- •Предисловие
- •Unit 1 the language of science
- •Study the list of topical vocabulary to avoid the difficulties in understanding the text of this unit. Consult a dictionary to pronounce the words correctly.
- •II. Translate the following words and word combinations into Russian. Try to memorize them. Make up sentences using these words.
- •III. Read and translate the text, say what its main points are.
- •Vocabulary notes:
- •IV. Find all the international (scientific and everyday) words in the text. Say what Russian words help to guess the meaning of these words.
- •V. Match these word combinations with their Russian equivalents.
- •VI. Read the sentences, substitute the underlined words by the synonyms from the box.
- •VIII. Read the sentences, insert the proper prepositions into them. Try to memorize some of these expressions.
- •IX. Match the words in column a with their definitions in column b. Define the part of speech the words in column a belong to.
- •X. Answer the following questions and discuss the main points of the text “Scientific English”.
- •XI. Translate the following Russian sentences into English using the vocabulary of the text Scientific English.
- •Unit 2 economics as a science
- •V. Read and translate the text. Economics as a science
- •VI. Match these word combinations with their Russian equivalents.
- •VII. Paraphrase the sentences using the synonyms from the box instead of the underlined words.
- •VIII. Match the words in column a with their antonyms in column b. Make up word combinations with some of them.
- •IX. Insert the proper prepositions. Try to memorize some of these expressions.
- •X. Match the words in column a with their definitions in column b.
- •XVII. Match the words in column a with their definitions in column b. Define the part of speech the words in column a belong to.
- •XVIII. Before reading the text below take part in a group discussion and share your ideas with partners on the following questions.
- •XIX. Read the text about the main types of economic systems.
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Types of economic systems
- •XX. Complete the sentences with the information from the text.
- •XXI. Answer the following questions.
- •XXII. Speak on the topic “Economics as a Science” according to the plan:
- •Unit 3 writing business letters
- •I. Study the list of topical vocabulary to avoid the difficulties in understanding the text of this unit. Consult a dictionary to pronounce the words correctly.
- •II. Read and translate into Russian the following international words and word combinations. Make up sentences using them.
- •III. Read and translate the text, say what its main points are.
- •IV. Read the sentences, substitute the underlined words by the synonyms from the box.
- •V. Insert the proper prepositions.
- •VI. Make the following sentences complete by translating the words in brackets.
- •VII. Answer the following questions.
- •VIII. Read and translate the sample of a business letter. For more samples turn to Appendix 1.
- •IX. Compose the letter below placing its parts in the proper order. To practise in composing business letters turn to Appendix 2.
- •X. Write a business letter using the typical ways of beginning and finishing a letter.
- •Unit 4 telephone communication
- •Telephone communication
- •IV. Read the sentences, substitute the underlined words by the synonyms from the box.
- •V. Practice in using phrasal verbs and insert the proper adverbs.
- •VI. Answer the following questions.
- •VII. Complete the statements using the information from the text or your own experience.
- •VIII. Practice in making up telephone calls using the phrases below.
- •IX. Act out telephone conversations given in Appendix 3.
- •X. Work in pairs and make up telephone calls according to the following situations.
- •Unit 5 applying for a job
- •I. Study the list of topical vocabulary to avoid the difficulties in understanding the text of this unit. Consult a dictionary to pronounce the words correctly.
- •II. Read the following international words correctly and define their meaning.
- •III. Define the meaning of the following words and the part of speech they belong to.
- •IV. Read and translate the text below, say what its main points are. Applying for a job
- •V. Match these word combinations with their Russian equivalents.
- •VI. Insert the proper prepositions.
- •VII. Paraphrase the sentences using the synonyms from the box instead of the underlined words.
- •VIII. Act out the dialogues a and b. Make up your own dialogues concerning job search.
- •In a minute or so.
- •IX. Read the following information and say what general rules of composing a resume are. Consult the Vocabulary notes.
- •X. Study the sample of resume and prepare your own resume.
- •XI. Imagine that you are interviewed by the representative of the company. Please answer his questions.
