"Genetics, Ecology, antibiotics, sterilization, disinfection, aseptic, antiseptic"
#166
*!The material basis of heredity in microorganisms
*DNA+++
*thymine
*deoxyribose
*plasma coagulase
*mucopolysaccharides
#167
*!The structure of the bacterial cell in which genetic information is localized in
*cytoplasmic membrane
*mitochondrion
*plasmid+++
*mesosoma
*ribosome
#168
*!A gene is
*progeny of a single cell
*changes in the nucleotide sequence
*culture composed of cells genetically homogeneous
*fragment DNA molecule that regulates protein or polypeptide synthesis++++
*DNA fragment certain extent, can be moved from one area to another
#169
*!Properties of microbial genes
*have a biochemical activity
*lost with changes in phenotype+++
*possess a self reproducible
*there's no linear arrangement
*do not susceptible to change
#170
*!A deletion is
*colicins products
*repetition of chromosomes section
*turn the chromosome region 1800
*the loss of large numbers of nucleotides+++
*moving the chromosome region to another area
#171
*!A duplication is
*colicins products
*repetition of chromosomes section+++
*turn the chromosome region 1800
*the loss of large numbers of nucleotides
*moving the chromosome region to another area
#172
*!The type of variability associated with changes in the structure of the genome
*combined
*genetic+++
*phenotypic
*recombination
*modification
#173
*!Structures involved in the process of transformation
*virulent bacteriophage
*temperate bacteriophage
*DNA donor culture+++
*RNA donor culture
*fertility factor
#174
*!Translocation is
*colicins products
*repetition of chromosomes section
*turn the chromosome region 1800
*the loss of large numbers of nucleotides
*moving the chromosome region to another area+++
#175
*!The change in the color of the media of Hiss is connected with
*pH change+++
*aging environment
*temperature change
*formation of gases
*insufficiency of oxygen
#176
*!Function of controllable R-plasmids
*resistance to antibiotics++++
*synthesis of enterotoxins
*synthesis of endotoxins
*synthesis colicins
*ATP synthesis
#177
*!Function of controllable Col-plasmids
*resistance to antibiotics
*synthesis of enterotoxins
*synthesis of endotoxins
*synthesis colicins++++
*synthesis of lecithin
#178
*!Function of controllable Ent- plasmids
*resistance in the external environment
*synthesis dermo-nekrotoxins
*synthesis of sex villi++++
*synthesis of endotoxin
*synthesis colicins
#179
*!The sanitary indicator of water
*index group of enterococcus
*coliforms
*perfringens- titer
*coli – titer+++
*coli - phage
#180
*!Method for determination of Coli - titer and Coli - index of water
*using membrane filters+++
*sedimentation by Koch method
*using anaerobic culture apparatus
*using apparatus Krotov
*serial dilution method
#181
*!The index of the total number of microbes of drinking water
*1,000 microbes per 1 liter
*100 microbes per 1 liter
*1,000 microbes per 1 ml
*100 microbes per 1 ml++
#182
*!Sanitary - indicative microorganism of water
*vibrio
*staphylococcus aureus
*adenoviruses
*mycobacteria
*E. coli+++
#183
*!Koli - titer of water – it is
*a smaller amount of water, in which is found at least one specimens of E.colі.
*the index of the most probable amount of the desired microbe.
*number of specimens E.colі found in 1 liter of water.++++
*total number of microorganisms in 1 liter of water.
*number of enteropathogenicE.colі.
#184
*!Koli– titerofwater – it is
*a smaller amount of water, in which is found at least one specimens of E.colі++.
*the index of the most probable amount of the desired microbe.
*number of specimens E.colі found in 1 liter of water.
*total number of microorganisms in 1 liter of water.
*number of enteropathogenicE.colі.
