Английский для магистрантов. Практикум

Asset — any item of value that you own: house, land, gems, stocks, bonds, money in savings, etc.

ATM — these letters stand for Automatic Teller Machine. This is an electronic machine that enables people to take care of Credit Union business 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. You can deposit and withdraw money, pay loans, etc., at most ATMs.

Bankruptcy — a state of being in so much debt that you are legally declared unable to pay in full the people and companies you owe. When you legally declare yourself bankrupt in some states, you must sell off all your possessions and pay off your debts as best you can.

Bond — an IOU issued by a corporation or government that confirms you are lending the corporation or government money. Bonds pay interest regularly to lenders. At the end of the term of the bond, the borrower returns to the lender the face value of the bond (the amount the lender invested in the bond).

Broker — a licensed professional who advises people about investments; also helps people buy and sell stocks, bonds, mutual funds, etc. The broker earns a fee for this help, called a commission, usually a percentage of the transaction.

Budget — a plan you create for controlling spending and encouraging saving.

Commodities — raw materials — such as oil, wheat, soybeans, pork, or gold you buy. In buying commodities you are hoping that the price will rise, so that you can sell the commodity for a profit.

Credit — a loan that enables people to buy something now and to pay for it in the future.

Credit History — a record of your borrowing and paying habits. Credit reporting companies track your history and supply this information to credit card companies, credit unions, and other lenders.

Debit Card — this plastic card looks like a credit card, but it is used to withdraw money from a savings or checking account. When you use a debit card at Automatic Teller Machines or in stores to make purchases, money is immediately withdrawn from your account. You cannot withdraw more money than you have in the account.

Debt — money or goods you owe.

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Deposit — to put money into a Credit Union or investment account.

Dividend — a payment made by a company to a stockholder to share in the company's profits.

Discount — to reduce from an original price or an item's full worth. Expenses — things you pay money for both needs and wants.

Income Tax — money that wage earners pay the government to run the country. The amount of the tax depends upon how much you earn.

Interest — the amount paid by a borrower to a lender for the privilege of borrowing the money.

Interest Rate — the price paid for the use of someone else's money expressed as an annual percentage rate, such as 6.5 %.

Liquidity — how quickly an asset (any item of value that you own) can be turned into cash. In other words, you don't have to wait until a certain date or pay a penalty to withdraw your money.

Loan — money or an object that is lent, usually with the understanding that the loan will be paid back, usually with interest.

Profit — the money you've earned after you subtract a) any money you had to spend to make the product or perform the service; в) any taxes that had to be paid on your earnings.

Real Estate — property in the form of land or buildings.

Savings Account — a Credit Union account that pays you interest for keeping your savings in it. Credit Unions use your money to make loans, so they pay you interest for the use of your money. Your savings is insured up to $100,000 by the FDIC, so you don't have to worry about borrowers taking your money and not paying it back.

Scarcity — a lack of something, like money, natural resources, etc. Scarcity forces you to make choices about how you use or treat whatever is scarce.

Share — a unit of ownership in an investment or a company. Shareholder — someone who owns stock in a company. Sole Proprietor — a business owned by a single person.

Stock — a certificate representing a share of ownership in a company.

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Stock Market — an organized way for 1) people to buy and sell stocks and 2) corporations to raise money. There are three widely known stock exchanges: The New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange, and the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System (you hear it called NASDAQ on the news).

Withdraw — to take money out of an account.

Снять деньги через банкомат, давать ссуды частным предпринимателям, открыть накопительный счет в банке, собрание акционеров, купить квартиру через агентство недвижимости, купить акции через брокера, получать доход от продажи нефти и природного газа, продавать товары с 20 % скидкой, владеть 20 акрами земли, являться обладателем редких драгоценных камней, получать небольшой процент с облигаций, продавать акции на бирже.

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РАЗДЕЛ 5 Cultural World

1. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1.The fastest and easiest way to get people to come to a concert is to announce that there is a concert.

2.When announcing the event, give the essential information such as who is playing, where it will be, when it will be, what will be played, whom to contact for reservations and information, and how much it would cost if it’s not free.

3.The world-renowned Mariinsky Theater, known during Soviet times as the Kirov Opera and Ballet Theater, reverted to its original name in 1992.

4.The first night of the performance «Izotov» will conclude the Fourth International Theater Festival.

5.The theater rose to the dizzying heights of international success under the leadership of the conductor Yuri Temirkanov and the current Chief Conductor and Artistic Director Valery Gergiev.

6.The theater’s Ballet Department also flourished under the famous Leonid Yakobson and has enjoyed performances by the worldrenowned Rudolf Nureev.

7.During pre-revolutionary times the theater enjoyed royal patronage and has played host to some of Russia’s most celebrated classical performers.

8.Fiodor Shaliapin sang in this theatre, and the dancers Vatslav Nizhinsky, Matilda Kshesinskaya, Anna Pavlova also graced its stage.

9.Drop curtain is a theater curtain that is lowered or raised vertically rather than drawn to the side.

10.Frank Capra is honored as one of the greatest directors of predominantly English-language films.

