Miologia_Greya

Muscle

Location

Innervation

Function

Ciliary

1

Muscle fibers in the ciliary body

Parasympathetics from the

Constricts ciliary body, relaxes tension on

oculomotor nerve [III]

lens, lens become more rounded

Sphincter

2

Circularly arranged fibers in the iris

Parasympathetics from the

Constricts pupil

pupillae

oculomotor nerve [III]

Dilator pupillae

3

Radially arranged fibers in the iris

Sympathetics from the superior

Dilates pupil

cervical ganglion (T1)

Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Innervation

Function

Tensor tympani

1

Cartilaginous part of

Upper part of handle

Branch from mandibular

Contraction pulls handle of

pharyngotympanic tube, greater

of malleus

nerve [V3]

malleus medially, tensing

wing of sphenoid, its own bony

tympanic membrane

canal

Stapedius

2

Attached to inside of pyramidal

Neck of stapes

Branch of facial nerve [VII]

Contraction pulls stapes

eminence

posteriorly, preventing

excessive oscillation

1

1

Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Innervation

Function

Medial

3 Deep head—medial surface of

Medial surface of mandible

Nerve to medial pterygoid

Elevation and

pterygoid

lateral plate of pterygoid process

near angle

from the mandibular nerve

side-to-side

and pyramidal process of palatine

[V3].

movements of the

bone; superficial head—tuberosity

mandible

of the maxilla and pyramidal

process of palatine bone

3

4

Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Innervation

Function

Stylohyoid

1 Base of styloid process

Lateral area of body of

Facial nerve [VII]

Pulls hyoid bone upward in

hyoid bone

a posterosuperior direction

—Posterior belly 3 Mastoid notch on medial

Facial nerve [VII]

Pulls hyoid bone upward

side of mastoid process

and back

of temporal bone

3

1

8

2

9

6

7

Subdivision

Boundaries

Contents

Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Innervation

Function

—Clavicular head

2 Superior surface of medial

Lateral surface of mastoid

one third of clavicle

process

Trapezius

3 Superior nuchal line;

Lateral one third of

Motor—accessory nerve

Assists in rotating the

external occipital

clavicle; acromion; spine

[XI]; proprioception—C3

scapula during abduction

protuberance;

of scapula

and C4

of humerus above

ligamentum nuchae;

horizontal;

spinous processes of

upper fibers—elevate,

vertebrae CVII to TXII

middle fibers—adduct,

lower fibers—depress

scapula

Levator scapulae

5

Transverse processes of

Upper part of medial

C3, C4; and dorsal

Elevates scapula

CI to CIV

border of scapula

scapular nerve (C4, C5)

Posterior scalene

6

Posterior tubercles of

Upper surface of rib II

Anterior rami of C5 to C7

Elevation of rib II

transverse processes of

vertebrae CIV to CVI

Middle scalene

7

Transverse processes of

Upper surface of rib I

Anterior rami of C3 to C7

Elevation of rib I

vertebrae CII to CVII

posterior to the groove for

the subclavian artery

Anterior scalene

8

Anterior tubercles of the

Scalene tubercle and

Anterior rami of C4 to C7

Elevation of rib I

transverse processes of

upper surface of rib I

vertebrae CIII to CVI

3

4

5

1

2

Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Innervation

Function

Rectus capitis

1

Anterior surface of lateral

Inferior surface of basilar

Branches from anterior rami

Flexes head at

anterior

part of atlas and its

part of occipital bone

of C1, C2

atlanto-occipital joint

transverse process

Rectus capitis

2

Superior surface of

Inferior surface of jugular

Branches from anterior rami

Flexes head laterally to

lateralis

transverse process of atlas

process of occipital bone

of C1, C2

same side

Longus colli

3

Anterior tubercles of

Tubercle of anterior arch of

Branches from anterior rami

Flexes neck anteriorly

—Superior

transverse processes of

atlas

of C2 to C6

and laterally and slight

oblique part

vertebrae CIII to CV

rotation to opposite side

—Vertical part

5

Anterior surface of bodies of

Anterior surface of bodies of

TI to TIII and CV to CVII

vertebrae CII to CIV

Longus capitis

6

Tendinous slips to

Inferior surface of basilar

Branches from anterior rami Flexes the head

transverse processes of

part of occipital bone

of C1 to C3

vertebrae CIII to CVI

Muscle

Posterior attachment

Anterior attachment

Innervation

Function

Superior constrictor

1

Pharyngeal raphe

Pterygomandibular raphe

Vagus nerve [X]

