- •Its forms and usage
- •1.1.1.2. Masculine nouns with stressed о, е, ё in the final syllaЫe of the stem
- •1.1.4. Ldiomatic expressions and set-phrases
- •1.2. Feminine gender nouns in the genitive case singular
- •1.2.1. The endings -ы and -и.
- •1.3.2. The ten neuter gender nouns which end in -мя in nominative singular
- •1.4. 1.4. Dropping the singular ending -а
- •1.4.1.Б. Retention of the nominative singular form as the genitive plural form
- •1.4.1.5. Dropping the singular ending -ин
- •1.4.2. Feminine gender nouns in the genitive plural 1.4.2.1. Dropping the singular ending -а
- •1.4.2.3. Dropped ending -а or -я and the insertion of а 'fleeting vowel'
- •1.4.З.2. Dropping of -е/-о ending and the insertion of the 'fleeting vowel' е
- •1.4.4. Nouns that have no singular form
- •1.4.3.5. Neuter gender nouns that end in -мя in nominative singular
- •1.4.4. 1. Zero-ending
- •1.4.4.2. The endings -ов and -ев
- •1.4.5. Adjectival nouns
- •1.S.1. Adjectives
- •1.S.1.1. Hard stem in singular
- •1.5.1.2. Soft stem in singular
- •1.5. 1.3. Exceptions in singular
- •1.5.1.4. Plural
- •1.5.2. Participles
- •1. 7.3. Lndicative pronouns
- •2.1. Дdnominal genitive 2.1.1. Ownership/possession
- •2.1.2. :Relatio
- •2. 1.4.1. Тпе асегп of action
- •2.1.4.2. The object of action
- •2.1.5.2. Lndefinite quantity
- •2.1.6. The partitive genitive
- •2.1. 7. The nouns following adjectives and participles
- •2.1.8. Genitive case of time
- •2.2. Adverblal genitive 2.2.1. Object of а verb
- •Verbs and adverbs
- •2. 2. З. Nouns used with transitive verbs
- •2.2.4. The genitive case of negation
- •2.2.4.1. {А) lmpersonal constructions
- •2.2.4.4. (D) Negative verbal adverbs or participles
- •2.2.4.5. (Е) Stressed absolute negation
- •2.2.4.3. (С) Direct object with negation
- •2.2.4.6. (F) Set phrases with negation
- •2.2.4. 7. {G) Direct object is an abstract noun or pronoun
- •3.1.1. Simple primary prepositions
- •Imple adverblal prepositions
- •3.2. Complex prepositions
- •3. 2. 2. Complex nominal prepositions
- •3.2.5. Prepositions followed exclusively Ьу the genitive case
- •3.3.3. Ввиду - in view of, as, since
- •3.3.5. Взамен - instead of, in place of
- •3.3.6. Вместо - instead of, in place of
- •3.3.8. Внизу- at the foot of, at the bottom of
- •3.3.11. Возле - Ьу, oear, close Ьу
- •3.3.12. Вокруг - around, round
- •3.3.14. Вроде - like, not unlike, such as
- •3.3.15. Вследствие - owing to, on account of, in consequence of
- •3.3.42. Против - against, opposite
- •3.4.3. Special uses of douЫe prepositions
- •3.5.8. Независимо от- irrespective of
- •3.6.11. 8 Знак- as а sign of, as а token of
- •3.6.26. В порядке- in order of, as а matter of
- •3.6.27. В продолжение- during, for, in the course of
- •3.6.28. В pamкax-within the framework of
- •3.6.51. По причине- for the reason of, because of
- •3. 7. Genitive case prepositional constructions with complex verbal prepositions
- •3. 7. 1. Исходя из - proceeding from
1.1.4. Ldiomatic expressions and set-phrases
ldiomatic expressions and set-phrases with masculine аепоег
nouns in genitive case. без году неделя без роду и племени беситься с жиру бросаться деньгами без счёту(а) брать без разбору( а) войти без спросу говорить без умолку
hardly any time at а\\ without kith and kin
cannot have enough
to waste/to spend money
to take indiscriminately
to enter without permission to talk endlessly
to make а Ыunder
to give it to someone/to dress one
down
to make use of ... /to understand
no end to it /it wears well
no end to it /something is plenty to give а cry out of fright
was not, not even опее
to Ье tough on someone
no \aughing matter
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N. Ryan
RUSSIAN GENIТIVE: ITS FORMS AND USAGE
1
не подавать виду(а) не хватает духу
ни отдыху ни сроку
ни слух.у ни духу
ни шагу дальше отбою(я) нет
отказу нет
поддать жару покатиться с6 смеху покою(я) нет проводить до дому(а) сбивать с толк
с глазу на глаз
с миру по нитке - голому рубашка с часу на час сорок лет 6т роду
спору нет по douЬt/no argument
танцевать до упаду to dance till one is ready to drop
только и разговору, что... the whole discussion is about ...
