Экзамен зачет учебный год 2023 / European Condominium Law
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Appeal) |
part i
Introduction and content
1 Introduction
1. Overview
Condominium law has not previously been the subject of a Common Core project. This can be partly attributed to the common perception that condominium law is simply a set of practical rules designed to solve daily problems in condominium schemes, and is therefore not worthy of detailed academic scrutiny. Additionally, condominium law is principally based on statutory law rather than fundamental concepts of property law. Nevertheless, condominium law has proved to be an excellent topic that lends itself to discussion of hypothetical scenarios. In many ways this is preferable to the abstract presentation of legal systems by reference to principles, rules and exceptions to the rules. It is also consistent with the factual approach of the Trento project, which is directed at proving that the answers to specific hypothetical situations are broadly similar irrespective of the particular rule or principle used to arrive at the answer. As a result of the practical nature of condominium law the selection of factual situations that form the basis for the various case studies was relatively straightforward, and many of the difficulties associated with dogmatic rigidity were avoided.
The aim of the Common Core Project is to provide a general picture of the different rules in various jurisdictions across Europe. The editors are asked to provide methodical and reliable information without forcing uniformity where it does not exist. The scope of the present project is not, however, limited to the current law. The section on recent developments in the final part of the book identifies beneficial future trends towards the harmonisation and codification of condominium law. This is not a stepping stone towards a European Civil
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Code, but rather it is a tentative first step towards the eventual possibility of harmonisation in the field of housing law across Europe.
2. The genesis and structure of the book
The project was initiated at the annual meeting of the Common Core Project in June 2009. The first draft of the questionnaire was discussed and eventually approved in an altered form that highlights the opposing views held by parties in relation to problematic issues in the sphere of condominium law. The questionnaire consists of two parts. Part I contains a set of general questions on different aspects of condominium law. Part II sets out a list of specific case studies. The main aim of the general part was to furnish information for the editor to write the introductory chapters found in Part I of the book.
Chapter 2 contains a survey of the historical development of the institution of condominium. Chapter 3 outlines the origins and development of condominium legislation of the jurisdictions presented in this book. Chapter 4 records the many faces of condominium, while Chapter 5 gives an account of the establishment of condominiums and basic concepts of condominium law. Because of length restraints, some of the information provided by the national reporters, for example on the structure of parking spaces and on certain management issues, could not be included in Part I.
Part II of the book contains the responses of the individual national reporters to ten case studies posed in the questionnaire. The case studies cover the following issues: the purchase of a unit based on building plans; the restrictions on the sale and letting of apartments; the responsibility for the maintenances of the various parts of a condominium scheme; the restrictions on the powers of use and enjoyment of one’s unit and the common property; mechanisms to deal with an owner who falls into arrears with the payment of levies; how jurisdictions deal with an offensive owner who makes life miserable for his co-residents; whether owners are obliged to put up with a plethora of rules introduced by the manager; the formal validity of resolutions; the rights and obligations of tenants who reside in a scheme; and issues involved in the modernisation of a condominium building.
Part III is devoted to the most recent developments in the sphere of condominium law.