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Файл:Учебник для тех магистр.docx
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- •Contents
- •Part 2. Academic writing practice 113
- •Part 3. Texts on interdisciplinary research for abstracting and annotating 132
- •Part 4. Topics for postgraduate exam 156 Supplementary file 162
- •Bibliography 256 Мои интернет-ресурсы 260
- •Методическая записка
- •Диаграмма междисциплинарного пособия по английскому языку
- •Part 1. Discussing scientific issues Unit 1. Modern system of higher education in Russia
- •1 ) Complete these sentences with the key vocabulary words in the form required
- •2) Choose one of the words to complete the sentences
- •3)* This text is from informational booklet about a college. Choose one of two variants in every case.
- •2) Compare engineering educational systems in different countries. Visit the website http://www.Answers.Com/topic/engineer
- •5) Discuss the following questions in pairs or in small groups
- •1) The following sentences are mixed formal and informal. Write f (formal) or I (informal) after each sentence and prove your answer.
- •2) Fill in the gaps of the tables given below with an appropriate word
- •3) Visit the website given below and do a quiz “Formal letter vocabulary”
- •4) Correct the mistakes in the following business letter
- •Unit 2. Universities as scientific centers. My university.
- •I nsert the missing prepositions if necessary
- •2) Fill in the gaps with the words and phrases from the box
- •3) Look at the idioms below. Each one is in some way connected to university life. Match each idiom with its definition.
- •4) Complete the sentences below by using one of the idioms above. Some of them can be used more than once.
- •1) Discuss education in different countries in pairs or in small groups and read short students’ interviews about studying in the uk
- •2)* Decide if the following statements are true or false
- •4) Listen to the recording once again and match words and phrases with their meaning
- •5) Discuss the following questions in pairs or in small groups
- •1) Study the following information about ways of writing a report
- •Outline
- •The Art of the Soluble
- •The Shock of the Not Quite New
- •The early evolution of the telescope
- •1 ) Complete these sentences with the key vocabulary words in the form required
- •2) Study гост 8.417-2002. Единицы величин: http://nolik.Ru/systems/gost.Htm
- •3) Match the name of the physical unit (column a) with its обозначение (column b) and the scientist whose name was given to the unit (Column c)
- •1) Read a short article about history of telecommunication and discuss it in pairs or in small groups
- •2) Match words and phrases from the text with their meaning
- •3 ) Visit the website given below and listen to a telecommunications expert talking about the most recent developments and current situation in this sector.
- •4)* Listen to the recording once again and decide whether the statements are true or false
- •5) Discuss the following questions in pairs or in small groups
- •Outline
- •Introduction
- •3) Work in pairs and check your groupmate’s letter using the criteria for assessment of appendix 8
- •Unit 4. Science and engineering in the modern world
- •The beginning of space race
- •1) Translate the following words and phrases from English into Russian
- •2) Read the short text below. Use the words given in capitals below the passage to form the new words fitting the corresponding spaces in the text.
- •Европейская наука
- •1) Read a short article about url and discuss it in pairs or in small groups
- •2) Analyze the website addresses given below from the point of view of their structural components (See exercise 1 for reference)
- •3 ) Listen to Jason Hadington, an expert in Internet search and discuss the ways of finding information in pairs or in small groups
- •4) Are the following sentences true or false?
- •5)* Match the websites with the information that can be got from them
- •Letter giving information
- •1) Study the following information about ways of writing a letter giving information
- •Outline
- •Introduction
- •3) Work in pairs and check your groupmate’s letter using the Criteria for assessment of appendix 8
- •Sms language
- •1 ) Study brief information about sms / e-mail language and sms / e-mail symbols and compose your sms or e-mail using sms / e-mail language for your classmates.
- •Ask Dr. H: “Who Do You Credit For Your Scientific Interests?”
- •1) Match words and their meaning
- •2) Explain the following abbreviations and acronyms, translate them in Russian
- •3) Find the words and phrases in the text which are synonymic to the following once:
- •4)* Read a short article about nanotechnology and fill in the gaps with the correct word or phrase from the box
- •Nanotechnology
- •Visual aid
- •1) Read a short article about visual aid
- •2 ) Listen to the conversation about using visuals in a presentation
- •3) Listen to the conversation again and fill in the gaps
- •5) Discuss the following questions in pairs or in small group?
- •1) Study the following information about ways of writing a letter of apology
- •Outline
- •Introduction
- •2) Look through the letter of apology given below and define a topic of each paragraph
- •3) Choose one of the following situations a) or b) to write a letter of apology
- •4) Work in pairs and check your groupmate’s letter using the Criteria for assessment of appendix 8
- •How to Find Mechanical Engineering Jobs
- •The future of engineering in Russia
- •1 ) Translate the following words and phrases from Russian into English
- •2)* Insert the missing prepositions if necessary
- •3) Fill the gaps with the words and phrases from the box. The meaning of the missing word or phrase is in the brackets.
