Cardiology / English / ГБ на английском языке для иностранцев

With uncomplicated GC possibly:

a)parenteral,

b)oral,

c)sublingual use of drugs

(depending on the severity of the increase in blood pressure and clinical symptoms).

Moxonidine 200 mg sublingually, effect after 5-20 minutes, duration 4-6 hours.

Captopril 25 mg sublingually, effect after 15-60 minutes, duration up to 12 hours.

Propranolol 10-40 mg orally, the effect develops after 30-45 minutes, duration - 6 hours.

Clonidine 0.075-0.15 mg sublingually, effect after 1030 minutes, duration 6-12 hours. Severe side effects. Withdrawal syndrome may develop!

Nifedipine 10 mg sublingually, effect after 5-20 minutes, duration 4-6 hours. Often facial flushing.

The goals of hypertension therapy:

The main goal of treating a patient with hypertension is to achieve the maximum reduction in the overall risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

This implies exposure to all reversible risk factors such as:

•smoking,

•weight loss,

•increased physical activity,

•high cholesterol and diabetes,

•treatment of concomitant diseases,

•correction of high blood pressure.

Non-drug methods include:

-to give up smoking;

-decrease and / or normalization of body weight (achievement BMI <25 kg / m2);

-reduction in consumption of alcoholic beverages less than 30 g alcohol per day for men and less than 20 g / day for women;

-increased physical activity (regular aerobic (dynamic) physical activity for 30-40 minutes not less than 4 times a week);

-reducing the consumption of table salt to 5 g / day;

-complex change in diet (increase eating plant foods, reducing intake of saturated fat, an increase in the diet potassium, calcium contained in vegetables, fruits, cereals, and magnesium found in dairy products).

Measurement of blood pressure in the doctor's office:

- The patient should be in a sitting position in a calm

Comfortable environment within 5 minutes before the start of blood pressure measurement.

Three measurements of blood pressure should be taken at intervals of 1-2 minutes.

-The blood pressure is recorded, which is the average of the last two measurements.

-A standard cuff should be used (12-13 cm wide and

35 cm long). The cuff should be at the same level as the heart while it is necessary to provide support for the back and arms

patient to avoid muscle tension and isometric physical activity leading to an increase in blood pressure.

-At the first visit, it is necessary to measure blood pressure on both hands. In the future, blood pressure should be measured on the arm on which higher values are determined.

-If necessary, measure blood pressure 1 and 3 minutes after getting up from a sitting position for all patients at the first visit to exclude orthostatic hypotension.