- •Contents
- •1 An introduction to Phast
- •What to Expect of this Tutorial
- •Starting the program running
- •The main window
- •Opening the Phast example file
- •Level 2: the Study
- •Level 3: the Equipment item
- •Level 4: the Scenario
- •The Study Tree pane
- •The Models tab section
- •Level 1: the Workspace
- •The Weather tab section
- •The Parameters tab section
- •The Materials tab section
- •Pure Components
- •Mixtures
- •Warehouse Materials
- •The Map tab section
- •Bund types
- •Terrain types
- •Building types and Buildings
- •Raster Image Set
- •Viewing input data
- •The input dialog for the Chlorine tank Equipment item
- •The Grid View allows you to work on input data for multiple items
- •Running the calculations and viewing the results
- •Viewing the graphs for the LPG sphere Scenarios
- •Viewing results on the GIS, against the background of map images
- •Viewing the Reports for the Catastrophic rupture Scenario
- •Summary group: Consequence Summary Report
- •Input group: Input Report
- •Equipment group: Discharge Report
- •Equipment group: Dispersion Report
- •Equipment group: Commentary Report
- •Equipment group: Averaging Times Report
- •Equipment group: Dynamic Fireball Report
- •Equipment group: Explosion Report
- •Viewing the results for other types of Scenario
- •The Standalone flammable Scenarios
- •The Standalone explosion Scenarios
- •2 Setting up your own analysis
- •The form of the analysis
- •The Equipment and Scenarios defined in the analysis
- •Creating a new workspace
- •Saving the workspace
- •The contents of a new workspace
- •Setting up the map image
- •Inserting the raster image
- •Ensure that there is a Raster Image Set in the Map tab section
- •Insert a Raster Image inside the Set
- •Placing the image in the GIS Input View
- •Setting the co-ordinates and size of the image
- •The location of the site on the map
- •3 Performing the consequence analysis
- •Making sure the Run mode is set to Consequence
- •Defining the pressure vessel that contains a toxic material
- •Turn on the option to insert Equipment on the GIS
- •Insert a Pressure Vessel Equipment item
- •Setting the input data for the vessel
- •The Material tab section
- •The Toxic parameters tab section
- •The Geometry tab section
- •A Summary of the Input Data
- •Defining a catastrophic rupture scenario
- •Inserting the Scenario
- •Setting the input data
- •Elevation in Scenario tab section
- •Toxic parameters tab section
- •Run the calculations for the Scenario and view the results
- •Viewing the set of Graphs
- •Viewing outdoor toxic lethality results against the map
- •Defining the second scenario: a liquid release from pipework
- •Insert a Time varying short pipe Scenario
- •Supplying the tank shape data for the Pressure Vessel
- •Setting the input data for the Scenario
- •Scenario tab section
- •Material tab section
- •Short pipe tab section
- •Time varying releases tab section
- •Running the discharge calculations
- •Using the averaged discharge results to create a User-defined source Scenario
- •Inserting a Short pipe Scenario and set up the equivalent input data
- •Run the consequence calculations for the Short pipe and view the results
- •Defining the third scenario: toxic vapour from pipework
- •Defining three flammable releases
- •Setting the input data for the propane Equipment item
- •Copying the Equipment item
- •Changing the Material selection
- •Changing the coordinates
- •Setting the input data for the fire modelling
- •Running the consequence calculations and viewing the results
- •Jet Fire Graphs
- •Pool Fire Graphs
- •Fireball Graphs
- •Explosion Graphs
- •Flash Fire Graph
- •Setting the inputs for the TNT explosion method
- •Setting the inputs for the Multi-Energy explosion method
- •Setting the inputs for the Baker-Strehlow-Tang explosion method
- •Running the calculations and viewing the results
- •Alternative methods for modelling explosions
- •Creating a Folder and Scenarios for the other methods
- •Flammable releases from a rail tank wagon
- •Defining a folder and creating the Equipment data node for the wagon
- •Setting the Elevation for the Rupture Scenarios
- •Defining the Leak from the liquid side of the wagon
- •Defining the Fireball Failure under Flame Impingement
- •Defining a Standalones Equipment item
- •Defining a Fireball Scenario
- •Running the calculations and viewing the results
- •Saving the workspace
- •What next?
Once you have made the selection from the list, the data for the two Pressure Vessels under the folder will be displayed in the Grid View as shown, with the data fields displayed as a wide list of columns, as in a spreadsheet.
If you select the Study from the tree, the Grid View will display all of the Pressure Vessels in the workspace, and if you change the selection in the filter list to Leak, the Grid View will display all of the Leak Scenarios under the Study or folder.
This can be very useful for obtaining an overview of the input data, and for comparing values between different items. The Grid View can also be a convenient way of setting up input data, as you can copy and paste values between cells in the Grid View, and also between a spreadsheet and the Grid View.
This tutorial does not give further details on using the Grid View, and you should refer to the online Help for a full description.