- •Study the diagram of ways of finding a job and discuss it in pairs or in small groups
- •Employment agencies
- •Job fair
- •2 ) Listen to the tips of successful job interview
- •3) Listen to the tape once again and fill in the gaps
- •3) Discuss the following questions in pairs or in small groups
- •1) Study the following information about ways of writing
- •Interests and achievements
- •Outline
- •Interests
- •2) Imagine you have seen a job advertisement and really want to apply for this job. Prepare your cv, use appendix 7 for sample of cv.
- •1 ) Visit the website given below and a job advertisement for engineers you are interested in. Prepare your cv for this advertisement.
- •Moscow Region to get its own collider
- •1) Read the article once again, find international words, and fill up the following table
- •2) Using a dictionary translate the following words and explain their meaning
- •3) Highlight the following words in the text:
- •1) Read a short article about electrical engineering and its inventions and answer the questions given below.
- •3)* Are the following sentences true or false?
- •1) Study the following information about ways of writing a letter of application
- •Outline
- •Introduction
- •2) Arrange the following extracts from a letter of application
- •3) Here are job advertisements. Look through these advertisements, choose one of them,
- •2) Imagine that you are a young scientist and have made a very important invention. But how to patent it? Compose a brief presentation «How to patent an invention/idea» using the following website
- •Turning up the heat on quantum mechanics
- •1)* Match words and phrases from the text with their meaning
- •2) Insert the missing prepositions if necessary
- •Плавящийся при охлаждении кремний создан учёными
- •1) Read a short article about computer science
- •2) Listen to an interview of James Heather, a lecturer in computer science at the University of Surry, speaking about his invention and fill in the gaps
- •3) Answer the questions
- •1) Study the following information about ways of writing a cover letter
- •Outline
- •Introduction
- •2) Write a cover letter for cv you have already written in previous units. Use appendix 7 for sample of cover letter.
- •W riting a scholarly article
- •Unit 9. Great scientific events of the modern world
- •The Nobel Prizes
- •1 ) Translate the following words and phrases from Russian into English
- •2)* Insert the missing prepositions if necessary
- •3) Complete these sentences with the key vocabulary words in the form required
- •1) Visit website of Clay Mathematics Institute (cmi) http://www.Claymath.Org/poincare/index.Html
- •2) Watch John Tate's and Michael Atiyah's lectures on the Millennium Problems
- •1) Read a short article about graphene, the invention that got Nobel Prize in 2010
- •2 ) Visit the website given below, watch and listen to Willard s. Boyle’ s Nobel Speech about his invention
- •3) Listen to the tape once again and fill in the gaps
- •4) Prepare a report to compare the importance of invention of graphene and ccd – an extension of man’s vision for science and people
- •1) Study the following information about ways of writing a reference letter
- •Outline
- •Introduction
- •Unit 10. International supporting programs for students and young scientists
- •The Young Scientist Program
- •Support Program for Students, Graduate Students, and Young Scientists
- •Give Young Scientists a Break
- •1 ) Translate the following words and phrases from English into Russian
- •2) Insert the missing prepositions if necessary
- •Программы поддержки и гранты для научной молодежи
- •1) Read a short article about hbs given below
- •2) Visit the website given below to listen to the interview with PreMba Program Administrators and a Participating Student
- •3)* Are the following statements true or false?
- •4) Discuss the following questions in pairs or in small groups
- •1) Study the following information about ways of writing a letter of complaint
- •Outline
- •Introduction
- •3) Work in pairs and check your groupmate’s letter using the Criteria for assessment of appendix 8
- •1 ) Visit the website of the Polytechnical University and compose a brief presentation about international activity of our university. Use appendix 4 to evaluate your groupmate’s presentation.
- •Unit 11. Science and global problems
- •Global Warming
- •1 ) * Translate the following English words and phrases
- •2) Insert the missing prepositions if necessary
- •3) Complete the following table. Use the dictionary if necessary
- •4) Complete the text by choosing a word from the table
- •Глобальные проблемы современности
- •1) Read a short article about greenhouse effect
- •2) Visit the website given below to listen to the radio talk about causes and effects of climate change
- •3) Are the following statements true or false? If the sentence is false give the correct answer.
- •4) Discuss the following questions in pairs or in small groups
- •Outline
- •Writing the draft
- •1 ) Prepare a presentation about the things we can do to reduce global warming. You can use the website address given below to get more information.
