Перевод информационно-экспрессивных текстов (110

ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ОБРАЗОВАНИЮ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ

ВЫСШЕГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ «ВОРОНЕЖСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ»

Е.А. Княжева И.Н. Яковлева

ПЕРЕВОД ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-ЭКСПРЕССИВНЫХ ТЕКСТОВ

Учебное пособие

Издательско-полиграфический центр Воронежского государственного университета

2009

Задание 1. Выполните предпереводческий анализ и определите доминанты перевода следующего текста.

Adapt or Die

The wind of change is blowing through the empire of fast food. The vision of endless growth through new markets across the planet for fast food companies now looks unsustainable when it's not what people want anymore.

When fashions, styles and tastes change, it's time to adapt or die. As the fast food companies have expanded around the world, they have had to adapt to local sensitivities.

In the old days, no franchise holder could deviate from the 700 page McDonald's operations manual known as "the Bible". But that policy may be changing.

In the 34 restaurants in India, the "Maharaja Mac" is made of mutton, and the vegetarian options contain no meat or eggs. There were disturbances in India when it was learned that McDonald's french fries were precooked in beef fat in the USA, because Hindus revere cows and cannot eat beef. Likewise, McDonald's in Pakistan offers three spicy "McMaza meals", Chatpata Chicken Roll, Chicken ' Chutni Burger and Spicy Chicken Burger. In the USA itself, the taste for the food of the Eisenhower-era brightly coloured takeaway has changed over fifty years too.

What the market is meant to offer is more choice, not less. In the heart land of America, at Evansville, Indiana, there's now a McDonald's With the Diner Inside, where waitresses serve 100 combinations of food, on china.

At the end of 2002, McDonald's began closing 175 outlets in 10 countries. Some were branches in cities like London, but the company pulled out altogether from some countries that were not giving appropriate financial returns.

The reasons for these corporate changes may not be just to do with fast food. One of Ray Kroc's partners once admitted that McDonald's was not really

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in the food business at all, but in real estate. McDonald's actually makes most of its money from rent, because it owns more retail property than any other company on earth. Land is more valuable than appetite, and the sites are more valuable an asset than what they sell. Will McDonald's mutate into another business entirely, in order to survive?

Задание 2. Подберите русские соответствия к выделенным словам и предложите варианты перевода следующих газетных заголовков.

1.DICTATOR OUSTED: PLEA FOR CALM

2.NEW MOVES TO HALT BORDER CLASHES

3.KIDNAP BID FOILED: 3 QUIZZED, 2 FLEE

4.CABINET LEAK: CALL FOR PROBE

5.EU SPLIT OVER LIFTING OF TRAVEL CURBS

6.DEAD ENVOY RIDDLE: YARD BAFFLED

7.PM RAPS BBC IN JOBS AXE STORM

8.PEER DIES IN FLATS BLAZE DRAMA

9.COMMONS STORM OVER DEFENCE CUTS

10.FIGHTING FOOTBALL FANS FACE FINES

11.PM BACKS ARMS BAN TO WOO LEFT

Задание 3. Преобразуйте тексты следующих новостных сообщений в газетные заголовки на русском языке.

1.Eighteen people were killed when the army tried to overthrow the government.

2.A leading diplomat has been mysteriously murdered.

3.The Prime Minister is trying to win the support of the trade unions.

4.The director of British Petroleum has been forced to resign.

5.A Member of Parliament was questioned by the police in an investigation into the use of illegal drugs.

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Задание 4. Какую информацию несет упоминание в текстах СМИ следующих имен собственных?

Задание 5. Определите объем фоновой информации, необходимой для раскрытия содержания следующих британских реалий при переводе.

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Even the Daily Mail exclaimed on its front page, "I'm keeping every penny" in outrage at Fred Goodwin's pension. Maybe the paper is planning a change of direction, and will be sold in shopping precincts by left-wing groups, yelling "SMASH the bosses, get the WORKER'S Mail, for suburban fashion tips, 20 ways to cook a parsnip and an all-out GENERAL strike."

Even Karl Marx himself is in vogue. Most papers have had articles about him in their business sections, commending his analysis of booms and slumps, and he was on the front page of The Times. Soon a Times editorial will begin: "As the global downturn gathers pace, perhaps one economic remedy to be considered by our esteemed guardians is a violent workers' revolution as envisaged by Mister Karl Marx, and championed with consummate aplomb on page 32 by William Rees-Mogg."

A passage from Marx about the insatiable greed of bankers was quoted on Radio 2 one morning by Terry Wogan. For all I know he's doing it every day now, muttering: "Now here's a jolly old lesson from the old boy Karl – about those rascals of the bourgeoisie, it seems they've been robbing us blind all along and no mistake, so let's overthrow the nitwits for a bit of mischief. In the meantime this is 'Surrey with the Fringe on Top'."

