- •Chapter 1 (pages 1-2)
- •Chapter 1 (pages 3-4)
- •Chapter 2 (pages 5-6)
- •Chapter 2 (pages 7-8)
- •Chapter 3 (pages 9-12)
- •Chapter 4 (pages 13-17)
- •Chapter 5 (pages 18-22)
- •Chapter 7 (pages 34-38)
- •Chapter 8 (pages 43-47)
- •Chapter 9 (pages 48-50)
- •Chapter 9 (pages 52-55)
- •Chapter 9 (pages 55-59)
- •Chapter 9 (pages 59-62)
- •Chapter 9 (pages 62-66)
- •Chapter 9 (pages 66-69)
- •Chapter 9 (pages 69-72)
- •Chapter 9 (pages 72-75)
- •Chapter 10 (pages 76-79)
Chapter 9 (pages 48-50)
Remember the following words and expressions, make 10 sentences with them:
corrugated iron sheet – лист рифленого железа
cladding – обшивка, облицовка
purlin (roof) – обрешетина (на крыше)
thermal properties – термические свойства
sound insulation – звукоизоляция
adjoining room – смежная комната
pliable material – пластичный материал
mould = mold – форма, формовать
solid blocks – цельные блоки
hollow blocks – полые блоки
lime – известь, известняк
prevent – предотвращать, предупреждать
Fill the gaps with the necessary words, there is one extra word, translate the sentences into Russian:
durability, solid, moulded, internal, load-bearing, stability, hollow, kiln, non-load-bearing, support, structures
a Hollow blocks are most suitable for … internal walls and are weaker than … blocks.
b For the additional … of the structure load-bearing … walls are built.
c … and … are the two main requirements for every building material.
d After drying out all the … bricks are fired in a … .
e The … external walls are normally used for domestic buildings or other one or two storied … .
Put the words in the correct order to make sentences, translate them into Russian:
a materials / external / hand / built / As / be / walls / handle / should / masonry / by / convenient / are / to
b resistance / characteristics / walls / properties / Weather / should / the / have / and / external/ are / thermal / the
c load-bearing / loads / construction / of / roof / The / and / wall / supports / floor / the / stone
d is / building / stone / to / available / is / freely / material / be / As / considered / economic / it / natural / an
e the / is / walls / non-load-bearing / Wind / obligatory / cladding / resistance / for / external / in
Mark these sentences as true (T) or false (F), explain your choice, translate them into Russian:
a Load-bearing external walls normally stand independently of the main structure.
b Support provided by the framework is forced by the corrugated sheet cladding.
c The strength and durability of the block depends on the aggregate used with the cement.
d Load-bearing internal partitions usually stand on a concrete foundation.
e Fire-resistance and sound insulation are the obligatory requirements for the internal walls.
Answer the following questions:
a What types of wall do you know?
b What characteristics should the external walls have?
c What characteristics should the internal walls have ?
d What building materials are used for external walls?
e What is the purpose of mortar?
f How does the application affect the proportions of the aggregates in mortar?
Give a summary of the fragment.
Chapter 9 (pages 52-55)
Remember the following words and expressions, make 10 sentences with them:
half-round joint – вогнутый шов
weather-struck joint – шов (кладки) со скосом кверху
recessed joint – пустошовка
flush joint – гладкий, заполненный шов
surplus – остаток, излишек
wire brush – металлическая проволочная щетка
arris – ребро, острый край
quoin – угловой камень кладки
perpend – вертикальный шов кирпичной кладки
stretcher bond – ложковая перевязка
cavity wall – пустотная стена
header bond – тычковая перевязка
Flemish bond – Фламандская перевязка
Fill the gaps with the necessary words, there is one extra word, translate the sentences into Russian:
vertical, bonding, construction, width, stability, flat, skin, trusses, pattern, level, stretcher
a If an external … of a cavity wall is the width of a single brick, … bond can be used.
b The loads from joists ends and roof … are spread through the wall by … .
c A … appearance is usually created by a joint where the mortar joint is … with the masonry.
d The usage of English bond gives a very well bonded … and a more interesting … .
e Avoidance of continuous … joints is the basic principle of … in stonework.
Put the words in the correct order to make sentences, translate them into Russian:
a which / unstable / joints / by / the / Continuous / bonding / are / can / wall / vertical / avoided / make
b with / is / and / four / The / a / joint / rod / set / formed / recessed/ square / back / is / millimeters
c when / should / and/ appearance / used / strong / Closers / good/ are / bond / the / be / needed
d affected / mortar / finished / is / wall / The / by / joint / appearance / the
e the / it / walls / achieve / 215 mm / ties / stretcher/ for / possible / thick / Wall / appearance / to / bond / make / of
Mark these sentences as true (T) or false (F), explain your choice, translate them into Russian:
a All the works on the external walls can be done immediately after the joints are completed.
b The weather-struck joint enables rain to run off an external wall more easily.
c English bond is achieved by laying the bricks lengthwise across the wall.
d Header bond is the only type of bond that can be used in blockwork.
e Flush joints are usually formed with a steel rod drawn along the joint.
Answer the following questions:
a What types of joints with masonry do you know?
b What is a closer (bed, quoin, arris)?
c What types of bonds do you know and what is the difference between them?
d What can you say about bonding in stonework?
e What can you say about bonding in blockwork?
f What is bonding?
Give a summary of the fragment.