- •XII. Act out the situation In a Job Interview: the interviewer makes up a list of questions, the applicant(s) writes a resume and prepares to be interviewed (see exercise XI).
- •XIII. Scan the text. What are the main factors of job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction? job satisfaction
- •XIV. Read the text and complete the sentences with the appropriate words and phrases given in the box. Filling a vacancy
- •Unit 6 management
- •Management
- •IV. Match these word combinations with their Russian equivalents.
- •V. Paraphrase the sentences using the synonyms from the box instead of the underlined words.
- •VI. Insert the proper prepositions. Try to memorize some of these expressions.
- •VII. Match the words in column a with their definitions in column b. Define the part of speech the words in column a belong to.
- •VIII. Answer the following questions.
- •IX. Read the text about management styles and take part in a group discussion. Management Styles
- •Unit 7 marketing
- •III. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the word value used in different meanings as noun or verb.
- •IV. Look through the table presenting noun suffixes. Do the exercise in the third column putting the suitable suffix to the words, translate them.
- •V. Read and translate the text. Marketing
- •VI. Match these word combinations with their Russian equivalents.
- •VIII. Read the sentences, insert the proper prepositions into them. Try to memorize some of these expressions.
- •IX. Match the words in column a with their definitions in column b. Define the part of speech the words in column a belong to.
- •X. Answer the following questions.
- •XI. Find some additional information and prepare short reports on the following topics:
- •XII. Read the text about advertising and be ready to answer the questions after it. To make your understanding clearer some vocabulary notes are given below.
- •Advertising
- •XIII. Speak on the topic “Marketing”. Use your own studies, ideas and conclusions on the subject. Unit 8
- •Inflation
- •I. Study the list of topical vocabulary to avoid the difficulties in understanding the text of this unit. Consult a dictionary to pronounce the words correctly.
- •II. Read the international words. Say what Russian words help to guess their meaning. Make up sentences using these words.
- •III. The words below can function as different parts of speech (zero affixation). Find their meanings, consult a dictionary if necessary.
- •IV. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the word scale used in different meanings.
- •VI. Read and translate the text.
- •Inflation
- •VII. Match these word combinations with their Russian equivalents.
- •IX. Match the words and word combinations in column a with their antonyms in column b.
- •X. Insert the proper prepositions. Try to memorize some of these expressions.
- •XI. Match the words in column a with their definitions in column b.
- •Unit 9 taxation and tax system
- •II. Read the international words. Say what Russian words help to guess their meaning. Make up sentences using these words.
- •III. The words below can function as different parts of speech (zero affixation). Find their meanings, consult a dictionary if necessary.
- •IV. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the verb apply used in different meanings.
- •V. Look through the table presenting adjective suffixes. Do the exercise in the third column putting the suitable suffix to the words, translate them.
- •VI. Read and translate the text. Taxation and tax system
- •VII. Match these prepositions, conjunctions, adverbs and adverbial phrases with their Russian equivalents.
- •VIII. Paraphrase the sentences using the synonyms from the box instead of the underlined words.
- •IX. Insert the proper prepositions. Try to memorize some of these expressions.
- •X. Match the words in column a with their definitions in column b.
- •XVI. Match the word combinations from the text below with their Russian equivalents.
- •XVII. Read the text about the history of taxation in the usa and answer the questions after it. To make your understanding clearer some vocabulary notes are given below.
- •Vocabulary notes
- •The history of taxation in the usa
- •XVIII. Complete the sentences correctly according to the text “The history of taxation in the usa” putting suitable data into gaps.
- •XIX. Complete the sentences with the information from the text “The history of taxation in the usa”.
- •Unit 10 company structure
- •II. Read the international words. Say what Russian words help to guess their meaning. Make up sentences using these words.
- •III. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the word head used in different meanings as noun, verb or adjective.
- •IV. Read and translate the text, say what its main points are. Company Structure
- •V. Match these word combinations with their Russian equivalents.
- •VI. Paraphrase the sentences using the synonyms from the box instead of the underlined words.
- •VII. Insert the proper prepositions. Try to memorize some of these expressions.
