Билет для экзамена № 30

1. Correctional supervision.

2. Read, translate and be ready to answer the questions.

Since the abolition of the death penalty in 1965, imprisonment is the most severe penalty available to the courts in England and Wales.

Maximum prison sentences are laid down by Acts of Parliament, but within those limits courts have discretion about the length of sentences, although magistrates’ courts cannot send anyone to prison for more than six months for one offence or a total of twelve months for more than one offence. Ninety per cent of prison sentences are given by Crown Courts.

Men’s prisons are categorized according to their functions and levels of security. There are 35 local prisons (which house prisoners immediately after they have been sentenced), 52 closed training prisons (housing high- and medium-security-risk prisoners), 19 open training prisons(housing low-security-risk prisoners), 17 remand centres (for prisoners awaiting trial or sentence) and 22 young offender institutions (for prisoners aged 15-21 years). Some prisons serve more than one function. There are 12 female prisons, some of which also incorporateremand centres and young offender institutions, categorized only as either as closed or open. The average prison population was about 46,000 in 1991- 1992. Of these prisoners, just under 1,600 are women. Sixteen per cent of the male prison population and 26 per cent of thefemale prison population are known to be from ethnic-minority communities. Twenty-two per cent of the total prison population is untried or unsentenced (that is, on remand). The prison population in England and Wales is one of the highest in Western Europe in relation to the general population.

Зав. кафедрой кандидат исторических наук, доцент

Сексте Я.А.

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