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Where is room six? – |
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e. g. We are judges. – |
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e. g. Do you like tea or coffee? – |
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Ho: The coffee is cold. – |
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e. g. The case hearing begins in December. – |
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e. g. Mary ( |
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My favourite subject is Criminal Law. – |
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at night ( |
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Exercise 1. Make a few sentences of the following elements:
Sherlock Holmes |
outstanding |
English |
detective |
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Conan Doyle |
famous |
French |
detective story |
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Agatha Christie is a/an |
well-known |
Russian |
writer |
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Poirot |
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author of spy novels |
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Megre |
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lawyer |
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Anatoly Conie |
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Exercise 2. Insert the correct article where necessary:
1. I have two ... sisters. My ... sisters are ... students. 2. We are at ... home.
3. My ... brother is not at ... home, he is at ... university. 4. My ... mother is at ... work. She is ... doctor.
5. I am not ... doctor.
6. I have no ... sister.
7. He is not ... pilot.
8. I have thirty-two ... teeth.
9. He has ... child.
10. She has two ... children. Her children are at ... school.
Exercise 3. Insert the correct article where necessary:
1.My brother is ... МКНОЭ КЭ … RвКгКЧ BrКЧМС ШП … MШsМШа UЧТЯОrsТЭв.
He goes to ... University in ... morning. He has three or four ... periods every day. In
... afternoon he goes ... home. At ... home he does his ... homework. In ... evening he reads ... books. He usually goes to ... bed at ... half past ten. At ... night he sleeps.
2.I `m a student at the same University. I get up at ... half past six in ...
morning and go to ... bed at ... quarter to eleven in ... evening. I leave ... home for ...
university at ... half past ... seven. AПЭОr … sЭЮНТОs I do my ... homework, talk to my
... friends on ... phone and go for ... walks. I often listen to ... music. I like ... jazz best. Sometimes I play ... computer games.
Exercise 4. Insert the correct article where necessary:
1. |
... lot of people think that ... Scotland is ... part of ... England but this is |
untrue. ... |
Scotland is ... part of Great Britain. There are five million Scots and ... most |
of them live in ... southern half of ... country.
2.Evelyn is ... good student. At ... age of ... 20, she is one of ... best
students of ... our university.
3. ... Oxford is ... most popular tourist city in ... Britain. ... Oxford is
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famous |
for ... university, which is ... oldest in... Britain. ... Oxford is not only ... |
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university city, but ... market too. |
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4. |
I get up at ... eleven o'clock. I never eat |
... breakfast. Sometimes I have ... |
cup of ... |
tea. I live not far from ... office. I drive to ... |
office in ... my car. |
Exercise 5. Insert the correct article where necessary:
Mary is ... woman of ... 30. She graduated from ... Institute of Foreign Languages. She is ... teacher. She teachers English at ... our university. Mary usually goes to ... work at ... quarter past seven in ... morning. She has ... son and ... daughter. Her ... son is ... boy of ... 5 and her ... daughter is ... girl of ... 3.
Exercise 6. Correct the mistakes:
1.James always has a lunch at 1 o'clock.
2.My sister is the judge in India.
3.We go to a bed late at weekends.
4.My boss is the happiest person in our office.
5.My brother was so ill that he was in hospital for two weeks.
6.My sister lives in big flat.
7.'Where's phone?' 'In kitchen.'
8.My brother is lawyer.
9.My brother has loud voice.
Exercise 7. Insert the correct article where necessary:
1.TСОв sТРЧОН … contract only yesterday.
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He mentioned ... Article 4. |
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… NОа ГОland КЧН … France were involved in this case. |
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He is ... criminal. |
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... Baltic Sea is colder than ... Black Sea. |
6.IЭ Тs ШЧО ШП … most important questions we discussed.
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... Library of Congress is ... largest library in ...USA. |
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8.… Accused was sentenced to five years in … prison.
9.… Best lawyer in … country won … case for her.
10.… Jury found him innocent.
11.…Vandalism is … problem of society throughout … Europe.
12.… Ignorance of … law is no excuse.
13.… Court ordered him to pay … ПТЧО ШП £100.
14.… Victim had been killed with … bread knife.
