Практичне заняття 4.3

Інфекційні захворювання. Пневмонія та грип

1. Вплив погоди на настрій та здоров’я людей. Погода в Україні та країні, мова якої вивчається.

2. Оволодіти лексико-граматичним мінімумом та найуживанішими виразами зі сфери погоди, здоров’я людини, спілкування пацієнта з лікарями-спеціалістами.

3. Написання дискурсивних есе за визначеною темою.

«Infectious Diseases. Scarlet Fever and Measles»

To affect – впливати

Infectious – інфекційній

To spread – поширюватись

To avoid – уникати

A disease agent – збудник захворювання

To contain – містити

Harmful – шкідливий

Bloodstream – кровообіг

Infection – інфекція

Immunity – імунітет

Skin – шкіра

To breathe – дихати

To enter – входити

To destroy – руйнувати

To surround – оточувати

To pass through – проходити через

A rash – висипка

To isolate – ізолювати

Nourishing – поживний

Measles – кір

Scarlet fever – скарлатина

Sign – ознака, симптом

Vomiting – блювання

I. Speaking

1. Have you ever had such diseases as scarlet fever or measles?

2. Do you know the symptoms of these diseases?

3. How do you get an infectious disease?

II. Work with Text

Pre-reading activities

4. Match definitions with words.

a) Infection	to damage something so badly that it no lon­ger exists
b) Immunity	the act or process of causing or getting a dis­ease
c) To breathe	to come inside or interact with something
d) To destroy	the body's ability to avoid or not be affected by infections and diseases
e) To enter	to take air into lungs and send it out again through your nose or mouth

5. Replace the italicized parts of the sentences with equivalents from the text.

1. It's possible to prevent this illness.

2. The food should be prepared with pleasure.

3. The diet consists of different products.

4. His face is red.

5. Her lips are damp.

6. Patients with infectious diseases are taken away.

Reading

6. Read the text carefully and learn about disease agents and symptoms of measles and scarlet fever.

A disease agent

A disease agent is something which causes an infectious disease, of disease agents, the smallest disease agents. Here are five kinds of disease. Viruses are the smallest disease agents. There are viruses all around you. You cannot see them without using a special microscope. Most viruses are harmful. Have you ever had a cold or the flu? Have you ever had measles or mumps? These diseases are caused by viruses.

Bacteria are the most common form of life on the Earth. There are bacteria in the water and in the soil. There are bacteria in your body and on your body. Many kinds of bacteria do not harm you. Others cause diseases. Have you ever had strep throat? Strep throat is caused by bacteria.

Protozoa are one-celled animal-like disease agents. Protozoa are small, but they are larger than bacteria. Sometimes they get into your digestive system. You may drink or eat food that contains them. How will protozoa affect you? They may cause problems in the digestive system.

Fungi are plant-like agents which have no roots, stems, or leaves. They may be helpful or harmful. Have you ever seen mushrooms growing in a field? Mushrooms are a kind of fungi. Fungi can live under a fingernail. They can be found on the cells that form a nail. Other kind of fungus grows between your toes. It may also grow on the soles of your feet. This infectious disease is called athlete's foot.

Parasitic worms are worms that live in or on another living organism. A host is a living organism on which an agent lives and gets its food. Here is an example of what a parasitic worm can do. A tapeworm is a parasitic worm that may be found in some kinds of meat. The tapeworm can be killed if the meat is fully cooked. Suppose you eat meat that is not fully cooked. You may get a tapeworm inside you. You become a host because the tapeworm is living inside you. It gets its food from your blood. Then your body cells do not get the food they need. You become tired and ill.