- •Unit 1 petroleum and natural gas
- •II. Find the proper Russian equivalents for the following English terms.
- •III. Translate the following phrases into Russian without dictionary:
- •Petroleum
- •IV. Answer the following questions:
- •V. Retell the text using the questions in IV.
- •VI. Translate the following sentences into Russian, paying attention to the Degrees of Comparison.
- •VIII. Find one sentence in Present Perfect Tense in the text. Natural gas
- •II. Read and translate the text. Natural gas
- •III. Answer the following questions.
- •Unit 2 oil and gas fields development
- •II. Find the proper Russian equivalents for the following English terms.
- •III. Translate the following expressions into Russian without a dictionary.
- •Oil and gas fields development
- •V. Answer the following questions.
- •VI. Make up proper expressions using the words given in the following columns. Give the Russian translation.
- •VII. Retell the text “Oil and gas fields development” using the questions in V.
- •XI. Find in the text “Oil and gas fields development” the sentences containing the Participle.
- •XII. A) Read and render the contents of the text below in Russian. Give it a title.
- •Unit 3 historical development of oil pipe line
- •V. Read and translate the following text. Historical development of oil pipe line
- •IV. Translate into Russian, paying attention to the passive constructions. Remember the underlined verbs.
- •Unit 4 pumping stations
- •Pumping stations
- •V. Answer the following questions.
- •VI. Translate the following text into English.
- •VII. Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the use of the Participle.
- •VIII. Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the use of the Participle. Explain the difference between them.
- •IX. Translate the following word combinations into English.
- •Unit 5 manufacture of pipelines
- •III. Translate the following words.
- •IV Read and translate the following text. Manufacture of pipe lines
- •V. Answer the following questions.
- •VI. Find in the text the English equivalent to the following Russian words and expressions.
- •VII. Deny the wrong statements. Use the following expressions.
- •VIII. Translate into English.
- •IX. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the meaning of the verb “would”.
- •X. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the meaning of the verb “should”.
- •XI. Translate the following conditional sentences.
- •XIII. Translate the following extract into Russian with the help of a dictionary.
- •Unit 6 methods of transporting petroleum and their relative economic importance
- •I. Study the following words before reading the text.
- •II. Pay attention to the pronunciation of the following words.
- •III. Find the corresponding Russian equivalents.
- •Methods of transporting petroleum and their relative economic importance
- •VII. Translate the phrases into English using the Infinitive as an attribute.
- •I'm afraid that’s wrong.
- •It seems to me, it’s not true.
- •IX. Translate into English.
- •Moving oil and natural gas
- •XII. Give a summary of the text. Unit 7 types of pipe lines and storage tanks
- •Types of pipe lines and storage tanks
- •V. Answer the following questions.
- •VII. Translate into Russian. Pay attention to the form and the voice of the Gerund.
- •IX. Translate into English.
- •X. Translate paragraphs 3-6 in a written form. Pipeline components
- •Unit 8 construction of pipelines
- •III. Find the proper Russian equivalents to the following words and word-combinations.
- •Construction of pipelines
- •V. Answer the following questions.
- •VII. Translate into English.
- •VIII. Retell the text “Construction of pipelines” according to the following plan:
- •Unit 9 materials
- •V. Read and translate the following text. Materials
- •VI. Answer the following questions. Use the questions as a plan for your retelling of the text.
- •VII. Translate the following sentences. State the functions of the Infinitive.
- •IX. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the Infinitive as an Adverbial Modifier of Purpose.
- •X. Translate into Russian using the proper function of the Infinitive.
- •XI. Translate the sentences, paying special attention to the use of the Complex Object and the Complex Subject. А
- •XII. Translate into Russian using the Complex Object and the Complex Subject.
- •II. Find out in the dictionary and remember the pronunciation of the following words.
- •VIII. Answer the following questions.
- •IX. Say a few words about a) trunk pipelines; b) multi-product pipelines. Make up a short plan of your speech.
- •X. Translate into English.
- •XI. Translate into Russian. Define the form of the Infinitive and its function.
- •XII. Translate into Russian. Pay attention to the use of the Participle and the Gerund.
- •XIII. Translate the following extract using a dictionary.
- •XIV. Find out if the following statements are true or false.
- •Unit 11 pipeline operation and safety measures
- •Pipeline operation and safety measures
- •VI. Answer the following questions.
- •VII. Describe the pipeline operation according to the following plan.
- •VIII. Translate into Russian. Find out if the underlined words are the Gerund or the Participle.
- •IX. Define the function of the Infinitive used in the following sentences. Translate them.
- •X. Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the Participle II.
- •XI. Read and translate the following extracts with the help of a dictionary.