Exercise 8. Insert the correct article where necessary and translate into Russian:
A TRUE STORY
IЧ 1) … 1969, in 2) … Portland, 3) … Oregon, 4) … ЦКЧ аОЧЭ ЭШ rШЛ 5) …ЛКЧФ. HО НТНЧ'Э аКЧЭ 6) …pОШpХО ТЧ 7) …bank to know what was happening, so he
аКХФОН Юp ЭШ ШЧО ШП 8) … МКsСТОrs, аrШЭО ШЧ 9) … piece of 10) … pКpОr “This is 11) … rШЛЛОrв КЧН I'ЯО РШЭ 12) … РЮЧ”, КЧН sСШаОН 13) … pКpОr ЭШ 14) … cashier. Then he аrШЭО “TКФО КХХ 15) … money out of your drawer and pЮЭ ТЭ ТЧ 16) … pКpОr ЛКР.” 17) … cashier read 18) … ЦОssКРО, аrШЭО КЭ 19) … ЛШЭЭШЦ ШП 20) … pКpОr “I СКЯОЧ'Э
РШЭ 21) … pКpОr ЛКР” КЧН РКЯО 22) … pКpОr ЛКМФ ЭШ 23) … rШЛЛОr. 24) … rШЛЛОr rКЧ ШЮЭ ШП 25) … bank.
Exercise 9. Insert the correct article where necessary and translate into Russian:
Until ... end of ... 19th ceЧЭЮrв ТЭ аКs … ХКw in ... England that if ... man was
unable to pay … debt, even ... small one, he could be imprisoned, his imprisonment
might very well be for ... life, as it was impossible for |
... people in prison to work at |
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their ordinary occupations and so make ... |
money to |
... sum they had borrowed. If |
they had ... friends who could bring them |
... materials to work with, they might work |
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with their hands, sewing or mending ... boots, for instance. |
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... great English novelist Charles Dickens knew ... |
great deal about the debtors' |
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prisons from personal experience, for when he was about ten, his father was imprisoned for debt, and ... whole family had t live with him in ... prison because they had nowhere else to live. ... mother and ... children, however, could leave ...
place when they wished; but at 10 o'clock every evening ... great gates were shut for
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the night, and no one could leave or enter until morning. Dickens described ... life in the debtors' risons in some of his novels. It was largely because of Dickens' sharp criticism that ... English Government was finally forced to do away with ... debtors' prisons.
Exercise 10. Insert the correct article where necessary and translate into
Russian:
... young man attempted to rob ... store near my ... office. He bought ... bag of
... potato chips, and while ... clerk was making ... change, he attempted to grab ...
money from ... cash register. When ... clerk quickly closed ... drawer, ... man tried to
take ... cash register but it was so heavy, he couldn't lift it. He got angry. There was ...
rack full of ... cigarettes in ... corner of ... store. He decided to grab ... cigarettes but ...
clerk stopped him.
.. man drove away empty-handed, but was spotted by ... police for driving ...
stolen car. ... police pursued him with ... lights flashing and ... sirens blaring. He was
soon arrested and charged with ... possession of ... stolen vehicle, careless and
reckless driving and speeding. His ... fine was set at $2,000.
While being escorted, ... man asked if he could stop near ... store and get his ...
potato chips, since he had paid for them. ... clerk at ... store identified him as ... man
who tried to steal ... cash register and he was charged with ... attempted robbery. His
... fine was increased to $15,000; now he is in ... jail awaiting ... trial.
Exercise 11. Insert the correct article where necessary and translate into
Russian:
TRIAL BY JURY
… jury is selected ПrШЦ … group of … ХКвЦОЧ ЭСКЭ СОКrs … witnesses ТЧ … ХОРКХ НТspЮЭОs КЧН НОМТНОs … facts. …courtroom trial in which ... jury decides
facts is called ... trial by jury.
Before each court term, …УЮrв commissioner or another public officer prepares
… pКЧОХ or … large initial list of … qualified jurors. For each trial, … УЮrШrs КrО
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sОХОМЭОН Лв … lot from this panel.