Running the calculations and viewing the results
In the Models tab section, select the Tank farm folder, and then click on Run in the Home tab of the Ribbon Bar (or press [Ctrl]+M).
The program will process the calculations for each of the 18 Scenarios in turn, performing the calculations for each of the three Weathers, and showing the progress through the calculations. The calculations will take several minutes to complete, depending on the speed of your machine.
When the calculations for a given Scenario have been completed for all three Weathers, a green tick
will appear to the top right of the icon for that Scenario if all of the calculations for the Scenario ran successfully and the Scenario has a complete set of results. If an error occurred in the calculations, then a red error icon
will be displayed next to the icon instead; if you place the cursor over the error icon, a tooltip will appear, giving a description of the error.
You do not have to run the calculations for all Scenarios and all Weathers. If you select a single Scenario or Equipment item, then you can run the calculations just for that Scenario or for the Scenarios under that Equipment item. You can also right-click on a Weather or on an node in the Models tab and select Exclude from calculations, and that Weather or set of Scenarios will be shown as greyed-out in the tree and will not be included when calculations are run; to stop excluding a greyed-out node, right-click on it and select Include in calculations.
| PHAST | April 2018 | www.dnvgl.com/software |
Page 11 |
Viewing the graphs for the LPG sphere Scenarios
In the program, a given Graphs View can show results for multiple Weathers for a single Scenario, or for multiple Scenarios for a single Weather. To compare graphical results for the different LPG sphere 101 Scenarios, you must first move to the Weathers tab of the Study Tree and select the Weather whose results you want to see. For this example, select the Category 1.5/F Weather. This is the weather with the most stable conditions, and is likely to give the longest dispersion distances.
Once you selected the Weather node, click on Graphs in the Home tab of the Ribbon Bar (or press [Ctrl]+G). A dialog will appear as shown, listing all of the Scenarios that have been calculated for the selected Weather, and prompting you to choose the combination of Scenarios whose results you want to view.
Check the box for the LPG sphere 101 Pressure Vessel, which will select all of the Scenarios for this Equipment item, and then click on the right arrow to move the items to the Selected items list at the right of the dialog. The Finish button will become enabled, and when you click on it there will be a pause
of a few seconds, and then the Graphs View will open in the Document View area as shown below.
| PHAST | April 2018 | www.dnvgl.com/software |
Page 12 |
A given Scenario or set of Scenarios may have many Graphs available, and to make them easier to work with, they are organised within groups, where each group covers a different category of results. Each group has its own tab header at the bottom of the Graphs View, with an icon that identifies the type of results, e.g. for Dispersion
, or for Fireball effects
, or for Toxic effects
. Within the tab for a given group, there are tab headers for the individual graphs within that group.
The graphs included for a particular combination of Scenarios will depend on the type of Scenario (e.g. a Leak Scenario or a standalone Fireball Scenario), on the type of the materials (toxic or flammable), and on the details of the dispersion and effect behaviour (e.g. whether or not liquid rainout occurs). The Graphs View for LPG sphere 101 includes results for pool vaporisation, for all types of fire and for explosion, but there are no graphs for toxic effects as the material is not toxic.
The graphs in the Dispersion group contain results for all four Scenarios, but if you move to the other groups, you will see that most graphs contain results only for a selection of Scenarios. For example, the Jet fire graphs contain results for the three leaks only, the Fireball graphs contain results for the Catastrophic rupture only, and the Pool Fire and Pool Vaporisation graphs contain results for the 150 mm leak only, as this is the only Scenario for which liquid rainout occurs.
Viewing results on the GIS, against the background of map images
The Graphs View does not display any of the results on the GIS. To view the results in this form, you must open a GIS Results View.
The process of opening a GIS Results View for the LPG sphere 101 Scenarios is almost identical to the process of opening a Graphs View:
1.Select the Category 1.5/F Weather in the Weather tab.
2.Click on GIS in the Home tab of the Ribbon Bar.
3.In the Results Scenario dialog, check the box for the LPG sphere 101 Pressure Vessel, which will select all of the Scenarios for this Equipment item.
4.Click on the right arrow to move the items to the Selected items list.
5.Click on Finish to close the dialog.
There will be a pause of a few seconds, and then the GIS Results View will open in the Document View area.
| PHAST | April 2018 | www.dnvgl.com/software |
Page 13 |
First, right-click on Southpoint_Aerial in the Legend and select Display Off, which will make the results clearer to view. With this setting, the results will appear as shown below.
The view will be displaying Cloud Footprint concentration results, which are present for all four Scenarios. This is the default form of results for storage Scenarios, but the Event field in the Consequence tab of the Ribbon Bar, shown below, gives an alphabetical list of the types of effect for which results are available for the set of Scenarios and Weathers covered by the GIS Results View, and you use this list to select the type of effect to display.
| PHAST | April 2018 | www.dnvgl.com/software |
Page 14 |
