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DZ`^Zy ba [_]msbo \heg |
ih p_ihqd_ ij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hc |
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g_aZ\bkbfuc hkpbeeylhj k qZklhlhc dhe_[Zgby &6 |
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Zfieblm^hc $6 |
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gZau\Zxlky ghjfZevgufb dhe_[Zgbyfb |
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D\Zgl ghjfZevguo dhe_[Zgbc djbklZeebq_kdhc j_r_ldb ± |
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nhghg ± |
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d\ZabqZklbpZ k wg_j]b_c |
b d\Zabbfimevkhf |
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K ± ihklhyggZy IeZgdZ |
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fh^_eb >_[Zy \f_klh |
keh`guo aZ\bkbfhkl_c |
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& N Ya\N |
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qlh ohjhrh hibku\Z_l aZ\bkbfhklv & N gZ gbadbo a\mdh\uo qZklhlZo |
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Kdhjhklv a\mdZ Ya\ \ wlhf kemqZ_ gZoh^blky ba khhlghr_gby ih |
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ba\_klghc fZdkbfZevghc qZklhl_ Zdmklbq_kdbo nhghgh\ ± qZklhl_ >_[Zy |
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\_dlhjZ NPD[ ijb wlhf |
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QZklhlm >_[Zy &' gZoh^yl h[uqgh ih ba\_klghc oZjZdl_jbklbq_kdhc |
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l_fi_jZlmj_ >_[Zy 7' ba khhlghr_gby |
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HdhgqZl_evgh ^ey kdhjhklb a\mdZ kdhjhklb Zdmklbq_kdbo nhgh\ ih |
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fh^_eb >_[Zy ihemqZ_f |
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Bkihevamy khhlghr_gb_ b ^Zggu_ ^ey f_^b gZoh^bf |
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AZ^ZqZ |
Hij_^_eblv qbkeh hilbq_kdbo nhghgh\ \ dj_fgbb ijb |
7 D Wg_j]bx \ha[m`^_gby hilbq_kdbo nhghgh\ kqblZlv jZ\ghc |
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hij_^_ey_lky |
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]^_ N ± ihklhyggZy ;hevpfZgZ 7 ± l_fi_jZlmjZ djbklZeebq_kdhc j_r_ldb |
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Ijb |
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kemqZc \ukhdbo l_fi_jZlmj |
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>ey gZr_]h kemqZy kj_^g__ qbkeh nhghgh\ k wg_j]b_c |
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Ijb 7' |
! 7 |
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hilbq_kdb_ nhghgu \ dj_fgbb ijb. g_ \ha[m`^Zxlky |
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AZ^ZqZ GZclb \_dlhju h[jZlghc j_r_ldb ^ey jhf[hw^jbq_kdh]h |
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djbklZeeZ dZevpby &D&2 _keb D gf . ƒ |
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>ey hibkZgby k\hckl\ \hegh\h]h \_dlhjZ kem`bl h[jZlgh_ |
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ijhkljZgkl\h beb ijhkljZgkl\h \hegh\h]h \_dlhjZ K\yav h[jZlgh]h |
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ijhkljZgkl\Z |
h[jZlghc j_r_ldb |
k dhgnb]mjZpbhgguf |
ijhkljZgkl\hf |
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ijyfhc j_r_ldhc hkms_kl\ey_lky khhlghr_gbyfb |
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]^_ |
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± [Zabkgu_ \_dlhju h[jZlghc j_r_ldb |
± [Zabkgu_ |
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\_dlhju ijyfhc j_r_ldb 9 ± h[t_f we_f_glZjghc yq_cdb |
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< jhf[hw^jbq_kdhc yq_cd_ D E |
