Ползунова Англиыскиы язык для студентов 1-го курса неязыковыкх вузов 2014

IX. Complete the sentences with the given word combinations /

Закончите предложения, выбрав соответствующий показатель времени

1.England had only two universities.

2.British universities host a large number of foreign students.

3.They will take a Master degree.

4.Universities in Britain are all private institutions.

5.Many red-brick universities appeared.

6.Have you heard about Open University?

7.Many various schools and colleges became a part of the federal university.

After two years of study, every year, in 1827, in the past, ever, two centuries ago, nowadays.

X. Make up sentences and translate them into Russian / Составьте

предложения из данных слов и переведите их

1)a Bachelor degree, after, the students, years, take, three, of study.

2)correspondence, learning, Open University, through, conducts.

3)universities, did, plate-glass, when, appear?

4)Britain, universities, there, in, how many, today, are?

5)isn't, a Master degree, degree, to students, the highest, awarded.

XI. What were the questions? / Составьте вопросы,

на которые даны эти ответы

1.«The University» arranges lectures for all the students of all col-

leges.

2.British universities fall into four broad categories.

3.The most famous are Oxford and Cambridge.

4.The Doctor degree is awarded for research and the submission of a thesis.

5.Many various schools and colleges became a part of the federal university.

6.Many redbrick universities were established in the 19th century.

31

7.Open University conducts learning through correspondence, radio and television.

8.Yes, British universities host a large number of foreign students.

XII. Find additional information to answer the questions / Найдите

дополнительную информацию и ответьте на вопросы

1.What is a tutor?

2.How many terms are there in the British university year?

3.Whom do they call a graduate; an undergraduate?

4.Do most students at British Universities pay for tuition?

5.What river is Cambridge situated on?

6.What great men studied at Oxbridge?

7.What are the traditional clothes of the students at Oxbridge?

8.What do they call residential Universities?

XIII. Describe the system of higher education in Great Britain with the help of the chart. Use the following functional phrases /

Составьте краткое описание системы высшего образования в Великобритании, пользуясь нижеприведенной схемой.

В своѐм сообщении используйте нижеприведенные речевые фразы

32

РАЗДЕЛ IV. СИСТЕМА ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В США

(THE SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE USA)

I. Read the words / Прочитайте следующие слова

private [΄praivit] pattern [΄pætən] collegiate [kə΄li:ʤɪət] rural [΄ruərəl]

urban [΄ə:bən] secular [΄sekjulə] associate [ə΄soυ∫ieit] Harvard [΄ha:vəd]

Yale [΄jeɪəl]

Massachusetts [ֽmæsə΄t∫u:sits] campus [΄kæmpəs]

minor [΄mainə] candidate [΄kændideɪt] dissertation [ֽdisə:΄tei∫ən] semester [si΄mestə] sophomore [΄sɔfəmɔ:] senior [΄si:njə]

II. Read and translate the text / Прочитайте и переведите текст

There is no national system of higher education in the United States. Education is considered to be a matter for the people of each state. Although there is a federal Department of Education, its function is merely to gather information, to advise, and to help finance certain educational programmes.

In general, colleges and universities, whether state or private, are quite free to determine their own individual standards.

Basically, American higher education developed its own pattern by the adaptation of two traditions: the collegiate tradition of England and the University tradition of the Continent.

34

There are about 3,300 institutions. They may be small or large, rural or urban, private or public, religious or secular, highly selective or open to all.

All higher educational establishments charge fees. Grants are rare, that's why most of college students take part-time jobs to pay for their studies.

The American college is an institution which has no counterpart in Europe. It offers courses of instruction over a four-year period. It grants a Bachelor's degree and prepares the student for a job. There are also many Junior or Community Colleges. They provide only the first two years of study and an Associate's degree. Such colleges offer courses related to local industry or agriculture.

A college can also be a part of a university. Most of the US Universities have a central campus. Colleges of Law, Business, Medicine, Engineering and Journalism can be found on one campus. Thus students can attend courses at various colleges. During the first two years they follow a basic programme. It means that every student must select at least one course from each of the basic fields of study.

After the first two years every student majors in one subject and minors in another. In addition he can select other subjects according to his professional interest.

