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Each, every

-

The meaning of each and every is very similar and often either word is

possible.

Each/Every time I come here I go to my favourite restaurant.

But sometimes there is a small difference. We use each when we think of the

single items in a group, one by one. We use every when we think of the items

in a group all together. Compare:

They gave a medal to each member of the team.

I believe every word he says.

• Each is more usual with a smaller group, and can mean only two. Every is

more usual with a larger number, and cannot mean two.

She kissed him on each cheek.

• We can use each of, but we cannot use every of.

When the team won the cup, each of them was given a medal.

- Each can be used after the subject, or at the end

of a sentence.

The members each received a medal.

The members received a medal each.

-

Repeated actions are generally described with every.

I practise the violin every day.

Either, neither

-

Either and neither both refer to choices between two items. Either means the

one or the other. Neither means not the one or the other.

Monday or Tuesday? Yes, either day is fine.

Monday or Tuesday? I'm sorry, but neither day

is convenient.

So not + either is the same as neither.

I didn't like either of those films.

Neither of the films was any good.

- Either can also mean both. Note that either is followed by the singular form of

the noun.

On either side of the house there are shops.

(on both sides)

a)

This is the only money I have left.

ALL

....This is all the money I have left

b)

There wasn't anyone at the meeting.

NO

c)

Both singers had bad voices.

NEITHER

d)

All of the cups are dirty.

NONE

e)

Everyone was cheering loudly.

ALL

f)

You both deserve promotion.

EACH

g)

I read both books, but I liked neither of them.

EITHER

h)

Whenever I cross the Channel by boat I feel seasick.

EVERY

a) Jack walked into the room with a gun in either

C.

A) side B) door

C) hand

D) one

b)

I had

a hundred offers for my house.

A) neither

B) each

C) all

D) no less than

c)

I feel so tired this evening. I've been working hard

A) all day

B) every day C) each day D) day by day

d) The two cars for sale were in poor condition, so I didn't buy

A) either of them

B) both of them

C) neither of them D) each of them

e)

I tried to lift the heavy trunk but it was

A) not good

B) no less than good

C) neither good

D) no good

f)

The room was full of people and

were speaking.

A) neither of them

B) all of them

C) none of them

D) each of them

g)

spent more time walking a century ago.

A) People all

B) All persons

C) each people

D) All

h)

My friend Jonathan has a gold earring in

A) his two ears

B) each ear

C) every year

D) the ears

i) I looked everywhere for my pen and it was here

A) none of the time

B) every time

C) all the time

D) each time

j)

People say that there is

like show business.

A) all business

B) no business C) not business

D) all business

a)

Is

either....

of you interested in working on Saturday this week?

b)

I am afraid there are

vacancies in the company at present.

c)

I think we should be given at least £50

d)

other Saturday we watch our local hockey team.

e)

Let's start now. There's

time like the present!

f)

you are interested in doing is going to the cafe!

g)

There are two beds. You can sleep in

one, it doesn't matter.

h)

Sally gave a present to

and every one of us!

i)

And the star of our show is

other than Dorothy Rogers!

j)

My boss has given me

chance to succeed.

I go to the cinema

every

Thursday

in winter.

This is

business!

I'm afraid

at the front are taken.

From today

to go through the town centre.

e) The days get colder and colder,

it

Each

colder.

I

question.

All you

to rock music.

No

are thought to have attended the concert.

i) Each child was given £100.

were

The

£100 each.

j) We cannot waste any time!

no

There

waste.

Comparative

•

Comparatives with -er

adjectives

One-syllable adjectives, and two-syllable adjectives ending in -y, generally

add -er to make the comparative form (with y changing to i). Adjectives

ending in -e add only -r.

small, smaller

early, earlier

late, later

-

Comparatives with

more

Other two-syllable adjectives, and adjectives of more than two syllables, use

more or less.

more/less modern

more/less interesting

Irregular comparatives are:

good,

better

bad, worse

far, farther/further

Note that further has two meanings: a normal meaning of more far, and

another meaning of just more.

How much further do we have to go?

(more far)

I can't really advise you any further.

(more)

Old has a regular form older, and an irregular form elder that is used as an

adjective.

This is my elder sister.

Superlatives

Superlatives follow similar rules to comparatives in paragraphs 1 and 2 above.

One-syllable adjectives use (the) -est and longer adjectives use (the) most.

small, smaller,

the smallest

early, earlier, the earliest

late, later, the latest

modern, more modern, the most modern

interesting, more interesting, the most interesting

Irregular forms are:

good,

the best

bad,

the worst

Comparatives of

• Adverbs follow the same rules as adjectives.

adverbs

One syllable:

fast,

faster, the

fastest

Two syllables ending -y: early, earlier, the earliest

Two or more syllables: efficiently, more/less efficiently,

the most/least efficiently

a)

My brother is two years older

than

me.

b)

The train takes just

long as the bus.

c)

I thought the second hotel we stayed in was

more friendly.

d)

Unfortunately we are

well-off than we used to be.

e)

Do you think you could make a

less noise?

a)

I really think that apologising is

C.

you can do.

A) not as much as

B) a little

C) the least

D) as far as

b)

I can't stand this weather. It's getting

A) more and more

B) worse and worse C) coldest and coldest

D) further and further

c)

Although Brenda came last, everyone agreed she had

her best.

A) done B) made

C) had D) got

d) I wish Charles worked as hard as Mary

A) did

B) can

C) will

D) does

e) The more you water this plant, the

it will grow.

A) best

B) tall

C) wetter

D) faster

f)

From now on, we won't be able to go out as much as we

A) were

B) had

C) used to

D) will

g)

I've never owned

independent cat as this one!

A) a more than

B) such an

C) a so

D) as much an

h) Brian has been working

since he was promoted.

A) much harder

B) as harder

C) just as hardly D) more hardly

i)

I've been feeling

tired lately, doctor.

A) such a

B) the most

C) more and more D) much

j)

This exercise will give you

practice.

A) farther

B) much more

C) as better D) a lot

a)

Is William feeling any

better.

today?

b)

Everyone ate a lot, but Chris ate the m

c)

What's the 1

news about the situation in India?

d)

I'd feel a lot h

if you let me help.

e)

Graham has been sinking d

into debt lately.

f)

It's 35 degrees today! It must be the h

day so far this year.

g)

Only £45? Is that all? Oh well, it's b

than nothing.

h) He had to wait a f

two months before he got his promotion.

i)

Ruth wore her b

dress to her sister's wedding.

j)

Harry has got over the w

of his cold.