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СИБИРСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ ПУТЕЙ СООБЩЕНИЯ

Е.С. БЫКАДОРОВА, С.О. МАНУЙЛОВА

The Basics of Management

Основы менеджмента

Методическиеуказания

НОВОСИБИРСК

2013

Foreword. Введение

Цель методических указаний – овладение терминологией в области менеджмента и ее практическое применение в деловых ситуациях в процессе профессионально-ориентированного общения.

Структура и логика предъявления содержательной учебной информации в методических указаниях обусловлены комплексным подходом и принципом междисциплинарности. Данный подход и принцип помогают студентам овладеть основными видами коммуникативной деятельности: говорением, чтением, письмом и переводом, пониманием аудио фрагментов на английском языке в объеме, достаточном для его практического применения.

Материал четко структурирован и сопровождается рядом методически разработанных заданий по профессиональной тематике и включает вопросы, связанные с основными вопросами менеджмента. Каждая тема в разделе начинается с лексикограмматических заданий, направленных на отработку навыков устного общения по профессиональной тематике и базовый текст с упражнениями, которые предполагают как индивидуальную аудиторную работу, так и работу в парах и группах.

Данная работа была апробирована на практике. Методические указания предназначены для студентов гуманитарных специальностей и могут быть использованы для аудиторной и самостоятельной работы студентов.

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“Today, a skilled manager makes more than the owner. And owners fight each other to get the skilled managers.” Mikhail Khodorkovsky (Russian entrepreneur)

Unit 1

THE DEFINITION OF MANAGEMENT

1a) What is management? Rank the following according to how important you think they are. Compare your answers with a partner.

i)planning, organization, motivation, control;

ii)an array of different functions undertaken to accomplish a task successfully;

iii)an art and a science;

iv)the process of how one achieves ones target or goals;

v)the managerial process of forming a strategic vision, setting objectives, crafting a strategy and then implementing and executing the strategy.

b) Read the text and compare your answers:

Management is based on scientific theories and today we can say that it is a developing science.

But knowledge of theories and principles doesn't provide practical results. It is necessary to know how to apply this knowledge. Practical application of knowledge in the management area requires certain abilities or skills. Here is an example:

Depending on its size, an organization may employ a number of specialized managers who are responsible for particular areas of management. A very large organization may employ many managers, each responsible for activities of one management area. In contrast, the owner of a sole proprietorship may be the only manager in the organization. He or she is responsible for all levels and areas of management.

What is important to an organization is not the number of managers it employs but the ability of these managers to achieve the organization's goals, and this ability requires great skills.

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In other words, management is the process of coordinating the resources of an organization to achieve the primary organizational goals.

c) Give your definition of management.

3 a) In what context do you think the following words and phrases will appear in the text?

The most important assets; gather information about competitors; higher-than-average pay; obtain money from customers; lengthy paid vacations.

b) Read the text and check your answers:

Main resources

Managers are concerned with the following main resources:

1. Material resources are physical materials and the equipment used by an organization to make a product. For example, cars are

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made on assembly lines. These assembly lines and the buildings that house them are material resources.

2.The most important resources of any organization are its human resources – people. Some firms believe that their employees are their most important assets. To keep employees content, a variety of incentives are used, including higher-than-average pay, flexible working hours, recreational facilities, lengthy paid vacations, cafeterias offering inexpensive meals, etc.

3.Financial resources are the funds the organization uses to meet its obligations to various creditors. A grocery store obtains money from customers and uses a portion of that money to pay the wholesalers from which it buys food. A large bank, borrows and lends money. A college obtains money in the form of tuition, income from its endowments, and federal grants. It uses the money to pay utility bills, insurance premiums, and professors' salaries. Each of these transactions involves financial resources.

4.Finally, many organizations increasingly find they cannot ignore information. External environment – including the economy, consumer markets, technology, politics, and cultural forces – are all changing so rapidly that an organization that does not adapt, will probably not survive. And, to adapt to change, the organization must know what is changing and how it is changing. Companies are finding it increasingly important to gather information about their competitors in today's business environment.

It is important to realize that these are only general categories of resources. Within each category are hundreds or thousands of more specific resources, from which management must choose those that can best accomplish its goals. Managers must coordinate this complex group of specific resources to produce goods and services.

4Read the text again and answer the questions that follow (1–5):

1.What main resources are managers concerned with?

2.What incentives are used to keep employees content? Why?

3.How does an organization obtain financial resources?

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4.Is external environment including the economy, consumer markets etc. changing rapidly?

5.What must organization do to survive?

5 Suggest the Russian equivalents:

To employ managers; a number (of); a variety (of); management area; the only manager; the owner of a sole proprietorship; levels and areas of management; to achieve the organization's goals; a great skill; human resources; tangible (material) resources; primary goals; employee; assets; recreational facilities; meet obligations; money; obtain money; income; insurance premium; salary; consumer market; survive; accomplish goals; produce goods and services; grant; endowment; utility bills; borrow and lend money; practical results.