After completing four years of study the students receive a Bachelor's degree. And with an additional year of study they may receive a Master's degree. The minimum period of study accepted for the degree of Ph. D. (Doctor of Philosophy) is two or three years. The candidates for this degree carry on an investigation in the field of the main subject of study. Then they submit the dissertation which embodies the results of their researches. Also they possess reading knowledge of French, German and often Latin.

The methods of instruction in the universities are lectures, discussions and work in laboratories. The academic year is usually of nine months duration or two semesters.

The students' progress is often evaluated through quizzes, term papers, and a final examination in each course.

At the four year American college students are classified as freshmen, sophomores, juniors, and seniors. All students who graduate from

35

the senior course and who continue studying at a university are gradu- ate-students.

Obviously, there must be great differences in quality and reputation among 156 universities and more than two thousand colleges in the USA. The main universities are: California University, Johns Hopkins University, Columbia University, Chicago University, and Yale University. The best-known of all is Harvard, Massachusetts, which was founded in 1636. There is much in common between Harvard and Yale. And together they occupy a position in American university life rather like Oxbridge in England.

III. Make possible derivatives / Образуйте возможные производные от данных глаголов

Educate; relate; attend; select; investigate; graduate; differ.

IV. Find the equivalents in the text / Найдите в тексте

эквиваленты

1)высшее образование;

2)оказывать помощь в финансировании определенных образовательных программ;

3)вольны определять собственные стандарты;

4)сельские или городские, проводящие жесткий отбор или открытые для всех;

5)работают неполный рабочий день;

6)аналог;

7)предоставляет степень;

8)связанные с местной промышленностью или сельским хозяйством;

9)территория университета;

10)выполнять основную программу;

11)специализируется по узкому предмету и уделяет меньше времени другому;

12)наименьший период обучения, необходимый для получения степени;

36

13)проводить исследование;

14)защищать диссертацию;

15)методы преподавания;

16)учебный год;

17)оценивать;

18)студенты первого, второго, третьего, четвертого курсов;

19)много общего.

V. Complete the sentences / Заполните пропуски,

выбрав требуемый по смыслу вариант

1)Colleges and universities can ... (provide, evaluate, determine) their own individual standards.

2)American higher educational pattern is based on two ... (subjects, traditions, degrees).

3)Most of college students pay for their studies because ... (grants, fees, courses) are rare.

4)There is a central ... (college, body, campus) in most of the US Universities.

5)After the first two years of study students get... (a Bachelor's degree, an Associate's degree, a Master's degree).

6)The candidates for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy ... (attend, investigate, possess) reading knowledge of French, German and often Latin.

7)Teachers ... (classify, evaluate, receive) students through quizzes, term papers and examinations.

8)The academic year ... (duration, relation, composition) is nine months.

VI. Give definitions / Дайте определения следующим понятиям

Associate's degree, dissertation, freshman, sophomore, a highly selective institution, to major in a subject, graduate-student, campus.

37

VII. Are the statements true or false? / Верны ли

следующие утверждения?

1)There is National University in the USA.

2)American higher education adopted the collegiate tradition of England.

3)The students do not go to the University free of charge.

4)Five years are necessary to get a Bachelor's degree.

5)Junior Colleges prepare students for local industry.

6)A University includes colleges of one and the same field of study.

7)The academic year is divided into two semesters.

8)A college students are undergraduates.

9)Students who must work as well as study are the rule rather than the exception.

10)All American colleges and universities are of equal quality and reputation.

Задания для самостоятельной работы

VIII. Make up 15 questions to the text / Составьте 15 вопросов по тексту

IX. Tell about the system of higher education in the USA following the chart / Расскажите о системе высшего образования в США, опираясь на нижеприведенную схему

38

Use the functional phrases /В своѐм сообщении используйте следующие речевые фразы

X. Find additional information and answer the questions / Найдите

дополнительную информацию и ответьте на вопросы

1.When were Harvard and Yale Colleges founded?

2.What are fraternities and sororities in American colleges and universities?

3.Whose three greatest achievements are engraved in his tombstone: "Author of the Declaration of American Independence, of the Statute of Virginia for Religious Freedom and Father of the University of Virginia"?

40