- •2) Visit the website address
- •Scientific misconduct
- •Forms of scientific misconduct
- •1) Mach the words from the text with their definitions
- •2) Insert the missing prepositions if necessary
- •3)* Fill in the gaps with the words and phrases from the table
- •Ethics and science
- •4) Complete the following table. Use a dictionary if necessary
- •1) Study and discuss the following definition of science and the schematic diagram below
- •2) Listen to Laura Grant speaking about education of science
- •3) Are the following sentences true or false?
- •4) Listen to the tape once again and fill in the gaps
- •5) Discuss the following questions in pairs or in small groups
- •1) Study the following information about ways of writing an agenda
- •Outline
- •Part 2. Academic writing practice Preparing grant proposal
- •1. Cover sheet
- •2. Table of contents
- •3. Project summary
- •4. Project description
- •5. Reference cited
- •6. Biographical sketches
- •7. Budget
- •Writing a scholarly article
- •I. Prewriting
- •II. Literature review
- •III. Citations. Quotations, paraphrases and summaries
- •IV. Writing the draft
- •V. Revision of the final draft
- •Part 3. Texts on interdisciplinary research for abstracting and annotating
- •Carbon nanotubes: strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats
- •Prizewinning nanoparticle based ‘sharkskin’ for aeroplanes, ships and wind energy plants
- •Pyrolysis and gasification of food waste: syngas characteristics and char gasification kinetics
- •1. Introduction
- •2. Background
- •3. Experimental
- •4. Results and discussion
- •5. Conclusions
- •Validation of a model-based virtual trials method for tight glycemic control in intensive care
- •Introduction
- •Validation Analysis
- •Insertable surgical imaging device with pan, tilt, zoom, and lighting
- •I. Introduction
- •II. Prototype Device
- •III. Experiments and Results
- •IV. Conclusions and future work
- •Instability of pump-turbines during start-up in turbine mode
- •Introduction
- •1. Numerical flow simulation
- •2. Validation
- •3. Procedures to analyze fluxes
- •4. Results
- •5. Conclusions
- •Сделай сам: четырехколесный WiFi Robot на базе Mini-itx «материнки»
- •Ученые создали имплантируемую биологическую антенну для мониторинга организма
- •Проблема создания нанороботов
- •Вибрационные ветровые панели как альтернатива ветровым турбинам
- •Графен: материал будущего, или головная боль для ученых?
- •О возможности оптимизации инвестиционной политики при замене электрооборудования
- •Part 4. Topics for postgraduate exam List of topics for post-graduate exam
- •My scientific interests. My research diploma project.
- •Global problems and ways of their solution
- •3. Modern system of higher education in Russia
- •4. St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University as a scientific center. My department.
- •Contemporary scientific events
- •Researches, discoveries and innovations in English-speaking countries
- •Researches, discoveries and innovations in Russia
- •Prospects of work in my professional field
- •Supplementary file
- •Appendix 1. Additional articles
- •Text 1. Undergraduate Education: Types of Schools
- •Text 2 Educating the nation
- •Text 3
- •Unit 2 Science matters! The importance of scientific literacy.
- •Unit 3 Text 1. How the Hubble Telescope Will Die
- •Text 2. A Brief History of Engineering
- •Unit 4 Text 1. Computer and computer science
- •Text 2. The century-old artifact that defines the kilogram, the fundamental unit of mass, is to be replaced by a more accurate standards based on an invariant property of nature
- •Unit 5 The importance of physics: breakthroughs drive economy, quality of life
- •Unit 6 Career of engineer
- •Unit 7 Text 1. Science in Russia
- •Text 2. Smart Russia
- •Unit 8 High-energy Large Hadron Collider results published
- •Unit 9 The Millennium Prize for resolution of the Poincaré conjecture History and Background
- •Unit 10 Meeting with scientists
- •Unit 11 Climate changes
- •Unit 12 Speculations on the future of science
- •Appendix 2. Power Point presentation
- •Appendix 3. Strategies for oral presentations
- •8. Write your own humorous material.
- •Appendix 4. Oral presentation evaluation form
- •Introduction
- •Visual aids
- •Appendix 5. Body language
- •Appendix 6. Samples of grant proposal documents
- •Irex Special Projects in Library and Information Science with Central and Eastern Europe and Eurasia
- •Initial Goals
- •Appendix 7. Samples of business letters Structure of formal letter
- •Structure of informal letter
- •Sample of report
- •Site accident report
- •Introduction
- •Sample of letter of request
- •Sample of letter giving information
- •Sample of letter of apology
- •Sample of cv (Curriculum Vitae)
- •5) Affiliations:
- •Sample of letter of application
- •Sample of cover letter
- •Sample of letter of recommendation
- •Sample of letter of complaint
- •1) What is the topic of each paragraph?
- •2) Is it formal or informal letter? Is it mild or strong? Prove it.
