учебный год 2023 / Бевзенко, Оправданность приоритета, предоставляемого кредитору вещным обеспечением. Очерк догмы, теории и политики права
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струкция плавающего обеспечения вынужденно подчинилась этому формальному запрету, хотя и с некоторой хитростью: по сути, устанавливая плавающее обременение, стороны договариваются об обременении будущего имущества должника. Однако в силу запрета общего права на такого рода сделки в плавающее обеспечение вводилось условие о том, что оно (обеспечение) не вступит в силу до момента дефолта должника. В целом такой подход является скорее порождением формально-логических построений, основанных на общем праве; современные юристы рассматривают его как весьма неудачный1. Проф. Э. Ферран (E. Ferran), например, сообщает о том, что широкое распространение на практике получило плавающее обеспечение, содержащее условие о том, что компания, установившая обеспечение, принимает на себя обязательство не устанавливать на свое имущество какие-либо обременения, которые в момент кристаллизации окажутся старшими по отношению к порождаемому кристаллизацией fixed charge.
Российскому праву подход, понижающий ранг обеспечения, установленного в отношении не конкретного имущества, а имущественной массы, неизвестен (хотя наше право знает как минимум два обеспечения такого рода – залог товаров в обороте и залог всего или части имущества залогодателя).
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Information about the author
Bevzenko R.S. (Moscow) – Candidate of Legal Sciences, Professor of the Russian School of Private Law (103132, Moscow, Ilyinka St. 8, Bldg. 2; e-mail: rbevzenko@gmail.com).