ius-2013_en

Bulgaria is one of the modest innovators with a below average performance. Relative strengths are in Human resources, Intellectual assets and Economics effects.

Relative weaknesses are in Open, excellent and attractive research systems, Finance and support, Firm investments, Linkages & entrepreneurship and Innovators.

High growth is observed for Community trademarks and R&D expenditure in the business sector. A relatively strong decline is observed for Non-R&D innovation expenditures and Venture capital investments. Growth

performance in Intellectual assets is well above average and in Finance and support and Firm investments well below average.

Czech Republic is one of the moderate innovators with a below average performance. Relative strengths are in Human resources, Innovators and

Economic effects. Relative weaknesses are in Open, excellent and attractive research systems and Intellectual assets.

For Population with a tertiary degree growth has been highest for all Member States and high growth is also observed for Community trademarks. A strong decline is observed for Venture capital investments and Non-

R&D innovation expenditure. Growth performance in Human resources, Open, excellent and attractive research systems and Intellectual assets is above average and in Firm investments well below average.

Denmark is one of the innovation leaders with an above average performance. Relative strengths are in Open, excellent and attractive research systems,

Linkages & entrepreneurship and Intellectual assets. Relative weaknesses are in Human resources and Firm investments.

For sales of new-to-market and new-to-firm innovations growth has been highest for all Member States and growth was also high for New doctorate graduates. A relatively strong decline is observed for Communi-

ty designs. Growth performance in Human resources, Open, excellent and attractive research systems, Linkages & entrepreneurship and Economic effects is well above average and in Innovators well below average.

High growth is observed for Innovative SMEs collaborating with others, Community trademarks and License and patent revenues from abroad. A strong decline is observed for Non-R&D innovation

expenditure and Sales of new-to-market and new- to-firm innovations. Growth performance in Linkages & entrepreneurship is well above average and in Firm investments well below average.

Estonia is one of the innovation followers with a close to average performance. Relative strengths are in Finance and support and Firm Investments.

Relative weaknesses are in Open, excellent and attractive research systems and Economic effects.

For R&D expenditures in the business sector, PCT patents and PCT patent applications Estonia experiences the fastest growth in societal challenges and Community designs where growth rates for the first three are the highest among all Member

States. A relatively strong decline is observed for Non-R&D innovation expenditures. Growth performance in Finance and support and Intellectual assets is well above average and in Firm investments and Innovators well below average.

Ireland is one of the innovation followers with an above average performance. Relative strengths are in Human resources and Economic effects. Relative

weaknesses are in Finance and support and Firm investments.

High growth is observed for Community designs. A relatively strong decline is observed for Venture capital investments and Knowledge-intensive services exports. Growth perfor-

mance in Open, excellent and attractive research systems and Intellectual assets is well above average and in Finance and support and Economic effects well below average.

Spain is one of the moderate innovators with a below average performance. Relative strengths are in Open, excellent and attractive research systems (in particular international scientific co-publications)

and Economic effects (except License and patent revenues from abroad). Relative weaknesses are in Firm investments and Linkages & entrepreneurship.

High growth is observed for International scientific co-publications. The strongest decline is observed for Venture capital investments. Growth performance

in Open, excellent and attractive research systems is well above average and in Finance and support and Firm investments well below average.

High growth is observed for New doctorate graduates, Community trademarks and Sales of new to market and new to firm innovations. A relatively strong decline

is observed for Non-R&D innovation expenditures. Growth performance in Economic effects is well above average and in Firm investments well below average.

Italy is one of the moderate innovators with a below average performance. Relative strengths are in Inno-

vators and Economic effects. Relative weaknesses are in Finance and support and Firm investments.

High growth is observed for Sales of new-to-market and new-to-firm innovations and License and patent revenues from abroad. A strong decline is observed for Venture capital investments and Non-

R&D innovation expenditure. Growth performance in Open, excellent and attractive research systems and Economic effects is well above average and in Firm investments well below average.