Прийменники в англійській мові

Прийменник – службова частина мови в англійській мові, що відображає просторові, тимчасові, причинні або інші види відносин між двома значущими словами. Іншими словами – відношення іменника до інших слів у реченні.

Прийменники напрямку	Прийменники місця розташування	Прийменники часу	Причинні прийменники
to the left – наліво to the right – направо up – вгору down – вниз off – з onto – на towards – у напрямку до away, from – від through – через, крізь out of – з into – в along – уздовж past – мимо across – через	above – над over – над between – між near, at, by, beside – близько, біля, у behind – за, позаду under – під below – під outside – зовні in front of – перед	at – в годинах in – в місяцях, роках on – в днях from – c, від to – до якогось моменту since – від якогось моменту till – до before – перед, до after – після about – близько, приблизно for – протягом періоду часу during – протягом +іменник by – до якогось моменту	because of – тому що in accordance with – згідно, відповідно до on account of – внаслідок, через thanks to – завдяки

AT		IN		ON
the time	at 4 o`clock	Months	in april, in June, etc.	Days	on Friday, on New Year`s Day
Holidays	at Christmas at Easter at the weekend	Seasons	in (the) winter/spring, etc.	Dates	on July 4th
in the expressions	at the moment at present at dawn at noon at night at midnight	Years	in 1998, in 2010, etc.	specific part of a day	on Monday evening
		Centuries	in the 20th century	adjective + day	on a cold day
		in the expressions	in an hour in a minute in a week/few days/month/year

Exercise 10. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition, then answer the questions:

1. What time do you get up _____ the morning?

2. What do you like doing _____ the weekend?

3. Where do you usually go _____ Easter?

4. What do you usually do _____ Friday evenings?

5. What do you wear _____ a cold winter day?

6. What are you doing _____ the moment?

7. What time do you go to bed _____ night?

8. Did you go on holiday _____ July?

9. Do you eat lunch _____ noon?

10. What do you usually do _____ Christmas Day?

Exercise 11. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition:

1. She will be back _____ August.

2. I will return your book _____ a day.

3. I see a wonderful landscape _____ the picture.

4. He lives _____ the ground floor.

5. We will be there _____ Monday.

6. He is speaking _____ the phone.

7. I like to see a smile _____ your face.

8. _____ thirty days you’ll be notified _____ the issue.

9. We met Alice _____ school.

10. They arrived _____ 6 o’clock.

11. I have to be there _____ 8 pm.

12. I am standing _____ the river.

Exercise 12. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition:

1. Jerry was caught _____ Tom.

2. The story is written _____ a young talented writer.

3. She was absent _____ a long period of time.

4. This gift is _____ you.

5. He has lived in London _____ 2000.

6. _____ my trip I have met many interesting people.

7. _____ last week I was working as a driver.

8. To get there we have to climb _____ the mountains.

9. I am going to drive _____ dark.

10. He visited us _____ time _____ time.

11. He returned _____ the village.

12. Would you like to go _____ the theatre?

Exercise 13. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition:

1. Approach _____ the exit.

2. There is a small round table _____ the armchair.

3. I will be waiting _____ your house.

4. _____ heaven and earth.

5. She was running _____ the street when I saw her.

6. She was walking _____ the garden and thought about her husband.

7. To get there, you need to go _____ the building.

8. The light shines _____ the window.

9. Never spit _____ the wind.

10. _____ a dark background.

11. _____ contract.

12. _____ guests were two actors.

13. He was gossiping about me behind my back.

IV. Pre-text discussion.

Activity 1. Do you know that:

• As a young man, Henry Ford used to repair watches for his friends and family using tools he made himself. He used a corset stay as tweezers and a filed shingle nail as a screwdriver.

• In the year 1916, 55 per cent of the cars in the world were Model T Ford, which is still an unbroken record.

• British luxury car marque Aston Martin's name came from one of the founders Lionel Martin who used to race at Aston Hill near Aston Clinton. The company was owned by Ford Motor Company from 1994 till 2007. However, Ford still owns stakes in the company.

Activity 2. Make up dialogues of your own discussing the information given in the part «Do you know that».

Activity 3. Give your opinion on the following:

1. Electric engines are as popular as heat engines.

2. Alternate fuels are used in very limited situations.

3. The number of cylinders influences smoothness of the car movement and power output.

4. Liquid-cooled engines are more popular and more efficient than air-cooled engines.