Sales of Marx's Capital are at an all-time high, and this can't just be due to the current rage against characters such as Fred Goodwin and his merry bonus. It must also be because Marx fathomed that under capitalism, boom and slump would remain a perpetual cycle, as opposed to those such as Gordon Brown, who said once an hour for five years, "We have abolished boom and bust", a theory which is now in need of a minor tweak.

But Marx might be surprised at the way he usually appears in these articles, as if he was mostly an analyst, a Robert Peston of his day. As a professional analyst, Marx would have been a disaster. For example, one year after Capital was due, his publishers asked him when it would arrive and he wrote back: "You'll be pleased to know I have begun the actual writing."

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But he might also dispute the idea attributed to him, that slumps make the collapse of capitalism inevitable. Because while he said SLUMPS were inevitable, he also said the outcome wasn't inevitable at all, but depended on whether the poor allow the rich to make them pay for it.

Which is to say an abridged version of the 1,100 pages of Capital would go: "I'll tell you what we should do, spray them with wildebeest odour and make them run through the Serengeti, with a commentary by Attenborough, then..."

Задание 7. Подберите русские соответствия следующим образным клише с учетом жанрово-стилевой специфики газетно-журнального текста.

1.energy flows ("The New York Times")

2.capital injection ("The Financial Times")

3.the currency fall ("American Thinker")

4.economic ties ("The Washington Post" о налаживании экономических связей между Грузией и Западом)

5.information leaks ("The Independent")

6.money laundering ("The Guardian")

7.the pendulum of public opinion ("The National Interest")

8.ethnic cleansing ("The Observer")

9.the party's breakdown and policy paralysis ("Reuters")

10.immunity from prosecution in Russia ("The Times")

11.a surge of inflation ("The Observer")

12.economic and financial storm ("The Washington Post" )

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Задание 8. Продумайте возможные стратегии перевода метафор, использованных в следующих предложениях.

1.The financial system suffered a temporary cardiac arrest.

2.But these are slim and tender shoots on which to base predictions that Russia is heading into a new spring of democracy.

3.Their aim is to derail Iran's nuclear weapons program.

4.The Russians have complained that the United States has given them the cold shoulder.

5.He runs the tiny republic with an iron fist.

6.Senior American officials live in their own bubbles.

7.Vladimir Putin stripped away the independence of Russia's central bank.

8.Oil is the lifeblood of the Russian economy.

9.Now we learn Mr Crozier, already the UK's highest-paid public servant, has the same sort of fat-cat pension arrangement.

10.Once aloft in the dark void of space, the Hubble promises a leap in astronomical observing power unlike anything since 1609, when Galileo first pointed a telescope at the heavens.

11.The Hubble is a spyglass that enables astronomers to look way back in time to earlier age of the cosmos.

12.None of us are from Memphis. We are all transplants. 13.And now he was forced to act as if he was an ignorant pawn. 14.The United States was not plagued by crony capitalism.

Задание 9. Переведите следующие предложения, уделяя особое внимание выбору значения многозначного слова с учетом приведенного контекста.

1.Cowperwood had an interest in this business and hoped to reap good profit.

2.President Carter advised his cabinet that he expected to resolve the remaining disarmament differences personally with Soviet leader.

3.The English channel is only twenty miles across but it presents a challenge even to the strongest swimmers.

4.Many communities have turned to private security companies.

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5.Instead of declaring serious concerns about the court from the outset, the president and his representatives trumpeted their support.

6.Mozart’s dead, and I’m alive.

7.There are doubts that the Russian government could deliver on its tough austerity package.

8.If any clear message has come out of this meeting, it’s that the 178 nations will all have to change.

9.These institutions can be seen as an unusually sophisticated system of

economic organization from an imperial centre.

10.The record of the British ministers has mostly been poor.

Задание 10. Сформулируйте переводческие проблемы и определите способы их решения при переводе названий следующих организаций.

1.International Union of Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources

2.Center for International Environmental Law

3.Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe

4.International Organization on Business and Investments

5.United Nations Environmental Program

6.International Chamber of Commerce

7.International Court of Justice

8.Association of South-East Nation

9.The Gulf Cooperation Council

10.Northwest Translators and Interpreters Society

11.World Tourism Organization

12. South-Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)

13.Council of Mutual Economic Assistance

14. Guild of European Translators

Задание 11. Выполните полный письменный перевод следующих текстовых фрагментов.

1. With funding from the National Science Foundation, NEON program managers plan to collect and archive data online for at least 30 years. The

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