BОПШrО … ЭrТКХ ЛОРТЧs, … Уurors swear to decide ПКМЭs ПКТrХв. TСОв СОКr …
ЭОsЭТЦШЧв РТЯОЧ Лв … аТЭnesses for both sides, including … МrШss-examinations. TСОЧ …counsel for each side sum up or summarize … МКsО, КЧН … УЮНРО ОбpХКТЧs …
applicabХО ХКа ТЧ СТs ТЧsЭrЮМЭТШЧs ЭШ … jury.
In civil sЮТЭs ПШr ПТЧКЧМТКХ НКЦКРОs, … jury must decide who is КЭ … ПКЮХЭ КЧН
ЦЮsЭ НОЭОrЦТЧО … amount of money to be paid.
In criminal cases, … jury ЦЮsЭ НОМТНО аСОЭСОr Шr ЧШЭ … КММЮsОН Тs РЮТХЭв
"beyond reasonable doubt", and then either return … ЯОrНТМЭ ШП РЮТХЭв, Шr КМqЮТЭ … НОПОЧНКЧЭ Лв … verdict of not guilty. If … ЯОrНТМЭ Тs РЮТХЭв, … УЮНРО ТЦpШsОs … sentence or … pЮЧТsСЦОЧЭ within … limits that СКЯО ЛООЧ ПТбОН Лв … legislature.
Exercise 12. Insert the correct article where necessary and translate into
Russian:
CRIME
Crime violates laws of community, state or nation. It is punishable in accordance with these laws. Definition of crime varies according to time and place, but laws of most countries consider as crimes such offences as arson, bigamy, burglary, forgery, murder and treason.
Not all offences against law are crimes, laws that set down punishment for crimes form criminal law. This law defines as crimes those offences considered most harmful to community. On other hand, person may wrong someone else in some other way that offends civil law.
Common law recognizes three classes of crime: treason, felony, and misdemeanour. Death or life imprisonment is usual penalty for treason. Laws in United States, for example, define felony as crime that is punishable by term of one year or more in state of federal prison. Person who commits misdemeanour may be punished by fine or jail term of less than one year.
Exercise 13. Correct the mistakes:
1.Military jury was created according to a Resolution.
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2.New law comes into the force on May 15.
3.At an end of trial he was convicted of murder.
4.All prospective barristers are expected to study at Inns of Court.
5.Judge will hear next case after lunch.
6.A driver admitted that accident was partly his own the fault.
7.A judge sentenced an accused to 15 year in the prison.
8.To protect the victims of the blackmail their names are often not given in a court.
9.A judge was very hard on the pickpockets.
10.If you break law, you will be in the trouble.
11.High court judge will pass sentence the next week.
12.Youth involved in disturbance at a demonstration made statement to
police.
Exercise 14. Translate the sentences explaining the usage of the definite article:
1.The gang were chasing him again.
2.The police received a bomb-threat at 6.15 p.m., and arrived at the scene six minutes later. The cinema had already been evacuated and the adjoining streets cordoned off.
3.The factory was closed because of staff strike.
4.The police caught the thief red-handed.
5.The detective stood motionless behind the door waiting for the assailant.
6.The politician didn't answer the reporter's question as it was too personal.
7.There have been two main theories in the study of international law: the natural law approach and the positivist movement.
8.The witness claimed he hadn't seen the accused before.
9.At the very moment the suspect is being interviewed by the police.
Exercise 15. Translate from Russian into English paying attention to the usage
of articles:
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А А |
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АЧ (THE ADVERB)
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, Roman Law |
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–ly: quickly |
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easily |
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: today, yesterday, then, after, before, when, |
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now etc. |
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: here, there, behind, upstairs, outside, in etc. |
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: forward, north, out etc. |
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: quickly, strongly, high, well, thus |
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etc. |
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: often, always, frequently, daily, once, |
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twice etc. |
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: much, little, enough etc. |
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(poЬТtТЯО), |
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(ЬupОЫlКtТЯО). |
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– r, |
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e. g. long – longer – the longest ( |
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more |
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the moЬt |
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e. g. important – more important – the most important ( |
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good, well |
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better |
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the best |
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bad, badly |
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the worst |
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much, many |
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little |
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far |
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farther, further |
the farthest, the furthest |
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