Вариант 4

Задание № 1. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе б) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.

1. He cut his finger while he was repairing his car.

2. By that time he had already changed our plans.

3. The automobile had become a decisive factor in the development of many countries.

4. We are carrying out new research.

Задание № 2. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните

Participle I и Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The electric automobile energized by rechargeable batteries has a great future.

2. The first practical internal combustion engine was built by Etienne Lenoir, a Belgian living in France.

3. He was just trying to watch the work.

4. Comparing these two automobiles we may see that they are very different in design.

Задание № 3. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или модальную фразу. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The role and importance of an automobile arise from the fact that it can move along roads unprovoked with rails.

2. I’ll come to the university at eight o’clock tomorrow.

3. My friend gave me an interesting book to read. She said “You may keep it for seven days”.

4. The team of experts is to study the present situation in automobile production.

Задание № 4. Прочитайте и письменно переведите на русский язык следующий текст:

First automobiles

The first production of automobiles was started by Karl Benz in 1888 in Germany and, under licence from Benz, in France by Emile Roger. There were numerous others, including tricycle builders Rudolf Egg, Edward Butler, and Léon Bollée. By 1900, mass production of automobiles had begun in France and the United States. The first company formed exclusively to build automobiles was Panhard et Levassor in France, which also introduced the first four-cylinder engine.

Formed in 1889, Panhard was quickly followed by Peugeot two years later. By the start of the 20th century, the automobile industry was beginning to take off in western Europe, especially in France, they produced 30,204 in 1903, representing 48.8% of world automobile production that year. In the United States, brothers Charles and Frank Duryea founded the Duryea Motor Wagon Company in 1893, becoming the first American automobile manufacturing company.

Within a few years, a dizzying assortment of technologies were being produced by hundreds of producers all over the western world. By 1900, it was possible to talk about a national automotive industry in many countries, including Belgium, Switzerland, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Italy, Australia.

Innovation was rapid, with no clear standards for basic vehicle architectures, body styles, construction materials, or controls. On 5 November 1895, George B. Selden was granted a United States patent for a two-stroke automobile engine (U.S. Patent 549,160). This patent did more to hinder than encourage development of autos in the USA.

Задание 5. Прочитайте последний абзац текста и вопрос к нему. Их приведенных вариантов укажите номер предложения, содержащего правильный ответ на поставленный вопрос.

Why was George B. Selden granted a United States patent?

1. for four-stroke automobile engine

2. for two-stroke automobile engine

Вариант 5