O_sovremennom_Kitae

33626. 2030-й: Каким будет предстоящее десятилетие? Взгляд за горизонт

всоциально-экономическом развитии, могут увлечь за собой большинство стран континента и совместно стать творцами «африканского экономического чуда». «Когда совместно борются, то победят и слабые», – записано в сокровищнице индийской мудрости «Панчатантра». Наступает время «афрооптимизма». Эксперты ООН считают такой прогноз вполне реальным, если в африканских странах будут осуществлены структурные реформы в промышленности, экспортного и импортного баланса, а также изменения в социальной политике. Наряду с Китаем36 Россия будет играть весомую роль

вразвитии Африки37.

Однополярный мир уйдёт в историю

С начала нового тысячелетия мир постоянно находился в состоянии перемен. Международный терроризм после 11 сентября 2001 года заявил о себе как абсолютное мировое зло. Число вооружённых конфликтов не снизилось38. Особенно острой оставалась ситуация на Ближнем Востоке. Во втором десятилетии XXI века ситуация в глобальной политике и экономике перманентно переживала высокий уровень турбулентности и напряжения. Международные отношения испытали один из самых сложных периодов с начала нулевых. В третьем десятилетии XXI века в мире должен сформироваться полицентричный миропорядок, в котором на основе широкого сотрудничества будет обеспечиваться верховенство международного права. Многое в мировой политике и экономике будет зависить от характера взаимодействия США, России и Китая – самых могущественных государств мира39. Однополярный мир окончательно уйдёт в историю.

Диалог и международное сотрудничество должны укрепляться

История напоминает нам о том, что строительство международных отношений нового типа – это всегда сложный процесс. Нередко он

36Africa Cooperation. // Forum on China // URL: https:// www.focac.org/chn/

37Саммит и Экономический Форум Россия – Африка // URL: https:// summitafrica.ru/

38Armed Conflicts // UN // URL: https://news.un.org/en/tags/armed-conflict

39Most Powerful Countries // U.S. News & World Report // URL: https://www. usnews.com/news/best-countries/power-rankings

проходит «по острию ножа». Но у человечества одна общая судьба. Большинство глобальных проблем – от противодействия международному терроризму и незаконному обороту наркотических средств до борьбы с изменением климата и инфекционными болезнями, включая особо опасные, – решить одной отдельно взятой стране, какой бы могущественной она ни была, невозможно. Для эффективного противодействия современным вызовам и угрозам необходимо, чтобы международное сотрудничество превалировало над соперничеством. Очевидно, что силовое навязывание миру западными странами собственных, так называемых «универсальных» моделей развития, потерпело фиаско. Великий французский писатель Виктор Гюго сказал: «В человеческом сознании мир может быть установлен торжеством справедливости; в сфере материальных интересов – торжеством прогресса; между народами – торжеством братства».

Наступивший новый 2020 год имеет особое значение для всего человечества: 75 лет тому назад победой над фашизмом завершилась самая кровопролитная в истории человечества Мировая война. Память о миллионах человеческих жертв Второй мировой войны призывает каждого из нас быть бдительным, решительно выступать против экстремизма и любых бесчеловечных идей. Один из важных уроков послевоенного периода заключается в том, что только на основе взаимного уважения и взаимовыгодного сотрудничества, равенства и справедливости можно сохранить мир на Земле и построить совместное будущее. Хочется надеяться, что предстоящее десятилетие станет периодом глубокого переосмысления уроков недавнего прошлого, восстановления конструктивного взаимодействия, в первую очередь, между постоянными членами Совета Безопасности ООН, и укрепления международного сотрудничества в интересах сохранения мира на Земле и устойчивого развития.

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Chinese firm contracted to build massive hydropower plant in Angola // // http://www.xinhuanet.com//english/2017-08/05/c_136502006.htm

Chinese firm helps Bangladesh build a bridge benefiting 80 million people // // URL: http://en.people.cn/n3/2019/1216/c90000-9640817.html

Chinese-funded hydropower project expected to light up Burundi // CGTN // https://africa.cgtn.com/2019/11/05/chinese-funded-hydropower-project- expected-to-light-up-burundi/

Chinese-invested refinery becomes Kyrgyzstan’s second largest taxpayer // CCTV+. URL: http://www.cctvplus.com/news/20190611/8112976.shtml

Chinese-invested silk road hospital boosts health care delivery in Ethiopia // // http://en.people.cn/n3/2019/1106/c90000-9629756.html

Chinese Investment and the BRI in Sri Lanka // Chatham House // URL: https:// www.chathamhouse.org/publication/chinese-investment-and-bri-sri-lanka Chinese investment needed in Djibouti // China Daily // URL: http://www.china-

daily.com.cn/a/201904/25/WS5cc10b5da3104842260b839a.html

Chinese naval hospital ship honored // China Daily // https://www.chinadaily. com.cn/a/201912/13/WS5df355fba310cf3e3557e0c1.html