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F . Ke_^h\Zl_evgh kh]eZkgh |
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F . m]eu f_`^m [Zabkgufb \_dlhjZfb h[jZlghc |
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j_r_ldb |
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H[t_f we_f_glZjghc yq_cdb |
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AZ^ZqZ Hij_^_eblv l_ieh_fdhklv djbklZeeZ f_^b ih]jm`_ggh]h \ djbhklZl k `b^dbf ]_eb_f
L_ieh_fdhklv l\_j^uo l_e ijb \ukhdhc l_fi_jZlmj_ hibku\Z_lky aZdhghf >xehg]Z±Ilb deZkkbq_kdZy fh^_ev
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qZklhlZ >_[Zy khhl\_lkl |
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D jZkijhkljZgyxs_cky ih |
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j_r_ld_ |
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KemqZc \ukhdbo l_fi_jZlmj 7 !! 7' khhl\_lkl\m_l < kemqZ_ |
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gbadbo l_fi_jZlmj 7 7' |
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L_fi_jZlmjZ |
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l_fi_jZlmju wdki_jbf_glZ 7+H |
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Ke_^h\Zl_evgh ^ey h[eZklb |
gbadbo l_fi_jZlmj kijZ\_^eb\Z nhjfmeZ hij_^_e_gby l_ieh_fdhklb
L_fZ KL:LBKLBD: WE?DLJHGH< L<?J>H=H L?E:
>ey oZjZdl_jbklbdb khklhygby [hevrh]h qbkeZ qZklbp b d\ZabqZklbp \ l\_j^hf l_e_ lZdbo dZd we_dljhgu nhghgu ^ujdb Zlhfu ijbf_kb b ij
bkihevamxl deZkkbq_kdb_ b d\Zglh\u_ klZlbklbq_kdb_ jZkij_^_e_gby klZlbklbdm ;hevpfZgZ ± ^ey deZkkbq_kdbo qZklbp klZlbklbdm ;ha_± Wcgrl_cgZ b IeZgdZ ± ^ey nhghgh\ klZlbklbdm N_jfb±>bjZdZ ± ^ey we_dljhgh\ b ^ujhd \ \ujh`^_gghf khklhygbb
AZ^Zqb wlhc l_fu kem`Zl nhjfbjh\Zgbx gZ\udh\ ijZ\bevgh]h \u[hjZ b bkihevah\Zgby lhc beb bghc klZlbklbdb ^ey hibkZgby k\hckl\ qZklbp \ aZ^Zgguo khklhygbyo ]eZ\guf h[jZahf we_dljhgh\ \ l\_j^hf l_e_
AZ^ZqZ |
Hij_^_eblv khklhygb_ we_dljhggh]h ]ZaZ \ djbklZee_ |
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dj_fgby Q f± P P ijb 7 . |
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Khklhygb_ we_dljhggh]h ]ZaZ \ djbklZee_ fh`_l [ulv \ujh`^_gguf |
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l _ hibku\Z_lky jZkij_^_e_gb_f N_jfb±>bjZdZ ^ey kbkl_fu d\Zglh\uo |
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qZklbp k ihemp_euf kibghf b k obfbq_kdbf ihl_gpbZehf jZ\guf wg_j]bb |
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N_jfb |
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]^_ |
± |
kj_^g__ qbkeh qZklbp |
\ khhl\_lkl\bb k wg_j]b_c (Q |
ijb |
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l_fi_jZlmj_ 7 |
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± nmgdpby jZkij_^_e_gby qZklbp ih khklhygbyf k |
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wg_j]b_c |
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?keb N7 !() |
^ey ex[h]h (Q lh i_j_oh^bl \ jZkij_^_e_gb_ ^ey |
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b^_Zevgh]h ]ZaZ we_dljhgh\ ^ujhd dhlhjh_ gZau\Z_lky g_\ujh`^_gguf b |
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hibku\Z_lky jZkij_^_e_gb_f ;hevpfZgZ ih khklhygbyf k wg_j]b_c (Q ^ey |
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kbkl_fu deZkkbq_kdbo g_\aZbfh^_ckl\mxsbo qZklbp |
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]^_ $ |
H[S N7 |
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± ihklhyggZy |
^ey ^Zgghc kbkl_fu ijb aZ^Zgghc |
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l_fi_jZlmj_ 7 () |
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± obfbq_kdbc ihl_gpbZe |
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<ujh`^_gguc we_dljhgguc ]Za oZjZdl_jbam_lky agZq_gb_f iZjZf_ljh\ |
