Passive Voice

Exercise 1. Translate into Russian:

1. The shape and size of world energy demand is increasingly being determined not by rich countries but by the fast- growing developing countries of Latin America and Asia.

2. These antagonisms have often been worsened by struggles over ideology and government authority.

3. The concept of security has for too long been interpreted narrowly.

4. He was a third year student and his name, I had been told, was Tibor Arkadi.

5. I had been terribly offended by him and we had an argument.

6. The flowers have been kept without water for a week.

7. The children are not taken good care of at home.

8. You may be introduced to each other at the party.

9. The problem will be dealt with in the next chapter.

10. Any new research is welcome.

11. The study was carried out at a medium-size state University in Virginia.

12. Most of these crimes have been reported in one or another country, at one or another time.

13. Two characteristics of such provisions structure the way they are produced.

14. Her brother was elected president of the new concern.

15. The lists have been sent to both newspapers and now are being printed.

Exercise 2. Translate from Russian into English:

1. Проект был разработан убедительно, подробно, но маршрутная часть должна быть уточнена.

2. За ним послали полчаса назад. Он должен скоро прийти.

3. Этот вопрос на сегодняшней встрече обсуждаться не будет.

4. Монумент уже установлен. Он находится у входа в академию.

5. Мне еще никто ничего об этом не говорил.

6. Почему на его статьи никогда не ссылаются? По крайней мере я не встречал еще ссылок.

7. Было рассмотрено много путей решения этой проблемы, но ваше решение самое лучшее.

8. Это и есть тот ученый, о котором так много говорят в последнее время.

9. Ему сказали, что уже ничего нельзя изменить, так как решение принято.

10. Рейс уже объявили, а ее нигде не было видно.

11. В этой статье ничего не говорится о реформе.

На практике решения обычно принимаются при обстоятельствах, которые далеки от идеальных.

13. Кредиты предоставляются на довольно жестких условиях.

14. Поставки будут возобновлены, как только новый договор будет подписан.

15. Те, кто нарушают мораль, считаются "плохими" другими людьми в обществе.

16. Законы и нормы вырабатываются и воплощаются обществом.

Exercise 3. Answer the questions. Use the Passive: Pattern:

• He's found the road so quickly. Did someone show him the way?

• Yes, he was shown the way by a passer-by.

1. You've come very soon. Did anybody give you a lift?

2. She's done that very well. Did they show how to do it?

3. You have a very good post. Did they offer you this job long ago?

4. Did someone tell them how to reach the academy?

5. Who interviewed you in that firm?

6. Who invited him to participate in an international symposium?

7. What kind of questions did the examiner ask the students?

8. What did the doctor order her to do?

9. What does he usually ask them to do when he comes to this town?

10. What surprised you so?

Modals

Exercise 1. Translate into Russian:

1. You should have noticed the differences.

2. You must follow the instructions to the letter.

3. Every small detail must be accurate.

4. The containers and crates must be screwed carefully.

5. The job description has to be handed out to all employees so they know what is expected of them.

6. The manager may have decided that the store had the wrong image.

7. New products could be introduced.

8. They must have broken the contract.

9. Decisions must have been made quickly.

10. He may have thought that the chemistry between the two firms was right.

11. She should have told me about it herself.

12. Why shouldn't I have done it?

13. I have had to remind you of writing to the buyer.

13. I have had to remind you of writing to the buyer.

14. No national currency can resolve the problems.

15. After several offences you might find yourself with fewer friends, or be punished by your family or by some other group.

16. The social worker should serve clients with devotion, loyalty and the maximum application of professional skills.

17. But that's just we cannot afford to do.

18. For much the same reasons, we ought to expect a differentiated success rate among developing countries.

19. Nor ought we to expect that countries dominated by selfish authoritarian elites bent upon enhancing their military power.

20. How many developing nations will be able to follow East Asia's growth is impossible to tell.

21. I should have seen the signs, but I was blind to them.

22. She must have been worried by the tone of my voice.

23. Have you rung the theatre? They might know something.

24. There was a message in the file which she must have read earlier in the day.

25. Of course it might not be the Tibor I was thinking of, but somehow, in my heart, I knew immediately that it was.

Exercise 2. Translate from Russian into English. Use modal verbs:

1. Вам этого не доказать.

2. Может быть, вы встретили кого-нибудь по пути в отель?

3. Вас даже нельзя сравнить с Максом, который только и искал случая заработать деньги.

4. Должно быть, заседание отменили, так как он пришел рано домой.

5. Ты можешь взять словарь. Мне он больше не нужен.

6. Дети могут легко придумывать разные истории.

7. Вы не очень хорошо выглядите. Вам следует пойти к врачу.

8. Она, должно быть, заболела. Я не видела ее сегодня.

9. Очевидно, она сердита на нас, поэтому она не звонит и не приходит.

10. Это был последний автобус. Теперь вам придется идти на станцию пешком.

11. Если так будет продолжаться, нам придется принять меры.

12. Он давно ушел и к пяти часам должен вернуться.

13. Вам не надо волноваться. Вы хорошо готовы к интервью.

14. - Когда должен прибыть самолет? - Через полчаса.

15. Вам следует поторопиться. Ваш доклад второй.