Vocabulary

4. Based on this information, check (√) the job you feel would not bea good choice for each personality type.

1. Artistic a) actor b) computer programmer

c) photographer d) songwriter

2. Conventional a) accountant b) bookkeeper

c) inventor d) secretary

3. Enterprising a) painter b) manager

c) politician d) salesperson

4. Investigative a) detective b) model

c) psychologist d) researcher

5. Realistic a) carpenter b) factory worker

c) mechanic d) reporter

6. Social a) doctor b) nurse

c) writer d) teacher

Speaking

5. Describe your personality type according to the information of thetext:

1. Which personality type are you most similar to?

2. What kind of jobs do you think fit your personality? You can finddifferent professions in the Supplement I.

Writing

4. Write a covering letter(letter of application).

Unit V

Wonders of the World

Before you start

1. In the 2nd century ВС a list of the most impressive and beautifulman-made objects in the world was made. These were called TheSeven Wonders of the World. Read the list of famous buildings usingthe transcription and try to find The Seven Wonders among them.

1. The Pharos, lighthouse of Alexandria

2. The Tomb of Mausolus

3. The Temple of Diana

4. Coliseum

5. The Statue of Zeus at Olympia

6. The Pyramids of Egypt

7. London Tower Bridge

8. Stonehenge

9. The Hanging Gardens of Babylon

10. The Colossus of Rhodes

Reading

2. Read the text and say in what way do modern wonders aredifferent from ancient wonders?

Wonders of the Modern World

1. Computers. They have already revolutionized the way welive and work. But it is early days for computers. We don’t knowhow much they are still changing the world. More computer wonders are yet to come.

2. Space Travel. Only a few years before men were walking onthe Moon, the reputable scientists declared that it was impossible.But in 1969 Neil Armstrong stepped out of his space capsule andmade his famous statement: 'That's one small step for a man, onegiant leap for mankind'.

3. Medical Science. Surely nothing has done more for thecomfort and happiness of mankind than the advance of medicalknowledge! How many millions of in your country, but you must agree that phenomenon which sees the population of Greece treble in summer,and which sends office workers and shop assistants to Spain, Turkey,or the Caribbean is a wonder of the world.

4. Holidays. Yes — holidays! In fact there have always been holidays — in ancient Rome there were more than 150 a year — buta holiday used to mean simply a day when you didn't work. Nowholidaymakers travel to all parts of the world. Perhaps you don't likeso many tourists in your country, but you must agree that aphenomenon which sees the population of Greece treble in summer,and which sends office workers and shop assistants to Spain, Turkey,or the Caribbean is a wonder of the world

5. The Olympic Games. It is true that the Olympic Games are now commercialized and there is greed and drug abuse. However, itis a competition in which every country in the world takes part. Everyfour years, for a brief moment, we see these countries come togetherin peace and friendship. We feel hope again for the future ofmankind.

6. Agriculture. In 1724, Jonathan Swift wrote, "Whoever makes two blades of grass or two ears of corn grow where only onegrew before serves mankind better than the whole race of politicians'.In Europe our farmers have done this. In 1709, whole villages inFrance died of hunger. Now, in Europe we can't eat all the food weproduce. If only the politicians could find a way to share it with thoseparts of the world where there is still famine.

7. We are still here. The last wonder of the modern world issimply that we are still here. We have bombs that could destroy theworld but we have not used them. This is surely the greatest wonderof all!

We don’t believe that today's wonders are similar in kind to thewonders of the Ancient World. They were all buildings and statues.In the last two centuries we have seen unprecedented technical andscientific achievements. These are surely our modern wonders.

Speaking

3. Here are seven more statements about wonders. Which statementgoes with which wonder?

a. Surgeons can perform the most amazing operations.

b. We see people from warring countries shake hands

с. Small children can program them, sometimes more easilythan adults!

d. No government dares to use such weapons.

e. Maybe visiting one country a day is not your idea of the bestway to see the world!

f. We produce enough to feed the world.

g. Progress in this area is slower now. Not as much money goesinto research as in the 1960s.

Unit VI

Smart Card

Before you start

1.Smart cards, robotics, and virtual reality are three areas ofcomputing where developments are taking place very fast. Work inpairs and try to add to these lists of current and possible futureapplications.

Smart cards	Robotics	Virtual reality
Identification high-security access electronic money	welding cars repairing nuclear power plants bomb disposal	games virtual travel

2. Work in two groups. Read your text on developments in computing,and make notes in the table below.

Development
Applications
How soon?

Text A

SMART CARDS

If your friend suddenly had an accident and was unconscious orincoherent, could you provide any information to an ambulancecrew? Would you know her blood type, her allergies, the prescriptiondrugs she takes? Probably not. Even family members may not havethis information, or be too distraught themselves to provide neededmedical information. Enter the MediCard, a plastic card that has anembedded chip containing all that patient information. Smallcomputers that can read the cards are installed in ambulances and inhospital emergency rooms. This system is working successfully in some communities. The biggest problem is making sure that peoplecarry their cards at all times.

Notes: distraught - потерявшийрассудок, обезумевший

Text B

ROBOTICS

One of the most important steps in computing technology in the coming years is likely to be a return to mechanical methods. Usingthe same process used to create chips, it's possible to fabricatemechanical parts - levers, gear wheels, and small motors.

The best known example of a micro-machine was created bySandia Laboratories in New Mexico in the US. It's a complete motordeveloping 50uW of power in one square millimetre - still a bit bigfor some of the micro-machines planned for the future.

What are micro-machines going to be used for? Obvious applications aresensors, gyros, and drug delivery. The idea is that amicro-machine could have a strain sensor or a gyroscopic attitudesensor and electronics built into a single chip-sized package. The ideaof using a micro-machine to deliver drugs is getting a bit closer tomore sci-fi applications. Only a step further is the idea of buildinginsect-sized robots that could do difficult jobs in very small places.

Swallowing an ant-sired machine to cure you or putting one inside some failed machinery seems like a really good idea!

Speaking and Writing

3. What kind of information would you encode in three followingsmart cards? Compare your answers with the other students in yourgroup.

1. A medical card 3. An identification card

2. A sport club membership card 4. An electronic wallet

4. We have looked through The Seven Wonders of the World of thepast, present and several of the future. Write a short report on whatwonders of the world could be created in the near future.

Unit VII

Four Industrial Revolutions

Before you start

1.Answer the following question:

How does the industrial revolution influence human life?

Reading

2. Read the text and find answers to the questions below:

1. When does the history of mechanical engineering begin?

2. What were the earliest types of machines?

3. What are the four stages of the development of worldindustry and what are they characterized by?

4. What period of industrial revolution occurs at present?