I s the official head of state and an integral part of

Parliament in her constitutional role; has mostly representative functions; gives the royal assent to the bills passed by the House of Commons (общин) and the House of Lords; is the head of the Commonwealth of Nations*

T HE GOVERNMENT

t he Prime Minister

Is the head of government; is the leader of the party with the majority seats (мест) in the House of Commons

t he Cabinet

about 20 ministers; determines government policies and coordinates government departments

N on – Cabinet Ministers*

PARLIAMENT

t he House of Commons	the House of Lords
(about 650 elected MPs – members of Parliament) Makes laws; Discusses political problems	( over 1,100 permanent, non-elected members; peers (пэров, лордов) and life peers*) Examines and revises bills from the House of Commons; can delay bills for one year
the Official Opposition
the largest opposition party; forms the Shadow Cabinet* («теневой» кабинет)

e lect

THE PEOPLE

(all men and women over 18)

Рисунок 2 - Политическая система Великобритании

A federal (or presidential) republic

In Britain

Government a minister Parliament

In the United States

Administration a secretary Congress

Congress		the Administration
The House of Representatives 4 35 members		the President t he Vice President the Cabinet Secretaries as heads of the most important departments in the Administrations
The Senate 100 members

THE PEOPLE

A ll men and women over 18

THE PRESIDENT

The President can veto laws passed by Congress

The Court can declare (объявить) presidential acts unconstitutional.

Congress can pass laws over the President`s veto by a two-thirds majority

The President appoints federal judges (судьи)

T he Senate must approve the President`s judicial appointments

CONGRESS

THE SUPREME COURT

The Court can declare laws unconstitutional

[su:,pri:m ‘k :t] Верховный суд

Рисунок 3 - Политическая система США