- •I. The eu institutions and bodies
- •Introduction.
- •I. The ec1 Treaty Provisions
- •II. Texts for discussion and translation
- •The Union’s Institutions and Bodies
- •III. Additional texts for translation
- •II. Sources of european community law and the law-making process
- •I. The ec Treaty Provisions
- •II. Texts for discussion and translation
- •Sources of European Community Law
- •III. Additional texts for translation:
- •III. The judicial system
- •I. The ec Treaty Provisions
- •II. Texts for discussion and translation
- •Types of action before the European Courts
- •III. Additional texts for translation:
- •Impact of ec law on national remedies
- •IV. Supremacy and direct effect
- •I. The ec Treaty Provisions
- •I. Compare the English and Russian versions of the Treaty provisions, study the topical vocabulary, assess the adequacy of translation.
- •II. Texts for discussion and translation Read the following text. The problem of priorities
- •Read the following text. Direct Effect of Community Law
- •Relevance of direct effect in ec law
- •Treaty Articles
- •Provisions of ec Law Capable of Judicial Enforcement
- •III. Additional texts for translation
- •Direct effect of ec law
- •The nature of ec law: direct and indirect effect
- •'Indirect effect': development of the principle of interpretation
- •V. General principles of law
- •I. The eu and the ec Treaty Provisions Compare the English and Russian versions of the Treaty provisions, study the topical vocabulary, assess the adequacy of translation.
- •II. Texts for discussion and translation Read the following text. The relevance of general principles of law
- •Fundamental principles
- •Rationale for the introduction of general principles of law
- •Read the following text.
- •In the protection of human rights
- •The eu Charter of Fundamental Rights
- •III. Additional texts for translation
- •Procedural rights
- •Equality
- •VI. Free movement of goods
- •I. The ec Treaty Provisions Compare the English and Russian versions of the Treaty provisions, study the topical vocabulary, assess the adequacy of translation.
- •II. Texts for discussion and translation
- •Introduction to the common market
- •Free movement of goods
- •The Customs Union
- •Cee: the Charge Having Equivalent Effect
- •Article 28: Prohibition on Quantitative Restrictions
- •Article 90: Prohibition on Discriminatory
- •Internal Taxation
- •Indirect Discrimination
- •III. Additional texts for translation Free movement of goods
- •Scope of the prohibition
- •Distinction between customs duties and taxes
- •An effects-based test
- •‘Similar’ products
- •Measures having equivalent effect to quantitative restrictions
- •Types of act caught by Articles 28 and 29
- •Prohibition on quantitative restrictions
- •Prohibition on measures having equivalent effect to quantitative restrictions
- •Definition of meqr
II. Sources of european community law and the law-making process
I. The ec Treaty Provisions
Compare the English and Russian versions of the Lisbon Treaty provisions, study the topical vocabulary, assess the adequacy of translation.
Article 5 The Community shall act within the limits of the powers conferred upon it by this Treaty and of the objectives assigned to it therein. In areas which do not fall within its exclusive competence, the Community shall take action, in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity, only if and insofar as the objectives of the proposed action cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States and can therefore, by reason of the scale or effects of the proposed action, be better achieved by the Community. Any action by the Community shall not go beyond what is necessary to achieve the objectives of this Treaty. |
Статья 5 Сообщество действует в пределах своих полномочий и поставленных перед ним целей, определяемых настоящим Договором. В областях, которые не подпадают под его исключительную компетенцию, Сообщество действует в соответствии с принципом субсидиарности, если и поскольку цели намечаемых действий не могут быть достигнуты в достаточной мере государствами-членами и поэтому, в силу масштабов и результатов предполагаемого действия, могут быть более успешно осуществлены Сообществом. Любые действия Сообщества не должны выходить за пределы необходимого для достижения целей настоящего Договора.
|
Article 249 In order to carry out their task and in accordance with the provisions of this Treaty, the European Parliament acting jointly with the Council, the Council and the Commission shall make regulations and issue directives, take decisions, make recommendations or deliver opinions. A regulation shall have general application. It shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States. A directive shall be binding, as to the result to be achieved, upon each Member State to which it is addressed, but shall leave to the national authorities the choice of form and methods. A decision shall be binding in its entirety upon those to whom it is addressed. Recommendations and opinions shall have no binding force.
|
Статья 249 Для выполнения своих задач и в соответствии с условиями, предусмотренными настоящим Договором, Европейский Парламент, совместно с Советом, Совет и Комиссия принимают регламенты, директивы и решения и дают рекомендации или заключения. Регламент является актом общего характера. Он обязателен во всех своих составных частях и подлежит прямому применению во всех государствах-членах. Директива обязательна для каждого государства-члена, которому она адресована, в том, что касается ожидаемого результата, сохраняя за национальными властями свободу выбора форм и средств. Решение является обязательным во всех своих составных частях для тех, кому оно адресовано. Рекомендации и заключения обязательными не являются. |
Study the Topical Vocabulary and illustrate how these phrases can be used:
|
- определять цели |
|
- принцип субсидиарности |
|
- в силу масштаба |
|
- принимать регламенты |
|
- принимать директивы |
|
- принимать решения |
|
- давать рекомендации |
|
- давать заключения |