Вариант 4

Задание 1. Раскройте скобки, употребляя соответствующую форму прилагательного.

1. You were ten minutes (late) than we were.

2. Chinese is (difficult) than English.

3. The Caucausus are (high) mountains in Europe.

Задание 2. Напишите следующие числительные и даты словами.

11, 275, 3690, 4-й, 43-й, 95-й, 12 декабря 1997, 21 августа 2004

Задание 3. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения. Подчеркнитемодальныеглаголы.

1. The Oktyabrskaya railway has to increase the speed of its trains.

2. The rails by themselves cannot support the weight of the trains.

3. They must improve the experiment conditions in their laboratory.

Задание 4. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в нужном времени.

1. Ann (to get) a good mark yesterday.

2. My hotel in Scotland (not to be) very nice.

3. Nick (to write) a letter to his sister in a week.

4. They (to build) a small house last year?

5. Every day the conductor (to check) tickets in the train.

Задание 5. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст на русский язык.

RAILWAY TRANSPORT IN RUSSIA

To cope with the intensifying traffic railway transport needs to upgrade its operational standards, accelerate the process of re-tooling at its operating facilities, and make a more efficient use of all its resources.

Today the industry will mobilize its research and production potential to resolve the most important scientific and technical problems of transport development and traffic capacity of railways, station and junctions, increase the mass of freight trains, raise the speed of passenger traffic, upgrade the quality of services for passengers and secure higher labour productivity and better working conditions. The fleet of passenger cars has been steadily replenished with comfortable vehicles outfitted with centralized air-conditioning, fluorescent lighting, and electric heating systems. The principal requirements of passenger-carrying cars are maximum comfort, rational lay out and design, improved ventilation, heating, water supply and illumination, low noise and enhanced strength.

Further technological efforts will be aimed at raising the reliability and economy of car operation, enhancing and the strength of design while reducing the tare mass and speeding up the transfer to roller bearings and all metal body. There are plans to increase the share of eight-axle open-top and tank cars, and four-axle cars of enhanced carrying capacity and volume.

Задание 6. Ответьте письменно на вопросы согласно тексту.

1. How does railway transport cope with the intensifying traffic today?

2. What are the principal requirements of passenger cars?

Вариант 5

Задание 1. Раскройте скобки, употребляя соответствующую форму прилагательного.

1. The question was (long) than the answer.

2. The problem is (important) than you think.

3. Which is (beautiful) place in this part of the city?

Задание 2. Напишите следующие числительные и даты словами.

16, 972, 2341, 6-й, 20-й, 82-й, 18 марта 1873, 23 июля 1965

Задание 3. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения. Подчеркнитемодальныеглаголы.

1. This metal can’t be used for rails.

2. The solar energy must light and heat our houses.

3. You may not take so many passengers for this cruise.

Задание 4. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в нужном времени.

1. We (to take) 4 exams next spring.

2. We often (to see) each other in the lab.

3. They (to begin) the discussion last seminar.

4. Kate always (to tell) the truth.

5. My friend (to enter) the Medical Institute last year.

Задание 5. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст на русский язык.

KINDS OF TRANSPORTATION

There are three main kind of transportation: land, water and air. Each has advantages and disadvantages. For example, trucks and trains can operate in storms that may ground airliners or keep ships in harbours. Weather and geographical conditions may also determine the type of transportation used in a region.

On land, the chief forms of transport are automobiles, railroads, trucks, and pipelines. Railroads haul about half of the freight transported in the world. Trucks carry about a fifth of this freight, and pipelines transport a little less than a fifth. Boats, barges, and airliners transport the remaining freight. Railroads have equal or greater importance in the transportation of freight in Russia, Europe, and other areas. In addition to hauling freight, most railroads provide passenger service between cities and towns. Commuter trains transport thousands of persons daily between their homes in suburban areas and large cities.

Railroads move every type of material, but are best suited to haul great quantities of heavy freight. For this reason, railroads play an important role in transporting coal, iron, ore, grain, timber, and other heavy products. Trains can haul freight cheaply because a single locomotive can pull as many as 200 freight cars.

Trucks cost relatively more than railroads for transportation because, they require more power and more men to move the same amount of freight. But trucks can travel wherever there are roads. Special trucks used in mining, drilling oil wells, and laying pipelines can operate even in areas that lack roads.

Задание 6. Ответьте письменно на вопросы согласно тексту.

1. For what kind of freight are railroads suited best of all?

2. What are the main disadvantages of air transport?