S tylistic phonetics
Alliteration
Onomatopoeia
Rhyme
Rhythm
Bloomfield: … in human speech different sounds have different meaning. To study the coordination of certain sounds with certain meanings is to study language.
Alliteration
A
lliteration
is a stylistic device, in which successive words (more strictly,
stressed syllables) begin with the same consonant sound or letter.
Two types of alliteration are assonance, the repetition of vowel sounds, and consonance, the repetition of consonant sounds.
Read the extracts and define the type of alliteration
1/ Радиация. Радиус. Рация.
Радость. Радий. Распад. Реакция.
Расщепление. Рана. Расплата.
Риск. Разруха. Река. Ребята.
Свет. Сознание. Состояние.
Страх. Сирена. Семья. Сияние.
Смерч. Судьба. Свинец. Сомнение.
Слабость. Скрип. Соединение.
Тень. Тревога. Тормоз. Туча.
Тяга. Тополь. Тоска. Текучесть.
Телефон. Тишина. Трясина.
Точка. Тени. Тягучая тина.
Узнавание. Упование.
Неожиданное признание.
Неизвестность. Расскажет много ль
мертвый город, чье имя-Чернобыль?
2/ Hwæt! We Gardena in geardagum, þeodcyninga, þrym gefrunon, hu ða æþelingas ellen fremedon. Oft Scyld Scefing sceaþena þreatum, … Beowulf
3/ “The possessive instinct never stands still. Through florescence and fend, frosts and fires it follows the laws of progression”. Galsworthy
4/ “Deep into the darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing,
Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortals ever dared to dream before”. Poe
Alliteration in set-expression and titles of the books
Tit for tat – зуб за зуб;
betwixt and between – ни то, ни се;
neck or nothing – пан или пропал;
blind as a bat – совершенно слеп;
“Sense and Sensibility”,
“Pride and Prejudice”(Jane Austin),
“The School for Scandal”(Sheridan),
“A Book of Phase and Fable”(Brewer).
Onomatopoeia
O nomatopoeia is a combination of speech-sounds which aims at imitating sounds produced in nature; by people, by things and by animals.
Direct onomatopoeia is contained in words that imitate natural sounds, as ding-dong, buzz, cuckoo, mew.
Indirect onomatopoeia is a combination of sounds the aims of which is to make the sound of the utterance an echo of its sense. The wounded soldier groaned.
2. Translate the following examples of onomatopoeia
babble, chatter, giggle, grumble, murmur, mutter, titter, whisper; buzz, cackle, croak, crow, hiss, howl, moo, mew, roar; bubble, splash; clink, tinkle; clash, crash, whack, whip, whisk; hiss, powwow, murmur, bump, grumble, sizzle, ding-dong, buzz, bang, cuckoo, tintinnabulation, mew, ping-pong, roar; bubble, splash, rustle, purr, flop, babble, giggle, whistle
Rhyme
R hyme is the repetition of identical or similar terminal sound combinations of words.
RHYMES DEFINED BY NATURE OF SIMILARITY
perfect rhyme, full rhyme: true/blue, mountain/fountain, might/ right
imperfect rhyme, incomplete rhyme: lap/shape, glorious/nefarious.
+ assonant rhyme, vowel rhyme: dip/limp, man/prank, flesh/fresh/press
+ consonant rhyme: limp/lump, bit/bet, tale/ tool, treble/ trouble
eye rhyme: love/move/prove, why/envy. melody - eye
identical rhyme: Ground/ Ground.
rich rhyme (homonyms): blue/blew, guessed/guest.
scarce rhyme: whisp/lisp, motionless/oceanless
macaronic rhyme: glory/pro patria mori, sure/kreatur, queasy/civilisé.
RHYMES DEFINED BY RELATION TO STRESS PATTERN
one-syllable rhyme, masculine rhyme: One, two/ Buckle my shoe
polysyllable rhyme, feminine rhyme: dying/flying, generate/venerate.
light rhyme: frog/dialog, live/prohibitive.
wrenched rhyme: lady/a bee.
RHYMES DEFINED BY POSITION