- •© Хабаровская государственная академия экономики и права, 2002
- •Предисловие
- •CHINA
- •Read and translate the texts
- •China; History and Geography
- •Key word – combinations
- •X. Make up a concise survey of China, considering the following points
- •Read and translate the text
- •The economy of China
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Insert the prepositions if necessary
- •III. Complete the sentences
- •IV. Say whether these statements are true or false
- •V. Answer the questions
- •Texts for additional reading
- •1. China's Attractions
- •2. National holidays
- •What do the following dates tell you about?
- •JAPAN
- •Read and translate the text
- •The geography of Japan
- •Climate
- •Ex. 2. Use the correct article (definite or indefinite) where necessary
- •Ex. 3. Choose the correct preposition in the following sentences
- •Ex. 4. Complete the sentences
- •Ex. 5. Answer the questions. Work with a map of Japan
- •Ex. 6. Make up a concise survey of Japan, considering the following points
- •Economy
- •Ex. 3. Insert prepositions if necessary
- •Ex. 4. Say whether these statements are true or false
- •Ex. 5. Complete the sentences
- •Ex. 6. Answer the questions
- •Ex. 7. Make up brief rendering of the text, considering the following
- •Read and translate the following texts for Additional Reading
- •Vocabulary
- •Answer the questions
- •Traditional art
- •Vocabulary
- •Answer the questions
- •Render in English
- •Famous people
- •Vocabulary
- •Ex. 2. Use the correct article (definite or indefinite) if necessary
- •Ex. 3. Insert prepositions
- •Ex. 4. Complete the sentences
- •Ex. 5. Say whether these statements are true or false
- •Ex. 6. Answer the questions. Work with a map Korea
- •The Economy of Korea
- •Ex. 4. Complete the sentences
- •Ex. 5. Say whether these statements are true or false
- •Ex. 6. Match up the following
- •Ex. 7. Answer the questions
- •Read and translate the following texts for additional reading
- •Match the following
- •Vocabulary
- •Match up the following
- •Vocabulary
- •Answer the questions
- •Reader in English; using the following key words and word-combinations
- •Страны Тихоокеанского региона
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The British pattern of the Parliament has |
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Literature
Japanese literature is an important part of the everyday life of Japanese people. Many well-educated persons in Japan can write poetry as easily as they write business letters.
The Japanese have (got) a deep love of tradition, and a great love of form. These two characteristics show up in their literature. Most dramatic and poetic forms are hundreds of years old. The Japan's literature began under the influence of the Chinese. Today it is influenced by ideas from the Western world. But it has been developing by itself for over 1,000 years.
The rhyme and rhythm, found in western poems do not exist in Japanese poetry because of the nature of the language. Poems written in classical verse forms are all descriptions. The poet expects the reader to feel the scene himself. His poem only suggests the feeling. There are two major verse forms; these are the "tanka" and "the haiku". They are measured by the number of syllables in a line and by the number of lines in a poem. The "tanka" has only thirty-one syllables in five lines. The "haiku" has only three lines with five, seven and nine syllables. The rules for writing this brief poem are very strict. Modern poets often imitate the structure of Western forms. Children's poems ("doyo") and folk songs ("minyo") are also popular.
Prose writing in Japan has not usually been as important as the other forms. The Japanese have some long novels but usually prefer shorter forms such as a short story. They have also developed a rambling diary-type book which combines short essays with the diary. Many works of fiction are based on historical events or on long folk sagas or legends.
Vocabulary
show up – зд. проявляться to exist – существовать description – описание
to expect – ожидать
to suggest – предлагать to measure – измерять syllable – слог
strict – зд. строгий
to prefer – предпочитать rambling – бессвязный