- •Sample of memo
- •A) Company health club b) New general manager c) New sales manager d) Closure of cafeteria e) Meeting postponed f) Conference rooms
- •Sample of agenda
- •Appendix 8. Criteria for letter assessment
- •Appendix 9. Computer-assisted language learning environment
- •Example of the task fulfilled with the use of British National Corpus
- •Appendix 10. Guidelines for synopses and annotations
- •Appendix 11. Written practice exercises
- •Unit 10
- •Unit 11 Revision
- •Unit 12 Revision
- •Appendix 12. Intercultural communication
- •Appendix 13. Tests
- •I. Match words and phrases with their definitions
- •II. Translate the following words and phrases from Russian into English
- •III. Translate the following words and phrases from English into Russian
- •IV. Fill in the gaps with the words and phrases from the box
- •V. Answer the questions
- •I. Match words and phrases with their definitions
- •II. Translate the following words and phrases from Russian into English
- •III. Translate the following words and phrases from English into Russian
- •IV. Fill in the gaps with the words and phrases from the box
- •V. Answer the questions
- •Appendix 14. Key to tasks for self-checking
- •Bibliography
1) Read the article once again, find international words, and fill up the following table
Thematic group |
Word |
Translation |
Sciences |
Physics … |
Физика … |
Devices |
|
|
Particles |
|
|
Units of measurements |
|
|
Common scientific words |
|
|
Other |
|
|
2) Using a dictionary translate the following words and explain their meaning
Co-exist
Co-author
Co-owner
Co-worker
What is the meaning of the prefix co-? What Russian prefixes correspond to the English prefix co-? Give some more examples of English words with this prefix and translate them into Russian.
3) Highlight the following words in the text:
One-of-a-kind
World-class
High-energy
Quark-gluon
Charged-particle
Translate the following article from Russian into English
До сих пор все новое создавалось по формуле «от большого к малому». Примером того могут быть видеокассеты, которые сегодня постепенно уходят в прошлое, а на их место приходят DVD-диски. При этом вместимость DVD может быть значительно выше, чем видеокассеты. Существенны отличия и в качестве записи изображения на носителях. Другой пример – телевизоры или радиоприемники. Многие из нас помнят, какой громоздкой была эта аппаратура еще в 80-90-х годах прошлого века, и какая она сейчас. Достаточно увидеть жидкокристаллический или плазменный телевизор, которые можно не только поставить на полку, но и без проблем повесить на стену.
Теперь наука идет по обратному пути «снизу вверх», от малого к большому. Но это не означает, что мы вернемся к крупногабаритным вещам. Просто одна, может быть, совсем миниатюрная вещь будет содержать в себе огромное количество различных свойств. Иначе говоря, свойства того или иного предмета, материала будут закладываться уже на атомном, молекулярном уровне. К примеру, нанотехнологии могут решить проблему энергодефицита на земле. Одно из направлений в этой работе – перевод освещения на светодиоды, которые позволяют производить свет большой яркости при малом употреблении энергии. Такое революционное снижение энергопотребления не потребует строительства новых генераций, а сократит на порядок расходы энергии на освещение.
Будут созданы новые бактерицидные и противовирусные средства для лучшего заживления ран. Ученые предполагают, что возможно создание молекулярных роботов-врачей, которые внутри организма человека смогут самостоятельно устранять возникающие повреждения или не допускать их появления, тем самым наука не отрицает, что молекулярные роботы будут способны предотвращать старение клеток. Конечно, о бессмертии говорить пока рано, но перспективы в работе по достижению замедления старения человеческого организма есть.
Нанотехнологическое вооружение сравнивают с ядерным оружием, создание которого и обогащение которым двух супердержав – Советского Союза и Соединенных штатов Америки – привело к холодной войне. Но оружие, созданное по нанотехнологиям с одной стороны, значительно более мощное и эффективное, нежели ядерное, с другой, оно не несет таких глобальных и долгосрочных негативных последствий, оно может быть точно нацелено на конкретную цель. Возможности нанотехнологий могут быть использованы и в деятельности военной разведки, органов безопасности – это устройства сверхплотной записи информации, суперкомпьютеры и т.д.
Пока все нанотехнологические материалы стоят очень дорого. Но, как и в случае компьютерной отрасли, массовое производство приведет к резкому снижению цены. В невидимой борьбе за те прибыли, и влияние, которое даст нанотехнология, основными игроками являются США, Китай, и Россия. Израиль, Европейские страны, и страны Латинской Америки стремительно наращивают свой потенциал в этой области.
http://nanodigest.ru/; http://www.rus-nano.ru/
Read text 1 and text 2 for Unit 7 from appendix 1 and the situation in Russian science
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