уйти без спросу to leave without permission
умереть с голоду to die from hunger
упустить из виду to lose sight of ...
час 6т часу не легче it is going from bad to worse
нужно до зарезу it is needed desperately
lt is important to note that in some instances the masculine gender nouns with genitive case singular ending -а/-я and the genitive singular -у/-ю endings convey distinctly different meanings.
выйти из дому to step out, to go outside
выйти из дома уйти из дому
уйти из дома проводить до дому проводить до дома нет леса
нет лесу
not to show it, not to turn а hair to have no guts
no time по rest
no news/not even а word of ... not an inch further/don't move there is по getting rid of ... there is по refusal
to give it some heat
to fall about laughing
nothing but trouЫe
to see someone home to baffle/to confuse tete-a-tete
many а little, make а mickle
any moment now ... forty years old
то step out, to go outside
to leave а building/house/home to leave а building/house/home
to accompany /to take someone home to accompany /to take someone home there is no forest
there is по timber
1.2. Feminine gender nouns in the genitive case singular
1.2.1. The endings -ы and -и.
Regular feminine gender nouns
The feminine nouns in the genitive case singular take endings -ы or -и as follows.
Both animate and inanimate feminine gender nouns whose nominative stem ends in а hard consonant (as а rule, such nouns have the endir1g -а in the nominative singular) take the ending -ы in the geпitive singLJlar.
газета - газеты рыба- рыбы
newspaper - of а newspaper· fish - of а fish
сестра - сестры sister - of а sister
страна - страны country- of а country
Feminine gender nouns whose nominative вгегп ends in а soft consonant (as а rule, such nouns have the ending -я in the nominative singular) or in г, к, ч, щ, ж, ш, х or in any other consonant softened Ьу ь take the ending -и in the genitive singular. This rule also applies to the feminine gender nouns ending in -ия.
душа - души soul - of а soul
земля - земли land - of land
линия - линии лужа-лужи муха- мухи
тётя - тёти подруга - подруги роща - рощи
рука - руки
свеча - свечи тетрадь - тетради
line - of а line puddle - of а puddle fly- of а fly
aunt - of an aunt
friend - of а friend (female) grove - of а grove
hand - of а hand
candle - of а candle notebook - of а notebook
12
N. Ryan
RUSSIAN GENIТ/VE: ITS FORMS AND USAGE
13
1.2.2. lrregular feminine nouns
1 . З. 1 . 2. Nouns with the stem ending in ц, ч or щ
Some feminine gender nouns have irregular declensional form
s.
дочь - дочери daughter - of а daughter
любовь - любви love - of love
mother - of а mother
rye - of rye
flock - of а flock
мать - матери рожь- ржи стая - стаи
1 .З. Neuter gender nouns in the genitive case singular
1.3.1. The endings -а, -я and -ени
NeL1ter gender nouns in the genitive case singular may end in -а/-я or -ени according to the following rules.
1.3. 1.1. Nouns with а stem ending in а hard consonant
Neuter gender nouns that have а stem ending in а hard consonant take the ending -а in the genitive singular. When the stem of such nouns ends in а soft consonant or а consonant softened Ьу ь (as а rule, such nouns have the ending -е/-ё in the nominative singular) or have the ending -ие, they take the ending -я in the genitive singular.
вино - вина wine - of wine
зеркало - зеркала mirror - of а mirror
кресло - кресла arm-chair - of an arm-chair
окно - окна window - of а window
слово - слова
воскресенье - воскресенья здание - здания
море - моря
поле - поля
решение - решения
ружьё - ружья
word - of а word Sunday - of Sunday building - of а bL1ilding sea- of а sea
field - of а field decision - of а decision rifle - of а rifle
Neuter gender nouns with the stem ending in ц, ч, щ (regardless of their nominative singular ending ) take the ending -а in the genitive singL1lar.
кольцо - кольца лица - лица
плечо - плеча сердце - сердца училище - училища
имя - имени племя - племени пламя - пламени вымя - вымени темя - темени
семя - семени стремя - стремени
ring - of а ring
face - of а face shoulder - of а shoulder
heart - of а heart
college - of а college