Constriction of pharynx

and adjacent bone on the

mandible and pterygoid

hamulus

Middle constrictor

2

Pharyngeal raphe

Upper margin of greater horn

Vagus nerve [X]

Constriction of pharynx

of hyoid bone and adjacent

margins of lesser horn and

stylohyoid ligament

Inferior constrictor

3

Pharyngeal raphe

Cricoid cartilage, oblique line

Vagus nerve [X]

Constriction of pharynx

of thyroid cartilage, and a

ligament that spans between

these attachments and

crosses the cricothyroid

muscle

Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Innervation

Function

Stylopharyngeus

1

Medial side of base of

Pharyngeal wall

Glossopharyngeal

Elevation of the pharynx

styloid process

nerve [IX]

Salpingopharyngeus

2

Inferior aspect of

Pharyngeal wall

Vagus nerve [X]

Elevation of the pharynx

pharyngeal end of

pharyngotympanic tube

Palatopharyngeus

3

Upper surface of

Pharyngeal wall

Vagus nerve [X]

Elevation of the pharynx;

palatine aponeurosis

closure of the oropharyngeal

isthmus

Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Innervation

Function

Cricothyroid

1

Anterolateral aspect of

Oblique part—inferior horn

External branch of

Forward and downward

arch of cricoid cartilage

of the thyroid cartilage;

superior laryngeal

rotation of the thyroid cartilage

straight part—inferior

nerve from the vagus

at the cricothyroid joint

margin of thyroid cartilage

nerve [X]

Posterior crico-

2

Oval depression on

Posterior surface of

Recurrent laryngeal

Abduction and external

arytenoid

posterior surface of

muscular process of

branch of the vagus

rotation of the arytenoid

lamina of cricoid

arytenoid cartilage

nerve [X]

cartilage. The posterior

cartilage

crico-arytenoid muscles are

the primary abductors of the

vocal folds. In other words,

they are the primary openers

of the rima glottidis.

Lateral crico-

3

Superior surface of arch

Anterior surface of

Recurrent laryngeal

Internal rotation of the

arytenoid

of cricoid cartilage

muscular process of

branch of the vagus

arytenoid cartilage and

arytenoid cartilage

nerve [X]

adduction of vocal folds

Transverse arytenoid

4

Lateral border of

Lateral border of posterior

Recurrent laryngeal

Adduction of arytenoid

posterior surface of

surface of opposite

branch of the vagus

cartilages

arytenoid cartilage

arytenoid cartilage

nerve [X]

Oblique arytenoid

5

Posterior surface of

Posterior surface of apex

Recurrent laryngeal

Sphincter of the laryngeal inlet

muscular process of

of adjacent arytenoid

branch of the vagus

arytenoid cartilage

cartilage; extends into

nerve [X]

ary-epiglottic fold

Thyro-arytenoid

6

Thyroid angle and

Anterolateral surface of

Recurrent laryngeal

Sphincter of vestibule and of

adjacent cricothyroid

arytenoid cartilage;

branch of the vagus

laryngeal inlet

ligament

some fibers continue in

nerve [X]

ary-epiglottic folds to the

lateral margin of the

epiglottis

Vocalis

7

Lateral surface of vocal

Vocal ligament and thyroid

Recurrent laryngeal

Adjusts tension in vocal folds

process of arytenoid

angle

branch of the vagus

cartilage

nerve [X]