the effect of height and space;

c)to increase the effect of decorative surfaces.

5. Do flat roofs usually consist of boards?

a)Yes, they do. They consist of boards covered with overlapping sheets of roofing.

b)Yes, they do. They consist of triangles of beams called trusses.

c)Yes, they do. They consist of a ridge-piece purling and rafters.

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ВАРИАНТ 4

I. Подберите пары слов, имеющих противоположное значение

II. Соотнесите слово из левой колонки с соответствующим продолжением в правой

III. Перепишите предложения, сделав перевод слова или словосочетания из скобок

1. With the panels made of (сборный железобетон), buildings up to 5 floors high can be constructed without columns or beams.

2.Steel is used for (каркасная конструкция) because it has high tensile and compressive strength.

3.Деревянная (балочно-стоечная конструкция) of residential and commercial buildings increased in the twentieth century and continues to be the standard building form.

4.A concrete (плита перекрытия) was put in place.

5.(Монолитный бетон) is strong, durable, stable, readily available and relatively economic in terms of construction

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IV. Перепишите предложения, заменив выделенные слова данными ниже

1.A great amount of effort is spent on the correct application of formulas.

2.Research in the field progressed the general understanding of how steel beams act under single and combined loads.

3.They regularly perform urgent repairs of construction equipment at this plant.

4.This bridge can fall down under the weight of the train.

5.Design professionals and builders should work in an integrated process in order to specify and make use of materials in a manner that will reduce or eliminate waste.

6.Some cracks in beams can appear during construction.

7.During recent years an interesting change has been gradually brought about in the various methods of building construction employed in Russia.

8.The pipes and cables which penetrate the floor/ceiling system must incorporate an approved fire stopping system or must be enclosed in fire resisting shafts.

9.What is the legal temperature a building must keep in the winter in this area? 10. They developed some methods for testing structures permitted to move to and fro.

V. Переведите предложения

1.The architect has to consider what kind of design the building should have in relation to the site.

2.The Ancient Greek style of architecture could be clearly seen in the Roman arches that they constructed with significance placed on key elements.

3.All construction preparations may have been completed last week.

4.The consulting engineers are of the opinion that a steel frame ought to be used in the interests of the speed of construction.

5.They will be allowed to begin work inside the house when the outer shell is complete.

VI. Прочитайте и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значение данных слов и словосочетаний

a) order v — заказывать; приказывать

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b)order n — заказ; приказ; порядок

c)in order that — с тем, чтобы

d)in order to — для того, чтобы

e)out of order — неисправный

1.This company is one of the very few places where you can place an order for lumber and related building materials on-line.

2.The house is in good order.

3.We order high quantities at our suppliers in order not to run out of material during a building phase.

4.You will have to obey my orders.

5.In order to give timber a new chance as a construction material, the different research development and marketing programs should aim at quick usage of the new techniques in timber engineering construction.

6.The machine is out of order.

VII. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в форме Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect Active. Переведите предложения

1.The number of people working in building construction ___ (go down).

2.They ___ (take up) repairs for various roads last year.

3.The builder says he ___ (finish) the roof by next Saturday.

4.I ___ (work) at the plant for three years when my brother arrived.

5.Many construction projects usually ___ (suffer) from financial problems.

VIII. Переведите текст

THE INTERNATIONAL STYLE OF ARCHITECTURE

The International Style in architecture was inspired by mechanical simplicity and structure. The colour palette used in this style was basic black and white with the structural elements like the steel beams and rails painted in bright primary colors. This contrast of bright colour was set against the white and black surfaces to accent the structure of the building. When a person looked directly at a building designed in the International Style of Architecture, they were overcome with the impression that the flat surfaces and segments of the building could be moved at will, simply by sliding them to one side or the other. However, this illusion of shift-ability was impossible, as moving any one part would cause the destruction of the whole.

Another element of the International Style that was incorporated in this design was the use of continuous windows and reflective surfaces. As light

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entered through the glass it was reflected by black painted surfaces or mirrored surface that reflected the light back through the glass. The interior of the International Style building was based on the use of boxes. Simple, clean lines kept the interior of the building structured, but cozy. The upper level of the building was designed to be a universal space for all the occupants of the building, or it could be segmented and divided into a variety of living spaces simply by sliding panels out of a wall to create room dividers that could enclose a room. When the segmentation was no longer needed, these panels could be slid back into the wall and the universal space could be reopened for entertaining. This allowed the owner of the house to create the space that best fit their lifestyle and spatial needs.

IX. Выберите правильный ответ в соответствии с содержанием текста:

1.What was the International Style in architecture inspired by? a) beauty of ancient buildings;

b) mechanical simplicity and structure; c) exotic eastern architecture.

2.For what purposes was the contrast of bright colour set against the white and black surfaces?

a) to accent the interior finish of the building; b) to accent the inner space of the building; c) to accent the structure of the building.

3.Why was the illusion of shift-ability impossible?

a)because moving any one part would cause the destruction of the whole;

b)because moving any one part would increase the height of a building;

c)because moving any one part would replace segments of the building.

4.Was the use of continuous windows and reflective surfaces another element of the International Style?

a) No, it wasn’t. Surfaces didn’t reflect the light back through the glass. b) Yes, it was. Light was reflected by black painted surfaces.

c) Yes, it was. When you looked at the mirror, you could see nothing.

5.How did the upper level of the building can be segmented?

a)by thick walls;

b)by sliding panels out of a wall;

c)by numerous partitions with doors.

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АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

Сборник контрольных работ для студентов II курса направления подготовки 270800.62 «Строительство» (заочной формы обучения)

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ЩЕГЛОВА Наталья Николаевна

Редактор М. Н. Федотова

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