- •It is recommended for publishing as a study aid by the Editorial Board of Tomsk Polytechnic University
- •Соntents
- •Introduction
- •1. History of knowledge development about biosphere chemical composition and scale of its transformations
- •Global emission of chemical elements (thous.T/year) (according to V.V. Yermakov, 2003)
- •2. Key approachers to classification of chemical elements
- •Fig. 1 Classification of elements in human organism in terms of abundance and use (Underwood e., 1962)
- •Vital elements in composition of organisms (according to а. Lenindger)
- •Content of some elements in plants, animal and human organisms, mg/kg
- •Concentration of cations in marine water and organisms liquids of some mammals and birds, mg/kg (Bgatov а.V., 1999, with recalculations of Ignatova т.N., 2009)
- •Biogenetic classification of elements
- •3. Factors and processes element composition formation of living matter
- •4. Regional aspects of biogeochemistry
- •4.1. Conditions of the Natural Environment Components According to Ecological-Geochemical Monitoring and Population Health Data (Tomsk Region)
- •Geochemical specific characteristics in districts of Tomsk region to maximum element concentration in pathologically changed thyroid glands (relative to regional monitoring)
- •Different diseases of separate thyroid gland pathology types in districts of Tomsk region per 1000 persons (during 5 years)
- •4.2. Element composition of human organs and tissues
- •Contemporary estimation of the environmental pathology (wt. %) and trace elements (mg/kg) in a human body (From Ulf Lindh, 2005 with changes)
- •Comparative estimation of element analysis results obtained by inaa method with published data of domestic and international standards
- •4.3. Biogeochemistry of uranium and thorium
- •Thorium content in the plants of the Large Vasyugan marsh, mg/kg (dm) (“Geochemistry…”, 2002)
- •4.4. Rare earth element in human organs and tissues
- •4.5. Element content in children hair samples
- •Comparative analysis of evaluation level of the chemical element concentration in human hair (mg/kg, dry weight)
- •Comparative data of children hair composition (mg/kg, dry weight) from different regions of Russia, Belorussia and Kazakhstan
- •Geochemical specification of population hair in Tomsk oblast and other regions (n – number of samples)
- •Conclusion
- •References
- •Geochemistry of living organisms
- •Published in author’s version
- •Printed in the tpu Publishing House in full accordance with the quality of the given make up page
EdUCATION AND SCIENCE MINISTRY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
NATIONAL RESEARCH TOMSK POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY
______________________________________________________________
N.V. Baranovskaya, I.A. Matveenko
GEOCHEMISTRY of living organisms
It is recommended for publishing as a study aid by the Editorial Board of Tomsk Polytechnic University
Tomsk Polytechnic University Publishing House
2011
UDC 574.4 (075.8)
BBC 26.30я73
B24
Baranovskaya N.V.
С
E00
оursebook of geochemistry of living organisms / N.V. Baranovskaya, I.А. Маtveenko – Томsk: Presented Томского политехнического университета, 2011. – 111 с.
Geochemistry of living organisms as an integrated science studying the elemental composition of the living matter and its role in migration, transformation, accumulation of chemical elements and their compounds in the biosphere, has agane become the leading scientific branch highlighting the man – made evolution of the planet and the pathway of interaction between the man and environment. This studbook presented some questions about modern biogeochemical situation in global and region aspects.
The tutorial is intended for students and masters of ecological specialities, but could be quite useful for lectures, students and experts who call themselves “environmentalits” and are interested in speaking on the problems of geochemistry of living organisms, ecology, environment. .
UDC 574.4 (075.8)
BBC 26.30я73
B24
Science Editor Doctor Professor, d.g.-m.s. L.P. Rikhvanov
Head of environment Department of Tomsk region, d.t.s., PhD (biology science)
А.М. Аdam
© STE HPT TPU, 2011
© Baranovskaya N.V. 2011
© Design. Tomsk Polytechnic University Publishing House, 2011
Соntents
INTRODUCTION
1. HISTORY OF KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT ABOUT BIOSPHERE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND SCALE OF ITS TRANSFORMATIONS
2. KEY APPROACHERS TO CLASSIFICATION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS
3. FACTORS AND PROCESSES ELEMENT COMPOSITION FORMATION OF LIVING MATTER
4. REGIONAL ASPECTS OF BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
4.1. Conditions of the Natural Environment Components According to Ecological-Geochemical Monitoring and Population Health Data (Tomsk Region)
4.2. Element composition of human organs and tissues
4.3. Biogeochemistry of uranium and thorium
4.4. Rare earth element in human organs and tissues
4.5. Element content in children hair samples
CONCLUSION
Introduction
At the boundary of the third millennium medical-biological sciences have achieved extraordinarily high level of technology development and research methods of organism functioning at its different levels and the role of chemical elements in these processes. Biogeochemistry as an integrated science dealing with element composition of living matter and its role in migration, transformation and concentration of elements and their compounds in biosphere, first developed by V.I. Vernadskiy and his followers in the 30’s of the last century, is a key scientific trend (Yermakov, 2003). This science is one of the basic disciplines in higher education along with ecology, geography, geology, biology, chemistry, medicine and other sciences (Bashkin, 2004). The intensive technogenic environmental transformation poses a problem of studying the regularities in accumulation and distribution of chemical elements in living matter at it different organization levels and in connection with its surrounding its geospheric shells based on generalization of available data and their addition with elements that have been poorly studied. On the practical level the results of solution have to be laid as a basis for medical-environmental monitoring defined at present as an important priority of national safety and sustainable development of Russia (Agadzhanyan et al, 2006). Evaluation of element composition evolution and its habitat is one of the basic tasks of biogeochemistry. Its solution is a fundamental for biogeochemistry development incorporating a plenty of various sciences. This manual is a generalization of scientific results of recent years and intended for the students and master-students as well as everybody who are interested in study of biogeochemical parameter changes of contemporary biosphere, element migration and questions of changes in geochemical parameters of geospheric shells with human health state on global and regional scale.