11.It should be noted that many film-makers were highly innovative mavericks and renegades who challenged the established 'system' that existed during their time.

12.«Imagine my delight to read a dispatch from last week’s 2nd

International Action Film festival in the Kazakhstan capital Astana,

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at which Seagal appears to be combining guest-of-honour duties with his usual humanitarian commitments».

13.Genghis Khan may be one of the most important and influential figures in history, but big screen versions of his life tend to be flops.

14.Soldiers burst into applause at President’s speech.

15.A full house on opening day of last year's Spring Arts Festival wasn’t a surprise for its organizing committee.

16.After his roaring success at the 2010 CNE, Chef Michael Smith returns this year to share more of his culinary magic!

17.Exhibition at the Pushkin Museum, Moscow, demonstrates how inspiration has nourished the heart of Dior for decades.

18.Discover a world of great artists in history in The Worldwide Art Gallery's Art Education section.

19.Some artists manage to make real masterpieces of a packing for eggs!

20.Artspan — an online gallery of contemporary artists, artisans, jewelers and contemporary photographers on the top ranked contemporary art website.

2. Переведите информацию о происходящих в мире культурных событиях на русский язык. Коротко изложите суть данных сообщений на английском языке (устно):

Guardian : Daniel Radcliffe to star in The Woman in Black

Harry Potter actor celebrates end of franchise with lead role in Hammer horror adaptation of Susan Hill ghost story.

The future looks black for Daniel Radcliffe, whose long-running stint with the Harry Potter film franchise draws to an end this year. Happily, the 20-year-old actor has his next move plotted out: he is poised to star in a Hammer horror adaptation of The Woman in Black.

Radcliffe will take the lead role of Arthur Kipps, a young lawyer who uncovers the secrets of an old dark house. The film has been scripted by Kick-Ass’s Jane Goldman and will be directed by Eden Lake’s

James Watkins. Production is due to begin this autumn.

«I am incredibly excited to be part of The Woman in Black», Radcliffe said. «Jane Goldman’s script is beautifully written — both ten-

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der and terrifying in equal measure. It is thrilling to be working with James Watkins. From his brilliant work on Eden Lake, and also having met him, I know he will make a fantastic film».

Radcliffe’s enthusiasm appears to be contagious. «When I met Dan, it was quite uncanny how closely our thoughts on the story mirrored each other», said Watkins. «I can’t wait to get down to work with him».

Based on the 1983 bestseller by Susan Hill, The Woman in Black is set in a haunted village on the east coast of England. Hill’s tale inspired a 1989 TV movie as well as a hugely successful London stageplay.

The big-screen version is a co-production between Alliance Films and Hammer. Originally established in the 1930s, Hammer Films gave rise to the likes of Dracula, The Curse of Frankenstein and The Quatermass Experiment before falling on hard times in the 80s. Now resurrected, the studio has various films in the pipeline, including the Hilary Swank drama The Resident, and the vampire love story Let Me In, a US-based remake of the acclaimed 2008 Swedish film Let the Right One In.

…

The Broadway premiere of David Mamet's A Life in the Theatre, starring Patrick Stewart and T.R. Knight will begin previews on September 21st, 2010 and officially open on Tuesday, October 12th at the Gerald Schoenfeld Theatre (236 W. 45th St.). Its limited engagement will play through January 2nd, 2011, making it the first show to announce its closing in 2011.

A Life in the Theatre will be directed by Neil Pepe, who directed the acclaimed revival of Mamet's Speed-The-Plow on Broadway last season, and feature scenic design by Santo Loquasto (Race, Glengarry Glen Ross, American Buffalo), lighting design by Kenneth Posner (The Coast of Utopia, Wicked, Hairspray), and costume design by Laura Bauer (Talk Radio, Glengarry Glen Ross, Talk Radio).

A Life in the Theatre made its world premiere at The Goodman Theatre in Chicago in February of 1977 with Mike Nussbaum and Joe Mantegna and directed by Gregory Mosher. The play first opened off-Broadway on October 20, 1977 at the Lucille Lortel Theatre and

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ran for 288 performances. That production was directed by Gerald Gutierrez and starred Peter Evans and Ellis Rabb.

Mel Gussow of The New York Times said: «Though the work has serious undertones, it is first of all a comedy — and Mr. Mamet's language glistens. His writing is a cross between the elegant and the vernacular, an ironic combination that is uniquely his own...He is an eloquent master of two-part harmony. An abundantly gifted playwright, he brings new life to the theater».

Describing life in the footlights from an actor's point of view, A Life in the Theatre focuses on the relationship between two thespians: Robert, an older, experienced performer; and John, a relative newcomer. Though Robert's guidance is welcomed by John at first, as the play progresses Robert falters as an actor and mentor, and John emerges as a mature actor. Mamet was inspired to write A Life in the Theatre by what he had observed backstage as well as by his own experiences in his early career as an actor.

A Life in the Theatre will be produced on Broadway by Jeffrey Richards, Jerry Frankel and Steve Traxler, the lead producers of the current Race and recent production of Speed-The-Plow.