6 Give the English equivalents:

Научные теории; способность руководить людьми; постановка целей; практические результаты; управлять деловыми фирмами; нанимать менеджеров; область (сфера) управления; владелец единоличной собственности; доход; оптовик; стимул; длительный оплачиваемый отпуск; занимать деньги; оплачивать счета предприятий коммунального обслуживания; зарплата; финансовая операция; фонд; приспособиться к изменению; конкурент; осуществить цели; активы; побудительный мотив; развивающаяся наука, выработка стратегии, психолог.

7 a) Explain the words in bold from the text and make up sentences of your own. Use English-English dictionaries to help you.

b)Find synonyms for the words in italics.

c)What is the difference between such words as: goal; aim; objective; task; purpose?

8 Fill in the blanks and translate the sentences:

1.Management is based on … and today we can say that it is … .

2.The owner of a sole proprietorship may be the only … in the organization.

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3.Management is the process of coordinating the resources of the organization to achieve the … of the organization.

4.Managers are concerned with four types of … .

5.Material resources are … resources.

6.Human resources are perhaps the most … resources.

7.To keep employees content, a variety of … are used.

8.A large bank … and … money.

9.External environment is changing so rapidly that an organization that does not adapt will probably not … .

10.Companies are finding it increasingly important to gather … about their … .

11.Managers must coordinate the complex group of specific resources to produce … and … .

9 Translate into English:

1.Менеджмент основан на научных теориях и представляет собой процесс координации ресурсов организации для достижения организационных целей.

2.Менеджеры связаны с четырьмя видами ресурсов: материальными, финансовыми, людскими и информационными.

3.Наиболее важными ресурсами любой организации являются ее людские ресурсы.

4.Ряд стимулов помогают служащим работать успешно.

5.Материальные ресурсы – это материалы, из которых изготовлена продукция, а также оборудование, используемое для ее производства.

6.Финансовые ресурсы – это фонды, которые использует организация для выполнения своих обязательств перед различными кредиторами.

7.Внешнее окружение, включая экономику, потребительские рынки, технологию, политику и культурные факторы, изменяется очень быстро.

8.Организация, которая не приспосабливается к внешнему окружению, как правило, не выживает.

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10 You’ve misheard the information. Make it more exact, putting questions:

Example: A: A good management style is a blend of both efficiency and effectiveness.

B:What is a good management style?

1.The verb ‘manage’ comes from the Italian maneggiare (to handle – especially tools), which in turn derives from the Latin manus (hand).

2.Motivation is also a kind of basic function of management, because without motivation, employees cannot work effectively.

3.A good environment and team spirit is required within the business.

4.Demand for project management in educational and academic programs is growing.

11 Match the terms and their definitions:

12 a) Fill in the gaps with the words from the box and translate the text:

a)responsible; b) question; c) means; d) improve; e) damage;

f)manpower; g) employees; h) use

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BETTER UTILIZATION OF RESOURCES

«Resource utilization» is becoming a familiar term in management theory. It 1) … achievement of greater economy in the use of everything – metals, minerals, energy, water, 2) …, finance, etc. The main management technique is better cost control. It means answering the 3) … : «How can we achieve the same value of output while reducing all our resource inputs?» The answer is: «We must 4) … quality and standards required by consumers and industrial customers and make longer our product's life. Second, we must include economy in the 5) … of natural resources if they are scarce. It may be the best way to use scarce resources».

The best solution for companies is to set up a resources utilization section. In small companies with 1000 6) … two men will be enough.

A company's management must be very 7) … . Resource utilization must not cause 8) … to people and environment.

b) Answer the text-based questions that follow:

1.What does the term ‘resource utilization’ mean?

2.How should a manager reduce the costs?

3.Who must be responsible?

4.What is the best way of using scarce resources?

13 Puzzle out the crossword:

U P E E Y O L P M E O R

T E K W C U S T O M E R

I N L N C M B Z S Q F C

L V J G O A L O H D E O

I I A K A W L W Y I Q M

Z R Y R Q E L N V C U P

A O X S E S M E A N I E

T N L W Y A P R D W P T

I M L Y M O B X C G M I

O E I N C E N T I V E T

N N B T E K R A M R N O

O T A T A S S E T S T R

1 – область; 2 – стимул; 3 – оборудование; 4 – знание; 5 – собственник; 6 – окружающая среда; 7 – покупатель; 8 – конкурент; 9 – использование; 10 – значить; 11 – единоличный; 12 – активы; 13 – цель; 14 – зарплата; 15 – работник; 16 – счет; 17 – рынок.

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