- •Unit 12 types of coatings
- •I. Before reading the text study the following words.
- •II. Write out the proper transcription to the following words from the dictionary.
- •V. Find the suitable nouns to the verbs from List a. Make up your own sentences with the given phrases.
- •VI. Read and translate the following text. Types of coatings
- •VII. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •VIII. Answer the following questions.
- •IX. Retell the text “Types of Coatings” using the questions from the previous exercise.
- •XIII. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Gerund.
- •Unit 13
- •Integrated systems for pipeline security
- •I. Before reading the text study the following words.
- •II. Find out the proper transcription of the following words in the dictionary.
- •III. Find the proper Russian equivalents for the following English terms.
- •IV. Translate the following phrases into Russian without a dictionary.
- •VI. Find the suitable nouns to the verbs from List a. Make up your own sentences with the given phrases.
- •Integrated systems for pipeline security
- •VIII. Answer the following questions.
- •IX. Find English equivalents for the following words and phrases.
- •X. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XI. Retell the text “Integrated Systems for Pipeline Security” using the questions in VIII.
- •XII. Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the Passive Voice.
- •XIII. Remember the meaning of the following verbs.
- •XIV. Translate the sentences paying attention to the Sequence of Tenses.
- •XV. Rewrite the following sentences beginning with the phrases given in brackets. Pay attention to the Sequence of Tenses.
- •Unit 14
- •In-tube magnetic examination of lined tubuing
- •I. Before reading the text study the following words.
- •II. Write the proper transcription to the following words.
- •IX. Answer the following questions.
- •XI. Retell the text “In-tube Magnetic Examination of Lined Tubing” using the questions in IX.
- •XII. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Complex Object and the Complex Subject.
- •XIII. Translate the sentences into English paying attention to the Complex Object and the Complex Subject.
- •Contents
VII. Translate the phrases into English using the Infinitive as an attribute.
1. Нефтепровод, который будет построен…
2. Нефть, которую нужно транспортировать…
3. Факторы, которые нужно рассмотреть…
4. Метод, который будет использоваться…
5. Работа, которую необходимо сделать…
6. Дорога, которая соединит эти два города…
7. Материал, который нужно нагреть...
8. Проблема, которую необходимо решить…
VIII. Correct the wrong statements using the following words:
I'm afraid that’s wrong.
That's not quite true to the fact.
On the contrary
It seems to me, it’s not true.
1. Water transportation of oil in tank ships is the most economical method of transportation. 2. Only petroleum and its products may be transported through pipe lines. 3. Barrels and railroad tank cars are sufficient for transporting large quantities of oil in Russia. 4. From the point of view of international trade the transportation of oil in barges and railroad tank cars ranks first in importance. 5. Tankers are also used for moving gas. 6. Prior to 1920 a considerable part of long distance transportation was accomplished by pipe lines. 7. There are many ways to transport gas.
IX. Translate into English.
Перекачка нефти по трубопроводу является самым экономичным способом (методом) транспортировки нефти. Транспортировка нефти танкерами занимает второе место. Этот метод особенно важен с точки зрения международной торговли нефтью. Россия экспортирует нефть во многие страны мира в танкерах. Транспортировка нефти в железнодорожных вагонах широко использовалась в нашей стране до того, как (before) были построены магистральные трубопроводы. Использование барж для перевозки нефти имеет также большое значение в нашей стране. Наша страна богата реками и озёрами, поэтому большое количество нефти в нашей стране транспортируется баржами.
X. Translate the text in written form.
Pipelines are now the second largest carriers of intercity freight in the United States. Each day, a vast network of lines moves some 30 million barrels of liquids and millions of cubic feet of gas from coast to coast at rates substantially lower than those charged by other carriers. Continuous expansion has resulted in a network of over 700,000 miles of pipelines.
Comparisons show that pipeline rates are roughly one-fifth of rail rates and about one-twentieth of truck rates. Operating without the benefit of subsidies, pipeline companies have consistently managed to hold down real costs. These lower costs are due in part to the expansion of overall system capacity through the use of highly efficient large-diameter pipe. Costs have also been curbed by utilizing state-of-the-art, automated equipment that requires fewer employees and far less maintenance. Another, more subtle economic factor, results from a characteristic unique to pipelines. While other transportation systems require that a product be moved by the carrier, pipelines are specialized fixed structures that utilize pressure or compression to move goods from point to point. Since they serve both as a conveyor and a temporary container for those goods much of the wear and tear that plague other systems is eliminated, and the saving can be passed on to customers in the form of lower rates.
XI. Read the text to yourself and say what it is about. Use the following word combinations:
The text |
deals with… |
|
is concerned with… |
|
offers information on… |