- •I. The eu institutions and bodies
- •Introduction.
- •I. The ec1 Treaty Provisions
- •II. Texts for discussion and translation
- •The Union’s Institutions and Bodies
- •III. Additional texts for translation
- •II. Sources of european community law and the law-making process
- •I. The ec Treaty Provisions
- •II. Texts for discussion and translation
- •Sources of European Community Law
- •III. Additional texts for translation:
- •III. The judicial system
- •I. The ec Treaty Provisions
- •II. Texts for discussion and translation
- •Types of action before the European Courts
- •III. Additional texts for translation:
- •Impact of ec law on national remedies
- •IV. Supremacy and direct effect
- •I. The ec Treaty Provisions
- •I. Compare the English and Russian versions of the Treaty provisions, study the topical vocabulary, assess the adequacy of translation.
- •II. Texts for discussion and translation Read the following text. The problem of priorities
- •Read the following text. Direct Effect of Community Law
- •Relevance of direct effect in ec law
- •Treaty Articles
- •Provisions of ec Law Capable of Judicial Enforcement
- •III. Additional texts for translation
- •Direct effect of ec law
- •The nature of ec law: direct and indirect effect
- •'Indirect effect': development of the principle of interpretation
- •V. General principles of law
- •I. The eu and the ec Treaty Provisions Compare the English and Russian versions of the Treaty provisions, study the topical vocabulary, assess the adequacy of translation.
- •II. Texts for discussion and translation Read the following text. The relevance of general principles of law
- •Fundamental principles
- •Rationale for the introduction of general principles of law
- •Read the following text.
- •In the protection of human rights
- •The eu Charter of Fundamental Rights
- •III. Additional texts for translation
- •Procedural rights
- •Equality
- •VI. Free movement of goods
- •I. The ec Treaty Provisions Compare the English and Russian versions of the Treaty provisions, study the topical vocabulary, assess the adequacy of translation.
- •II. Texts for discussion and translation
- •Introduction to the common market
- •Free movement of goods
- •The Customs Union
- •Cee: the Charge Having Equivalent Effect
- •Article 28: Prohibition on Quantitative Restrictions
- •Article 90: Prohibition on Discriminatory
- •Internal Taxation
- •Indirect Discrimination
- •III. Additional texts for translation Free movement of goods
- •Scope of the prohibition
- •Distinction between customs duties and taxes
- •An effects-based test
- •‘Similar’ products
- •Measures having equivalent effect to quantitative restrictions
- •Types of act caught by Articles 28 and 29
- •Prohibition on quantitative restrictions
- •Prohibition on measures having equivalent effect to quantitative restrictions
- •Definition of meqr
Ю.П.КЛОЧКОВ
В.Н. ТРИБУНСКАЯ
УЧЕБНОЕ ПОСОБИЕ ПО ПЕРЕВОДУ
(НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ ТЕКСТОВ
ПО ЕВРОПЕЙСКОМУ ПРАВУ)
ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТОВ МАГИСТРАТУРЫ
(часть I)
УРОВНИ В2 – С1
МГИМО
УНИВЕРСИТЕТ
МОСКОВСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ИНСТИТУТ
МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ (УНИВЕРСИТЕТ)
МИД РОССИИ
_____________________________________________________________________________
Кафедра английского языка №1
Настоящее учебное пособие предназначено для студентов магистратуры по европейскому праву. Его основная цель – заложить у студентов основы переводческой компетентности, необходимые для работы с материалами соответствующей специальности.
Актуальной является и возможность не только правильно понять использованные термины и другие лексические единицы, но и уметь найти им правильные соответствия в русском языке.
Основной упор при составлении пособия был сделан на подборе текстов, необходимых для обсуждения основных тем европейского права и выделение значимого тематического словаря. Тексты Договоров имеют специфику стиля, характерного для документов в целом, а именно – достаточно простые грамматические конструкции, использование архаичных форм, латинских заимствований. Подобные грамматические конструкции присущи и текстам англоязычных учебных материалов по специальности, предлагаемым для дополнительного обсуждения и перевода.