#185
*!Sanitary - indicative microorganisms of air
*staphylococcus aureus+++
*diphtheria bacillus
*E. coli
*meningococcus
*proteus
#186
*!Method for determination microbic number of air
*fermentation
*aspiration
*sedimentation+++
*serial dilutions
*membrane filters
#187
*!Method for determination microbic number of air
*determined by the formula Omelyanskii++++
*define only staphylococci
*identify E. coli
*number of microbes in 1 liter
*thenumberofstreptococci
#188
*!The method of sterilization of bacteriological loops is
*boiling *exposure *filtration *pasteurization *calcinations++
#189
*!The sanitary microbiology is studied
*viral diseases *microbial diseases *questions of disbacterioses *microflora environment+++ *phytopathogenic microorganisms
#190
*!Sterilization method of Petri dishes is
*exposure *boiling *filtration *calcination *steam under pressure+++
#191
*!Method for determining the sensitivity of microorganisms to antibiotics in Petri dish
*radial immunodiffusion in gel by Mancini
*double immunodiffusion according Ouchterlony gel
*"discs method " diffusion in agar +++
*immunofluorescence
*serial dilutions
#192
*! Fecal storage period for analysis of dysbiosis after collection of material
*less than 2 hours ?*to days at 00C *3 days *2 days *1 week
#193
*!Factors of dysbiosis development
*the use of vaccines. *the use of therapeutic serums
*inappropriate antibiotic therapy+++
*decrease in antibody titer in the blood
*use of immunomodulatory drugs
#194
*!The process of accounting results antibiotikogram by the method paper discs
*photocolorimeter *a color change of the medium *intensity of growth
*the degree of transparency
*diameter culture growth inhibition zone+++
#195
*!A set of measures aimed at preventing the ingress of microorganisms into the wound
*aseptic+++ *disinfection *sterilization *antiseptic *tyndallization
#196
*!The most optimal method of sterilization of all surgical instruments is
*filtration through a bacterial filter *ionizing radiation *autoclaving+++ *calcination *boiling
#197
*!The most optimal method of sterilization control mode during each cycle of autoclaving
*biotest - vegetative cells of heat-resistant bacteria
*substances with defined melting temperature
*chemical indicators - EC-120, EC-132 *bioassay - bacterial spores *sterilization time+++
#198
*!Sterilization - is
*exemption the object from only vegetative forms
*exemption only by aerobic microbes
*destruction of spores and vegetative forms of bacteria++++
*only the destruction of anaerobic forms of bacteria
*only the destruction of pathogenic microbes
#199
*!Disinfection - is
*exemption the object from only vegetative forms+++
*only the destruction of anaerobic forms of bacteria
*exemption only by aerobic microbes
*exemption from spores and vegetative forms
*only the destruction of pathogenic microbes
#200
*!A group of antibiotics by origin
*quinolines
*macrolides
*tetracyclines
*fungal+++
*aminoglycosides
#201
*!Group of antibiotics according to the spectrum of action
*synthetic
*narrow+++
*chemical
*bactericidal
*biosynthetic
#202
*!General property, typical of the plasmids and the bacterial chromosome
*circular form of DNA *located in the nucleotid
*no capacity for self-replication
*it can be transferred from one bacterial cell to another++++
*it is not vital to the structure of the bacterial cell
#203
*!The main features characteristic of plasmids, transposons, IS-sequence
*are extra chromosomal heredity factors +++
*are vital to the bacterial cell
*contain circularly - closed RNA *cause lysis of bacteria *located in nucleoid
#204
*!Structure capable of independent replication in autonomous condition
*plasmids+++ *transposons *temperate phage *virulent phage *Is-sequence
#205
*!Structure that can be in the status of a prophage
*Is-sequence *plasmids *transposons *moderate phage+++ *virulent phage
#206
*!Mutations by origin
*point
*induced++++
*chromosomal
*neutral
*robust
#207
*!Type of recombination
*deletion
*transformation++++
*duplication
*translocation
*diffusion
#208
*!Synonym of phenotypic variability
*hereditary
*individual+++
*group
*non-hereditary
*directed
#209
*!Enzymes used in genetic engineering
*restriction enzymes+++
*ligase+++
*DNA polymerase+++
*proteases
*coagulase
#210
*!Genetic recombination type in which the DNA fragment of the donor bacteria are not included in the chromosome of the recipient, and remains in the cytoplasm
*nonspecific transduction *specific transduction *abortive transduction++++ *transformation *conjugation
#211
*!At microscopic study of the culture isolated from milk, found Gram (-) rods
Kind of microorganism
*E. coli+++ *bacillus anthraxis *actinomycetes *corynebacterium *clostridium
#212
*! In a smear from a nasopharyngeal washout cook - bacteria, which are located in the form of bunches of grapes
Kind of microorganism
*sartsiny *diplococci *streptococci *pneumococci *staphylococci+++
#213
*!At microscopy sample taken from sour cream, found are oval Gram () microorganisms, many in the budding of the stage.
The most likely microorganism
*candida+++ *sartsiny *tetracocci *streptococci *staphylococci
#214
*!In a smear from colonies grown by plating samples of processed cheese, revealed long fibrous Gram (+) thread.
