- •The thematic module 1
- •Introduction to surgery. Desmurgy. Aseptics and antiseptics. Features of care of patients in the surgical department. Surgical operation. Practical employment № 1
- •IV. Table of contents of teaching
- •Introduction to surgery
- •V. Reference basis of actions
- •Vі. Tasks for verification of eventual level of knowledges.
- •Vіі. Методика проведения занятия и организационная структура занятия
The module 1: Introduction to surgery.
the urgent surgical states.
bases of anaesthesiology and reanimatologY
The thematic module 1
Introduction to surgery. Desmurgy. Aseptics and antiseptics. Features of care of patients in the surgical department. Surgical operation. Practical employment № 1
Theme: Introduction to surgery. Hygiene in surgical department.
Work of nurse in surgical department.
І. Actuality of theme
The surgical method of medical treatment takes large seat in clinical medicine: about 25% to all pathology make surgical illnesses. The doctor of any speciality must be able to give first medical help at the traumatic damages, bleeding, clinical death, to execute the injections, punctions, transfusion of components of blood and other.
Operative interference lies in the basis of surgical service. At production of operation the least errors in an asepsis and underestimation of importance of antisepsis lead frequencies of festering complications and death rate to the increase.
Correct preparation of patient to the operation, organization of work of operating block, attentive care in a postoperative period are the mortgage of successful medical treatment of sick. On these stages active and direct part in medical treatment is taken by a medical sister.
ІІ. Purposes of employment:
Life and activity of famous of home scientists-surgeons: M.I. Pyrogov, V.O.Karavayev, M.V.Sklifosovsjky, M.M. Volkovich, M.M. Amosov, A.A. Shalimov (=ІІ).
Structure and organization of surgical department (=ІІ).
Description of notions sanitary-hygienical and antiepidemic modes in the surgical departments (=ІІ).
Essence and basic positions of order №720 (=ІІ).
The hygienical requirements produced to the clothes of medical personnel (=ІІ).
The hygienical requirements produced to the clothes of patients (=ІІ).
The hygienical requirements produced to bed linen of patients (=ІІ).
The hygienical requirements produced to the change of linen, at the care of patients and seriously sick (=ІІ).
Principles of diagnostics of nosocomial infection, warning of its distribution (=ІІ).
Moist cleaning up in the surgical department with the use of facilities of antiseptics (=ІIІ).
Change of the linen worn next to the skin by a patient with the general and bed modes (=ІIІ).
Change of bed linen by a patient with the general and bed modes (=ІIІ).
To be able to execute medical manipulations: thermometry, injections (=ІIІ).
Literature:
Basic:
Butyrsky A. General surgery. – Simferopol. 2004.
Shevchenko S.I. and others. Surgery. – Kharkov. 2004
Additional:
Kushnir R.Lectures of General surgery. – 2005.
Methodological recommendations on surgical patients care. – Vinnitsa National Pirogov Memorial medical university. 2006.
Tests for verification of initial level of knowledges
That is the deposit of M. I. Pyrogov in surgical science?
а) first applied ether anesthesia;
б) it is the founder of antiseptics;
в) creation of topographical anatomy (+);
г) it is the founder of asepsis;
д) development of basic principles of the military field surgery (+).
What enters in the duty of the head nurse?
а) preparation to work of anesthesia apparatus;
б) control of work of the chamber trained nurses (+);
в) helping to the doctor-anaesthetist of;
г) control of work of doctor;
д) supervision after the sanitary state and economy of department (+).
What enters in the duty of the chamber trained nurse?
а) providing to the patient of urgent before-doctor help (+);
б) providing of department by the economic equipment;
в) realization of care of patients (+);
г) handing over in elimination of dirty linen;
д) helping to the doctor-anaesthetist of.
What enters in the duty of the operating trained nurse?
а) providing of sterility of all materials used for the operations (+);
б) conducting of change of the linen worn next to the skin;
в) realization of measures on the in-plant training of nurses;
г) participation in the operation (+);
д) realization of supervision and care of patients being found in a chamber.
Divide patients in the surgical departments on:
а) clean (+);
б) de bene esse clean;
в) festering (+);
г) blue pus patients;
д) sterile.
Nosocomial infections are divided on:
а) chamber;
б) operating;
в) hospital (+);
г) ambulatory;
д) mikrobic (+).
Who organizer and controls implementation of antiepidemic measures?
а) manager by the surgical department (+);
б) head nurse (+);
в) independent observers;
г) patients;
д) relatives of patients.
What elements are not included by the hygiene of medical personnel?
а) the personal hygiene of medical personnel;
б) hygiene of professional clothes and workplace;
в) change of the linen of sick worn next to the skin (+);
г) cleaning up of adjoining territory (+);
д) hygiene of conducting of medical manipulations.
That foresees the order №720?
а) obligatory bacteriological control of air (+);
б) rise of stability of patients to the unfavorable factors;
в) exposure of patients with pedikulosis;
г) exposure of patients with the festering-inflammatory diseases;
д) control of quality of sterilization (+).
What to do with the linen of patient, stained by a blood?
а) not to change to complete wound healing;
б) to change on clean (+);
в) to lay on a battery for drying;
г) to take in an oilskin sack in laundry (+);
д) to burn.
What is done with patients at the discovery at them of nosocomial infection?
а) transition in other department;
б) insulate in separate chambers (+);
в) bandaging is conducted above all things;
г) write for ambulatory medical treatment;
д) a separate medical personnel is selected (+).
What includes medical examination of employees of hospital?
а) digital rectal examination;
б) bicycle ergometry;
в) bacteriological research of strokes from a mucous membrane (+);
г) fiber-optic gastroscopy;
д) fluorography (+).
What measures are conducted in case of beginning of nosocomial infection?
а) setting by all patient of antibiotics;
б) registration with filling of the form 058-0 (+);
в) epidemiology inspection with bringing of epidemiologist of sanitary-and-epidemiologic institution (+);
г) addition to medical treatment of patients of red wine;
д) discharge from work of main doctor.
What from transferred does not behave to the prophylaxis of air infection?
а) ultraviolet irradiation of air;
б) cleansing preparation of the operating field (+);
в) ventilation;
г) dispersion of freshen air (+);
д) inflow-outflow ventilation.
To the common measures of safety of medical personnel from infections belong:
а) rise of resistibility of organism to the infections (+);
б) timely exposure of bacteria carrier among a medical personnel (+);
в) washing of hands;
г) the use of protective facilities;
д) conducting of vaccination.