- •VIII. Match the words in column a with their definitions in column b.
- •IX. Give your definitions to the following terms.
- •X. Answer the following questions.
- •Complete the business letters with the appropriate words or phrases listed in the box
- •Contents
- •Сергейчик Татьяна Сергеевна Английский для делового общения
- •650043, Кемерово, ул. Красная, 6
- •650043, Кемерово, ул. Ермака, 7
III. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the word head used in different meanings as noun, verb or adjective.
-
head n –
голова
глава, руководитель
заголовок
человек
head v –
возглавлять, руководить
озаглавливать
head adj –
главный, ведущий, старший
передовой
The company is headed by Director who makes major decisions and determines the overall policy of the company.
The heads of these departments – Chief Accountant, Vice-Director for Production, Chief Engineer – report to the Director.
For humans, the head and especially the face are the main distinguishing features among different people.
The head is required in all documents, because it contains head information about the company: name, address, telephone and fax.
This song keeps going through my head.
The head cook in this restaurant is Italian.
Who heads the Board of Directors?
Admission to the club is three dollars a head.
IV. Read and translate the text, say what its main points are. Company Structure
A company is a form of business organization.
Pyramidal structure also known as hierarchical is the most widespread form of organization in the world today. Such companies have a person or a group of people at the top of organization, and an increasing number of employees below them.
The control of a company is divided between two bodies – the Board of Directors, and the shareholders in the general meeting. In practice, the measure of power exercised by the Board varies with the type of company. In small private companies, directors and shareholders will normally be the same people, and thus there is no real division of power. In large public companies, the Board tends to supervise the company’s activity in general, but individual responsibility and management are delegated to executive officers or directors.
Board of Directors is a group of people elected by the owners of a business who have decision-making and voting authority, and specific responsibilities distinct from the ones of owners and managers of the business. Typical duties of the Board of Directors include:
managing the organization by establishing general policies and objectives;
selecting, appointing, supporting, and reviewing the performance of the chief executive;
ensuring the availability of adequate financial resources;
approving annual budgets.
The highest ranking management officer of a corporation is the Chief Executive Officer or CEO (United States), Managing Director (United Kingdom, Commonwealth and some other English speaking countries). The CEO takes final decisions over human, financial, environmental, technical operations of the corporation. The CEO reports to the President or Chairman of the Board of Directors. Also, the CEO sometimes combines his duties with these of the Chairman of the Board.
The responsibility of the Chief Executive Officer is to arrange the company’s activity according to his strategic vision. The principal duty of the CEO is to organize external activity of the business, and, at the same time, to guide employees and other executive officers towards a central objective. The CEO must balance external and internal initiatives to make his company prosperous.
The role of the CEO is to make up, develop and implement strategic plans for the organization in a cost-effective and time-efficient manner. The CEO is also responsible for the everyday management of the organization, including managing staff and developing business plans in collaboration with the Board. In fact, the Board gives the CEO authority to run the organization. The CEO reports to the Board on a regular basis – quarterly, semiannually, or annually. The Board may offer suggestions and ideas to improve the affairs of the organization, but the CEO chooses the ways of implementing these ideas.
For corporations, the CEO primarily coordinates external initiatives at a high level. As the CEO does not usually deal with specific operations of various departments, he must compensate it through delegating responsibilities. The Chief Executive Officer is supported by a number of corporate officers such as Chief Operating Officer (COO), Chief Financial Officer (CFO), Chief Investment Officer (CIO), and division heads. They manage affairs in a particular field (finance, marketing, development, production, information, personnel).
The chain of command runs down the company structure. Superiors, called bosses, have more power than their subordinates. Besides, superiors are not as numerous as their immediate subordinates. So, there are more employees in the organization at the bottom of the structure.
Structuring organizations in this way seems convenient because it can balance the number of contacts between managers and subordinates. In hierarchical organization members chiefly communicate with their immediate superior or immediate subordinates. All employees know who their boss is (they report to), and the manager gives instructions to his immediate subordinates. However employees at lower levels have no right to take important decisions in the company.