3.Составьте список выражений, необходимых для рассуждения о современном искусстве — музыке, балете, живописи, кинематографе (на выбор). Переведите их на английский язык. Используйте данные выражения для устного обсуждения новостей из мира искусства с партнером.

4.Переведите отрывок на английский язык:

«Гарри Поттер» — самый прибыльный фильм года

10/08/2011 12:05 Patrick Kovarik ⁄ AFP

Заключительный фильм поттерианы «Гарри Поттер и дары смерти: Часть 2» (Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Part 2)

продолжает ставить рекорды. Как сообщает Variety, он собрал наибольшую кассу в мире среди всех релизов 2011 года.

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Во вторник 9 августа «Гарри Поттер» стал самым прибыльным фильмом в Северной Америке, заработав с начала года $344,8 млн и обогнав по этому показателю третьих «Трансфор-

меров» (Transformers: Dark of the Moon).

Вмировом прокате сборы фильма достигли $801,5 млн, тогда как предыдущий рекордсмен «Пираты Карибского моря: На странных берегах» (Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides)

остановился на отметке $798,5 млн.

ВРоссии и странах СНГ к 7 августа фильм «Гарри Поттер и дары смерти: Часть 2», по данным «Бюллетеня кинопрокатчика», заработал $35,5 млн.

Вначале августа последний «Гарри Поттер» стал девятым фильмом в истории, сумевшим заработать миллиард долларов.

Сейчас его общая касса составляет почти $1,15 млрд. Это третий результат в истории кино — первые места занимают «Аватар»

(Avatar, $2,78 млрд) и «Титаник» (Titanic, $1,84 млрд).

Следует отметить, что еще до выхода в прокат второй части «Даров смерти», франшиза о Гарри Поттере была названа самой доходной в истории: за 13 лет компания Warner Bros. заработала на продукции, связанной с юным волшебником, более $21 млрд.

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РАЗДЕЛ 6

Science and Technology

1. Прочитайте статью и переведите ее на русский язык. Объясните значение выделенных слов и словосочетаний на английском. Выпишите все характеристики нового летательного аппарата, который выгодно отличает его от остального авиационного вооружения:

Babbage

Technology monitor

Joining the Drones Club

Aug 15th 2011, 11:20 by The Economist online

THE future of air power is likely to be unmanned. It may also be surprisingly small. Reapers and Predators grab the headlines, but these big, high-profile drones are already outnumbered by small and cheap but capable craft.

One good example is the RQ-11B Raven, made by AeroVironment of Monrovia, California, and widely used by America’s armed forces. It looks like a model aircraft. When disassembled it fits into a backpack. Launching it is just a matter of snapping the parts together and throwing it into the air, whence it is carried aloft by an electric propeller. It weighs just two kilograms. That means the American army’s entire annual purchase of almost 1,300 Ravens is lighter than a single fully armed Reaper. Pilots might dismiss Ravens as radiocontrolled toys, but they are popular with soldiers and more are being rushed to Afghanistan.

At its simplest, a Raven acts as a flying pair of binoculars that can look over the next hill, or escort a convoy from above. Being small and quiet, it can get close to targets unobserved, for a good look. Unlike the bigger drones, whose limited numbers mean that officers in the field are in constant competition for their services, Ravens are abundant and thus generally available to provide instant video imagery, day or night. The global-positioning system tells it exactly where it is, and special display software means the images it sends

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back can be overlaid on a map to produce a moving picture of what is going on the ground. A Raven’s operator can thus call down artillery fire with lethal precision without having to see the target directly. For extra accuracy, Raven can also mark targets with a laser illuminator.

Another reason for Raven’s popularity is that it is easy to use. The controlling hardware is a tablet computer with buttons on the side, something like a portable games machine, and most people can get the hang of it in a couple of days. Predators, by contrast, were originally flown by real, albeit ground-based, pilots — and, though high demand for operators has led to a new rapid-training course for groundlings, this course still takes 22 weeks to complete.

Ravens are now being upgraded to use a communications system that provides enough bandwidth for 40 of them to fly in the same area, instead of the current four. This digital upgrade also turns the drones into networked devices that can communicate with other robots and systems.

AeroVironment is collaborating with DARPA, America’s main wea- pons-research agency, to use this ability to network in a project called HART (Heterogeneous Airborne Reconnaissance Team), which has a pool of drones including Ravens that fly autonomously over the battlefield. When a soldier wants to see a particular area or follow a specific vehicle, he just clicks on it on a map. The system selects a drone from those available in the area, flies it into position and sends back pictures with no need for human control.

Future Ravens may be able to strike as well as scout. The American army has experimented with turning the drones into miniature bombers, capable of delivering grenade-sized weapons. Such bombs would be enough to destroy a small vehicle or take out the occupants of a particular room with high precision and little collateral damage.

For greater punch, AeroVironment has a prototype version of a lethal drone called Switchblade. This resembles Raven, but is a flying bomb, packed with explosives. Its guidance software enables it to lock on to and follow a rapidly moving target, even if that target is

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