Именно поэтому внимание уделяется в первую очередь не столько переводческой технике как таковой, а анализу и накоплению словарного состава, необходимого для профессиональной работы с документами и текстами юридического содержания.
Методические рекомендации по работе с учебным пособием по переводу (на материале текстов по европейскому праву)
Настоящее учебное пособие предназначено для лиц, прошедших базовый курс обучения английскому языку, усвоивших знания и выработавших навыки, соответствующие оперативному уровню владения языковыми компетенциями (уровни В2 – С1).
Цель пособия - способствовать выработке у студентов компетенций, необходимых для работы с текстами профессиональной направленности. Для развития этих компетенций необходимо уметь:
правильно понять содержание всего текста, его основных частей и отдельных предложений,
обсудить текст на английском языке, выявить затрагиваемые проблемы, сделать необходимые выводы и обобщения,
изложить содержание текста на английском и русском языках, используя умение свертывать информацию в зависимости от поставленного задания,
перевести текст и его отдельные части на русский язык, используя переводческие приемы, с которыми студенты ознакомились в ходе обучения переводу на предыдущих этапах (лексические и грамматические трансформации, место новой информации в русском и английском предложении, перевод интернациональной лексики и многозначных слов и т.д.).
Построение учебных материалов обусловлено поставленными задачами. Предлагаемые в учебнике шесть разделов (Units) посвящены основополагающим темам европейского права. Их выбор соответствует традиционной структуре курсов по европейскому праву.
Часть I каждой темы содержит положения Договоров на английском и русском языках, что позволяет студентам познакомиться со специальной терминологией и подготовиться к работе над аутентичными текстами, предлагаемыми во II и III частях каждой темы. Тексты части II могут быть использованы для обсуждения и перевода, выработки навыка реферирования, как база для последующих сообщений по данной тематике, а также для подготовленного письменного перевода и неподготовленного устного перевода (перевод с листа).
Материалы третьей части каждого раздела являются дополнительными и имеют целью дальнейшее расширение фоновых знаний и совершенствование владения языком специальности. Эти тексты могут быть использованы для обсуждения и письменного перевода.
Каждая тема пособия рассчитана, в среднем, на два аудиторных занятия (4 академических часа). Объем использования предлагаемых материалов может варьироваться в зависимости от степени общей языковой и специальной подготовленности слушателей/студентов.
Contents
I. The EU Institutions and Bodies |
|
Introduction |
7 |
I. The EC Treaty Provisions |
10 |
II. Texts for discussion and translation |
13 |
III. Additional texts for translation |
18 |
|
|
II. Sources of European Community Law and the Law-Making Process |
|
I. The EC Treaty Provisions |
21 |
II. Texts for discussion and translation |
23 |
III. Additional texts for translation |
30 |
|
|
III. The Judicial System |
|
I. The EC Treaty Provisions. |
37 |
II. Texts for discussion and translation |
42 |
III. Additional texts for translation |
49 |
|
|
IV. Supremacy and Direct Effect of European Law |
|
I. The EC Treaty Provisions |
55 |
II. Texts for discussion and translation |
57 |
III. Additional texts for translation |
68 |
|
|
V. General Principles of Law |
|
I. The EU Treaty and the EC Treaty Provisions |
74 |
II. Texts for discussion and translation |
76 |
III. Additional texts for translation |
85 |
|
|
VI. Free Movement of Goods |
|
I. The EC Treaty Provisions |
93 |
II. Texts for discussion and translation |
98 |
III. Additional texts for translation |
108 |
I. The eu institutions and bodies
Introduction.
Pre-reading questions
What do you know about the European Union?
How was it established, when and why?
How many states did it comprise originally and after several enlargement waves?
Read the text, get ready to discuss it,
select the topical vocabulary.