The most likely microorganism
*E. coli *actinomycetes *corynebacterium *clostridium *antrakoid++++
#215
*!When opening the boxes with canned fish found 5 cans with inflated lid.
The microorganism that can cause this defect
*E. coli *corynebacterium *actinomycetes *clostridium+++ *antrakoid
#216
*!In the dining room on the board for the meat is found mold and odor.
The most likely microorganism was isolated by bacteriological examination of material taken from this board
*fungi+++
*viruses
*bacteria
*protozoa
*actinomycetes
#217
*!Dysbiosis - a
*hereditary pathology
*infectious disease
*nosocomial infection
*contagious infection
*infringement of microbiota++++
#218
*! The patient was previously diagnosed with intestinal dysbiosis
Clinical manifestations indicating dysbiosis
*prolonged intestinal dysfunction
*acute intestinal dysfunction+++
*stool in the form of rice broth
*faeces mixed with blood
*colorless stool
#219
*!Microorganisms - representatives of the colon microflora, which are the most characteristic of intestinal dysbiosis
*hemolytic strains of E.coli+++
*lactose-positive E.coli
*bacteria of the genus Bifidobacterium
*bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus
*bacteria of the genus Bacteroides
#220
*!When loading the autoclave, broken tube with liquid culture medium
The method of processing the most appropriate in this case,
*pressoryzed steam
*calcination
*filtration
*irradiation+++
*boiling
#221
*!During laboratory touched loop with infected material to a working surface of the table
Disinfection method most appropriate to handle the desktop
*mechanical
*chemical++++
*physical
*focal
*fluid
#222
*!The method used for the analysis of microbial contamination of the working surface of the table
*washings using tampons+++
*sedimentation
*sterilization
*filtration
*aspiration
#223
*! The substance used for disinfection
*chloramine
*pairs of ethylene glycol
*ethyl alcohol 960+++
*soda solution
*lugol's solution
#224
*! Method of control of the disinfection
*bacteriological+++
*biological
*Andrede
*Ouchterlony
*ultrasonic
#225
*! Drugs used to treat intestinal dysbiosis
*probiotics+++
*serum
*vitamins
*vaccine
*BAA-s
#226
*!Purpose of determining the antibiotic resistance of causative agent
*selection of the dose
*selection method administration of the drug
*choice of the drug and the effectiveness of treatment++++
*determination of the amount of drugs procurement
*prevention
#227
*!The function of normal microflora
*mutagenic
*toxigenic
*cancerogenic
*antagonistic+++
*stimulation of autoimmune processes
#228
*!Conducted patient treatment with antibiotics failed to yield results
The strains possessed such property
*sporulation
*capsule formation
*resistance to acids
*antibiotic resistance+++
*formation vegetative form
#229
*!The sequence of processing in the conduct of operational tools
*presterilizing cleaning - sterilization
*sterilization, disinfection - presterilizing cleaning
*presterilizing cleaning - sterilization - disinfection
*pre-sterilized cleansing - disinfection - sterilization
*disinfection - presterilizing cleaning – sterilization++++
#230
*!The microorganism used for the creation of probiotics
*staphylococcus aureus
*bifidobacteria++++
*mycobacteria
*bacillus
*yeast
#231
*!Glass laboratory dishes are sterilized
*pasteurization
*tindalization
*with flowing steam
*in the apparatus of Koch
*dry heat++++++
#232
*!The chemicals that are highly active metabolites of microorganisms, selectively inhibit the growth of bacteria and certain cancers
*aseptic
*adhesion
*antibiotics+++++
*disinfectants
*antimetabolites
#233
*!The event that does not allow the introduction of micro-organisms from the environment in a person's body
*aseptic
*disinfestation
*antiseptic++++
*disinfection
*sterilization
#234
*!"Target" of the inhibitory action of antibiotics of the penicillin group, cephalosporin’s
*cytoplasmic membrane
*capsule
*nucleoid
*ribosome
*cell wall+++
#235
*!Requirements for antibiotics
*should harm microorganism
*must suppress the immunological response
*must quickly affect the microorganism++++
*should be suppressed under the influence of body fluid
*at a low concentration should not kill pathogens
#236
*!Substances that selectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of bacteria
*aseptic
*antiseptics
*disinfectants
*medical and biological preparations
*chemotherapy drugs++++
#237
*!Drug resistance is associated microorganisms
*mutations++++
*transfer of the R-factor
*action of the bacteriophage
*phenotypic variability
*weakening of reactivity of the organism