Vocabulary

activism - активная деятельность appropriately - соответственно aware, to be aware - осознавать capacity - способность cause - дело church - церковь concern - забота continual - постоянный decline - упадок devastate - опустошать encourage - поощрять endangered - подверженные опасности expand - расширять foster - воспитывать influence – влияние

neighbourhood - соседство nurture - воспитывать

patiently - терпеливо perception - восприятие plight - состояние require - требовать respond - реагировать sidewalk - тротуар species - вид (биол.) trend - направление values - ценности youngster - подросток

Exercise 1. Find the English equivalents for:

1. подобно многим детям

2. в отличие от

3. с помощью

4. заботиться

5. через школу

6. бездомные

7. в прошлом

8. ключевая роль

9. расширять деятельность

10.многоквартирный дом

Exercise 2. Answer the following questions:

1. What did Sara do unlike other children?

2. Why did she decide to bake cakes?

3. How did she use the money raised?

4. Why was she devastated?

5. Who explained her that there were many other big problems?

6. How has Sara expanded her causes?

7. What is a parents' role in raising children?

8. Why hasn't church played a key role in fostering moral development any longer?

9. What is the role of schools in raising children?

10. What complicates the transmission of values?

Exercise 3. Are the sentences true or false?

1. Most children like animals.

2. Almost all youngsters turn that love into activism.

3. Some species are in danger.

4. Sara sold baked cakes to raise money for endangered species.

5. Sara thought she had solved the problem of endangered species.

6. Some parents can discourage a child's sense of morality.

7. The capacity for goodness does not need nurturing.

8. Nowadays schools and churches play a key role in raising good children.

Exercise 4. Translate into English:

1. Сара решила помочь животным, находящимся в угрожающем положении.

2. Мама посоветовала ей испечь печенье, продать его и выслать деньги в Фонд защиты диких животных.

3. Сара думала, что она решила эту проблему.

4. Ее мама объяснила ей, что есть много проблем, требующих постоянной помощи от людей.

5. Сара приносит еду бездомным и помогает в работе городского детского Центра.

6. Родители должны служить образцом для своих детей.

7. Они должны осознавать различие в восприятии мира ребенком в разном возрасте.

8. В прошлом школа и церковь играли ключевую роль в моральном воспитании детей.

9. Родители должны воспитывать у своих детей способность приносить добро.

10. Многие исследования показывают, что родители оказывают самое важное влияние на своих детей.

Exercise 5. Speaking.

1. The importance of parents' influence on their children.

2. The role of schools in raising good children.

3. Social trends which complicate the transmission of values.

UNIT 7.

Working Holidays

Every summer hundreds of thousands of students travel to other countries looking for work and adventure. Most of the opportunities are in the seasonal work mainly connected with tourism and agriculture. The pay is usually poor but most people work abroad for the thrill of travel. You can pick grapes in France, work on a family campsite, entertain kids on American summer camps and of course there are always jobs in hotels and restaurants.

But it is not as easy as it used to be to find work. Unless you speak the language of the country well, there will be very few openings says Anthea Ellis, an adviser on vacation work for students. If you work as a nanny with a family in Italy then of course you'll have to speak Italian. When you arrive to wash dishes in a restaurant in Paris, the owner will expect you to speak French. British students only have a language advantage for jobs in the USA and Australia.

Not everyone enjoys the experience. Sarah James was a courier responsible for forty American children in Europe. The two teachers who accompanied the children had never been abroad. One child lost his passport, another became seriously ill and was flown home, four children were lost in Madrid for a whole day; the whole group was thrown out of one hotel because of the noise they made. Sarah had one free evening of the entire trip. I did visit a lot of new places, she says but it wasn't worth it. The pay was awful and it really was a 24-hour-a-day job. The kids never slept!

The trouble is students expect to have an easy time of it, Anthea Ellis points out. After all they see it as a holiday. In practice though you have to work hard. At the same time all vacation work is casual work. You'll have a job when the hotel, the restaurant or the campsite is busy. In other words you'll work if it's convenient for the company that employs you. But you have few employment rights. As soon as the holiday season finishes they'll get rid of you. If you don't work hard or if your employer doesn't like you you'll get the sack.