Miologia_Greya
.pdf
Tables 8
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605
HEADANDNECK• Tables
Muscles in the floor of the oral cavity
Muscle |
|
Origin |
Insertion |
Mylohyoid |
1 Mylohyoid line of mandible |
Median fibrous raphe and |
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adjacent part of hyoid |
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bone |
Innervation Function
Nerve to mylohyoid from the inferior alveolar branch of mandibular nerve [V3]
Geniohyoid |
2 Inferior mental spines of |
Body of hyoid bone |
C1 |
Supports and elevates |
|
mandible |
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floor of oral cavity; |
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depresses mandible |
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when hyoid is fixed; |
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elevates and pulls hyoid |
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forward when mandible |
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is fixed |
Muscles of the tongue
Muscle |
|
Origin |
Intrinsic |
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Superior longitudinal |
1 Submucosal connective |
|
(just deep to surface |
|
tissue at the back of the |
of tongue) |
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tongue and from the |
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median septum of the |
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tongue |
Insertion |
Innervation |
Function |
Muscle fibers pass |
Hypoglossal nerve [XII] |
Shortens tongue; curls |
forward and obliquely to |
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apex and sides of |
submucosal connective |
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tongue |
tissue and mucosa on |
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margins of tongue |
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Inferior longitudinal |
2 |
Root of tongue (some |
Apex of tongue |
Hypoglossal nerve [XII] |
Shortens tongue; |
(between genioglossus |
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fibers from hyoid) |
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uncurls apex and turns |
and hyoglossus |
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it downward |
muscles) |
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Transverse |
3 |
Median septum of the |
Submucosal connective |
Hypoglossal nerve [XII] |
Narrows and elongates |
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tongue |
tissue on lateral margins |
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tongue |
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of tongue |
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Vertical |
4 |
Submucosal connective |
Connective tissue in |
Hypoglossal nerve [XII] |
Flattens and widens |
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tissue on dorsum of |
more ventral regions of |
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tongue |
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tongue |
tongue |
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Extrinsic |
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Genioglossus |
5 |
Superior mental spines |
Body of hyoid; entire |
Hypoglossal nerve [XII] |
Protrudes tongue; |
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length of tongue |
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depresses center of |
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tongue |
Hyoglossus |
6 |
Greater horn and |
Lateral surface of tongue |
Hypoglossal nerve [XII] |
Depresses tongue |
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adjacent part of body of |
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hyoid bone |
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Styloglossus |
7 |
Styloid process |
Lateral surface of tongue |
Hypoglossal nerve [XII] |
Elevates and retracts |
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(anterolateral surface) |
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tongue |
Palatoglossus |
8 |
Inferior surface of |
Lateral margin of tongue |
Vagus nerve [X] (via |
Depresses palate; |
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palatine aponeurosis |
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pharyngeal branch to |
moves palatoglossal |
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pharyngeal plexus) |
fold toward midline; |
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elevates back of the |
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tongue |
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606
Tables 8
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607
HEADANDNECK• Tables
Muscles of the soft palate
Muscle |
Origin |
Insertion |
Innervation |
Function |
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Tensor veli palatini |
1 Scaphoid fossa of sphenoid |
Palatine |
Mandibular nerve [V3] |
|
bone; fibrous part of |
aponeurosis |
via the branch to medial |
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pharyngotympanic tube; |
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pterygoid muscle |
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spine of sphenoid |
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Tenses the soft palate; opens the pharyngotympanic tube
Levator veli palatini |
2 Petrous part of temporal |
Superior surface |
Vagus nerve [X] via |
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bone anterior to opening for |
of palatine |
pharyngeal branch to |
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carotid canal |
aponeurosis |
pharyngeal plexus |
Only muscle to elevate the soft palate above the neutral position
Palatopharyngeus |
3 Superior surface of palatine |
Pharyngeal wall |
Vagus nerve [X] via |
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aponeurosis |
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pharyngeal branch to |
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pharyngeal plexus |
Depresses soft palate; moves palatopharyngeal arch toward midline; elevates pharynx
Palatoglossus |
4 Inferior surface of palatine |
Lateral margin of |
Vagus nerve [X] via |
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aponeurosis |
tongue |
pharyngeal branch to |
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pharyngeal plexus |
Depresses palate; moves palatoglossal arch toward midline; elevates back of the tongue
Musculus uvulae |
5 Posterior nasal spine of hard |
Connective tissue |
Vagus nerve [X] via |
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palate |
of uvula |
pharyngeal branch to |
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pharyngeal plexus |
Elevates and retracts uvula; thickens central region of soft palate
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