- •Its forms and usage
- •1.1.1.2. Masculine nouns with stressed о, е, ё in the final syllaЫe of the stem
- •1.1.4. Ldiomatic expressions and set-phrases
- •1.2. Feminine gender nouns in the genitive case singular
- •1.2.1. The endings -ы and -и.
- •1.3.2. The ten neuter gender nouns which end in -мя in nominative singular
- •1.4. 1.4. Dropping the singular ending -а
- •1.4.1.Б. Retention of the nominative singular form as the genitive plural form
- •1.4.1.5. Dropping the singular ending -ин
- •1.4.2. Feminine gender nouns in the genitive plural 1.4.2.1. Dropping the singular ending -а
- •1.4.2.3. Dropped ending -а or -я and the insertion of а 'fleeting vowel'
- •1.4.З.2. Dropping of -е/-о ending and the insertion of the 'fleeting vowel' е
- •1.4.4. Nouns that have no singular form
- •1.4.3.5. Neuter gender nouns that end in -мя in nominative singular
- •1.4.4. 1. Zero-ending
- •1.4.4.2. The endings -ов and -ев
- •1.4.5. Adjectival nouns
- •1.S.1. Adjectives
- •1.S.1.1. Hard stem in singular
- •1.5.1.2. Soft stem in singular
- •1.5. 1.3. Exceptions in singular
- •1.5.1.4. Plural
- •1.5.2. Participles
- •1. 7.3. Lndicative pronouns
- •2.1. Дdnominal genitive 2.1.1. Ownership/possession
- •2.1.2. :Relatio
- •2. 1.4.1. Тпе асегп of action
- •2.1.4.2. The object of action
- •2.1.5.2. Lndefinite quantity
- •2.1.6. The partitive genitive
- •2.1. 7. The nouns following adjectives and participles
- •2.1.8. Genitive case of time
- •2.2. Adverblal genitive 2.2.1. Object of а verb
- •Verbs and adverbs
- •2. 2. З. Nouns used with transitive verbs
- •2.2.4. The genitive case of negation
- •2.2.4.1. {А) lmpersonal constructions
- •2.2.4.4. (D) Negative verbal adverbs or participles
- •2.2.4.5. (Е) Stressed absolute negation
- •2.2.4.3. (С) Direct object with negation
- •2.2.4.6. (F) Set phrases with negation
- •2.2.4. 7. {G) Direct object is an abstract noun or pronoun
- •3.1.1. Simple primary prepositions
- •Imple adverblal prepositions
- •3.2. Complex prepositions
- •3. 2. 2. Complex nominal prepositions
- •3.2.5. Prepositions followed exclusively Ьу the genitive case
- •3.3.3. Ввиду - in view of, as, since
- •3.3.5. Взамен - instead of, in place of
- •3.3.6. Вместо - instead of, in place of
- •3.3.8. Внизу- at the foot of, at the bottom of
- •3.3.11. Возле - Ьу, oear, close Ьу
- •3.3.12. Вокруг - around, round
- •3.3.14. Вроде - like, not unlike, such as
- •3.3.15. Вследствие - owing to, on account of, in consequence of
- •3.3.42. Против - against, opposite
- •3.4.3. Special uses of douЫe prepositions
- •3.5.8. Независимо от- irrespective of
- •3.6.11. 8 Знак- as а sign of, as а token of
- •3.6.26. В порядке- in order of, as а matter of
- •3.6.27. В продолжение- during, for, in the course of
- •3.6.28. В pamкax-within the framework of
- •3.6.51. По причине- for the reason of, because of
- •3. 7. Genitive case prepositional constructions with complex verbal prepositions
- •3. 7. 1. Исходя из - proceeding from
2. 2. З. Nouns used with transitive verbs
When поцпв are цэео with transitive verbs which denote an action passing over to part of an object, to an indefinite number of objects to simply an indefinite object, they are used in the genitive case.
Мила купила малины и напекла нам пирожков. Mila bougr.·
some raspberries and made some pies for us.
Мальчик поел хлеба и утолил голод. А Ьоу ate some breadao
satisfied his hunger.
Она нарвала цветов. She picked some flowers.
Он достал денег и накупил подарков своей сестре. Hegoi
some money and bought many gifts for his sister.
Я ожидаю решения по моему заявлению на стипендию
1 am waiting for а decision on my scholarship application.
2.2.4. The genitive case of negation
Shown below are tt1e constructions of the genitive case of negation
sed:
(а) with impersonal constructions
(Ь) with impersonal constructions with unspecified object {с) with direct object with negation
d) with negative verbal adverbs or participles (е) with stressed аозоипе negation
(f) in set phrases, expressions with negation
(g) when direct object is an abstract noun or pronoun это -this/thatjit
2.2.4.1. {А) lmpersonal constructions
The genitive case of negation is used in impersonal constructions with the negative verbs: нет - there is по, не было - there was по, не будет- there will not Ье, with other negated verbs denoting попexistence/non-availaЬility or non-appearance, and не надо/не нужно - to Ье not necessary.
В этом городе нет института иностранных языков. ln this
city there is no lnstitute of Foreign Languages.
В августе не было дождей. There was по rain in August. Сегодня не будет дождя. lt will not rain today.
На столе не осталось еды. No food was left on the tаЫе.
Из-за сильного дождя не было видно дороги. The road could not Ье seen because of the heavy rain.
Хорошему студенту не надо помощи. А good student does not need any help.
Маленькому мальчику не нужно машины. А small Ьоу does not need а car.
У Киры совсем нет свободного времени. Kira does not have any free time.
NB:
lf the object in such construction is expressed Ьу а definite nounoro pronoun either accusative or instrumental cases should ое used:
Она рвала цветы в своём саду. She picked the flowers fror
her garden.
Одними пирожными ты не наешься. Only small cakeswou
not satisfy your hunger. ----
44
RUSSIAN GENIТ/VE: ITS FORMS AND USAGE
45
2.2.4.2. (Ь) lmpersona, constructions with unspecified оь· Ject
The genitive case is used in impersonal construct·
. . . . IOПSWitt)
negated verbs when the obJect 1s not зресгйео ог totally absent.
вечером прохожих на у~ице не встречалось. ln the ev no passers-by were encountered 1n the street.
Сейчас мне не хочется чая. 1 don't feel like tea now.
у меня не осталось старых учебников. 1 don't have а~ textbooks left.
--- - -
NB: lf the object in such construction is specified the nomi~
usually used with the whole const, цспоп becoming personalano object becomes the subject of the seпtence.
(Вечером прохожих на улице не попадалось.) Прохожие, которые обычно встречаются мне на у днём, вечером не попадались. Pedestrians, whom 1 normally see in а street durinц the day, can not Ье seen inthe