Towards a European Union
Many different people have broached the idea of a European union at many different times, in many different forms.
As early as 1846 the novelist Victor Hugo was urging the governments of the main European powers to "form a fraternity of Europe.”
It is only since 1945, however, that the concept of European union has gained practical expression. The need to rebuild after the disaster of World War II and to ensure that such a conflict never occurs again has provided the impetus for a far closer degree of pan-European cooperation than had ever been known before.
The basis of this cooperation lies in the Treaty of Paris of 1951.
Signed by West Germany, France, Luxembourg, Belgium, Holland and Italy — "The Six" — the treaty created the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), an organisation in which the coal and steel resources of member states were pooled and placed under the control of a single supranational authority.
"Coal and steel were the two industries fundamental to the waging of war…The basic principle of the treaty, and hence the European Community as a whole, was to make war between the major states of Europe impossibility."
Six years later, on 25 March 1957, "The Six" signed two further treaties in Rome, one creating the European Economic Community (EEC) — generally referred to as the Common Market — and the other the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC).
It was out of these three communities, whose executive branches were subsequently merged, that what is now known as the European Union developed.
"The Six" have later been joined by nine other European nations - Denmark, Britain, Ireland, Greece, Spain, Portugal, Austria, Finland and Sweden — bringing the number of members of the European club to 15.
Gradually these states have inched closer together, signing a succession of further treaties - the Schengen Agreement (1985), the Single European Act (1986), the Maastricht Treaty (1992), the Treaty of Amsterdam (1997), the Treaty of Nice - that bound them into an ever-tightening ring of mutual economic and political cooperation.
In December 2002 at the Copenhagen European summit it was agreed that ten more members would be admitted to the Union. The EU enlargement to 25 countries took place on 1 May 2004 with the accession of Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Malta and Cyprus. The EU's population grew 20 percent to 450 million people. Bulgaria and Romania joined the EU on 1 January 2007, bringing the number of EU countries to 27.
To meet the challenges of the arrival of new members from central and Eastern Europe, the European Council set up a Convention in December 2001 to prepare a draft constitutional treaty. The convention completed its work in June 2003. The treaty was signed by EU leaders in Rome in October 2004 and sent to all member states for ratification. Although ratified by the majority of EU countries, the draft constitutional treaty was rejected by French and Dutch voters in May and June 2005. As a result, the reform process was suspended for 18 months, until a reform treaty was negotiated during 2007 and signed by EU heads of state and government in Lisbon in December 2007. The Lisbon Treaty is currently being ratified by member states, with Ireland having already failed to support it. The aim is to have it in force before the next elections for the European Parliament in June 2009. Its main provisions are as follows:
Giving the European Parliament greater legislative and budgetary powers.
Granting national parliaments a role in ensuring that the EU complies with the principle of subsidiarity.
Increasing the number of areas covered by qualified majority voting in the Council.
A clearer presentation of the breakdown of powers and responsibilities between the Union and its member countries.
A legally binding Charter of Fundamental Rights guaranteeing the freedoms and rights of European citizens.
Election of a president of the European Council for a term of two and a half years, renewable once.
A new post of High Representative for the Union in Foreign Affairs and Security Policy to increase the impact, coherence and visibility of the EU's external action.
Ex. 1. Answer the following questions:
It was only in 1945 that Europeans came up with the idea of establishing a European community? True or false?
What was the motive for creating this entity?
What was the subject matter of the Treaty of Paris?
What were the reasons for initially focusing on only coal and steel in the first Treaty?
What other agreements were signed in 1957? What were the names of the other two communities? Were they run by one authority?
Why did it become necessary to elaborate a constitution for the EU? Was this endeavour successful?
What are the main provisions of the Lisbon Treaty?
Ex. 2. Prepare to make 5-minute presentations /Power-point presentations on:
The Single European Act its subject matter, composition, etc.
The Maastricht Treaty
The Treaty of Amsterdam
The Treaty of Nice