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N_jfb b ij_`^_ \k_]h agZq_gb_f wg_j]bb N_jfb () |
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Bahwg_j]_lbq_kdZy ih\_joghklv \ N ± ijhkljZgkl\_ k wg_j]b_c ( |
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gZau\Z_lky ih\_joghklvx N_jfb >ey k\h[h^gh]h we_dljhggh]h ]ZaZ k |
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dhgp_gljZpb_c we_dljhgh\ Q b wnn_dlb\ghc fZkkhc P ih\_joghklv N_jfb |
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± kn_jZ k jZ^bmkhf N) ijb wlhf |
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>ey hp_gdb kl_i_gb \ujh`^_gby we_dljhggh]h ]ZaZ \uqbkey_f wg_j]bx |
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b l_ieh\mx wg_j]bx (L ijb aZ^Zgghc l_fi_jZlmj_ |
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(L NL |
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± ±>` |
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& bkihevah\Zgb_f djbl_jby \ujh`^_gby l _ g_jZ\_gkl\Z NL () ijb |
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dhlhjhf we_dljhgguc |
^ujhqguc ]Za \ujh`^_g b |
hibku\Z_lky |
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jZkij_^_e_gb_f |
N_jfb±>bjZdZ \ gZr_f kemqZ_ ± |
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± l _ |
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() b ke_^h\Zl_evgh khklhygb_ we_dljhgh\ \ |
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djbklZee_ dj_fgby ijb. \ujh`^_gh |
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AZ^ZqZ |
GZclb ^Z\e_gb_ we_dljhggh]h ]ZaZ \ |
f_lZee_ k |
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dhgp_gljZpb_c we_dljhgh\ Q f± b wnn_dlb\ghc fZkkhc P P ijb |
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dhfgZlghc l_fi_jZlmj_ 7 D |
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>Z\e_gb_ ]ZaZ khklhys_]h ba 1 we_dljhgh\ dZ`^uc ba dhlhjuo bf__l |
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kj_^gxx wg_j]bx hij_^_ey_lky ijhba\h^ghc hl kj_^g_c wg_j]bb ih |
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h[t_fm aZgbfZ_fhfm ]Zahf l _ |
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< f_lZee_ we_dljhgguc ]Za gZoh^blky \ \ujh`^_gghf khklhygbb b |
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K bkihevah\Zgb_f ihemqZ_f |
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L_fZ WG?J=?LBQ?KDBC KI?DLJ WE?DLJHGH< < DJBKL:EE?AHGG:Y KLJMDLMJ:
>ey hibkZgby ih\_^_gby we_dljhgh\ \ djbklZee_ \hkihevam_fky |
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\_jhylghklgufb aZdhgZfb d\Zglh\hc f_oZgbdb b |
lZd gZau\Z_fuf |
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d\ZabdeZkkbq_kdbf ijb[eb`_gb_f Djbl_jb_f \u[hjZ y\ey_lky |
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khhlghr_gb_ f_`^m ^ebghc \hegu ^_ ;jhcey ^ey qZklbpu b oZjZdl_jguf |
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]_hf_ljbq_kdbf jZaf_jhf kbkl_fu gZijbf_j ihklhygghc j_r_ldb D |
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Khhlghr_gb_ ^_ ;jhcey khihklZ\ey_l k\h[h^ghc qZklbp_ k wg_j]b_c ( |
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b bfimevkhf S \hegm k qZklhlhc & b ^ebghc \hegu |
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?keb klZgh\blky khbaf_jbfhc k ihklhygghc j_r_ldb D |
qZklbpZ |
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hibku\Z_lky \_jhylghklgufb aZdhgZfb d\Zglh\hc f_oZgbdb < wlhf kemqZ_ |
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^\b`_gb_ qZklbpu hij_^_ey_lky \hegh\hc nmgdpb_c U W dhlhjmx |
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gZoh^yl ba mjZ\g_gby Rj_^bg]_jZ |
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