- •Basic sound table
- •Bisyllabic clusters
- •The use of accented vowels in common spelling
- •Types of accent used in italian spelling
- •Instead, not all fonts have capital (uppercase) accented letters; Times New Roman and Arial fonts, among the most commonly used, have the following codes: try them out.
- •Very few words have this ending, but the rule is the same as for similar cases discussed above: vowel I is kept in both masculine and feminine plurals.
- •Indefinite articles
- •Indefinite articles used as pronouns
- •Combining articles with noun-adjective and adjective-noun
- •Fractions
- •Indicativo (indicative)
- •Presente
- •Imperfetto
- •Passato remoto
- •Presente
- •Imperfetto
- •Passato remoto
- •Presente
- •Imperfetto
- •Passato remoto
- •Presente
- •Imperfetto
- •Passato remoto
- •Vedere (to see)
- •Presente
- •Imperfetto
- •Passato remoto
- •If you are in doubt, use the unbound form which is correct in both cases:
- •If you are in doubt, use the unbound form which is correct in both cases:
- •Possessive adjectives and pronouns used as subjects
- •Possessive adjectives and pronouns used as objects or copulas
- •Interrogative form
- •Negative form
- •Questo (this) - quello (that)
- •Passato prossimo
- •Trapassato prossimo
- •Trapassato remoto
- •Important note
- •Futuro anteriore
- •Note accented vowels are used to mark the accent (stress) in verbs of the 2nd conjugation, but remember that they are not used in common spelling
- •Passato prossimo
- •Trapassato prossimo
- •In this case, the English past perfect corresponds more or less precisely to the Italian tense:
- •Trapassato remoto
- •Futuro anteriore
- •Passato prossimo
- •Trapassato prossimo
- •In this case the English compound tense corresponds more or less precisely to the Italian tense:
- •Trapassato remoto
- •Futuro anteriore
- •Passato prossimo
- •Trapassato prossimo
- •Trapassato remoto
- •Futuro anteriore
- •The days of the week
- •Seasons
- •Italian also has adjectives referring to each season:
- •Centuries
- •Fractions of the hour
- •Mezzogiorno, la mezza, mezzanotte
- •Adverbs prima, dopo, durante
- •Gender and number of past participle
- •Auxiliary verbs used in reflexive forms
- •Congiuntivo presente (present subjunctive)
- •Congiuntivo imperfetto (past subjunctive)
- •Congiuntivo imperfetto (past subjunctive)
- •Congiuntivo imperfetto (past subjunctive)
- •Congiuntivo passato (perfect subjunctive)
- •Congiuntivo trapassato (pluperfect subjunctive)
- •Condizionale presente
- •2Nd conjugation - perdere (to lose)
- •3Rd conjugation - capire (to understand)
- •Condizionale passato
- •1St conjugation - domandare (to ask - transitive)
- •2Nd conjugation - perdere (to lose - transitive)
- •3Rd conjugation - capire (to understand - transitive)
- •1St conjugation - stare (to stay, to remain - intransitive)
- •2Nd conjugation - cadere (to fall - intransitive)
- •3Rd conjugation - uscire (to go out, to come out - intransitive)
- •Imperativo essere
- •1St conjugation - pensare (to think)
- •2Nd conjugation - prendere (to take)
- •3Rd conjugation - sentire (to feel)
- •1St conjugation - mangiarsi (to eat, to eat up, to have food)
- •2Nd conjugation - prendersi (to take, to choose, to have as a choice)
- •3Rd conjugation - vestirsi (to get dressed, to dress up as a choice)
- •2Nd conjugation - prendermi (to catch me, or to take for me, to fetch me)
- •219 Мультиязыковой проект Ильи Франка www.Franklang.Ru
2Nd conjugation - perdere (to lose)
|
|
singular |
|
|
plural |
|
1st person |
|
perderei |
I would lose |
|
perderemmo |
we would lose |
2nd person |
|
perderesti |
you would lose (singular) |
|
perdereste |
you would lose (plural) |
3rd person |
|
perderebbe |
he/it (she) would lose |
|
perderebbero |
they would lose |
3Rd conjugation - capire (to understand)
|
|
singular |
|
|
plural |
|
1st person |
|
capirei |
I would understand |
|
capiremmo |
we would understand |
2nd person |
|
capiresti |
you would understand (singular) |
|
capireste |
you would understand (plural) |
3rd person |
|
capirebbe |
he/she would understand |
|
capirebbero |
they would understand |
In all inflections the stress is carried by the ...re... syllable. The past conditional tense will be illustrated with transitive verbs at first, and then with intransitive ones, to remark the difference of auxiliaries, and the consequence this brings on number- and gender-sensitivity.
Condizionale passato
1St conjugation - domandare (to ask - transitive)
|
|
singular |
|
|
plural |
|
1st person |
|
avrei domandato |
I would have asked |
|
avremmo domandato |
we would have asked |
2nd person |
|
avresti domandato |
you would have asked (s.) |
|
avreste domandato |
you would have asked (pl.) |
3rd person |
|
avrebbe domandato |
he/it (she) would have asked |
|
avrebbero domandato |
they would have asked |
2Nd conjugation - perdere (to lose - transitive)
|
|
singular |
|
|
plural |
|
1st person |
|
avrei perso |
I would have lost |
|
avremmo perso |
we would have lost |
2nd person |
|
avresti perso |
you would have lost (s.) |
|
avreste perso |
you would have lost (pl.) |
3rd person |
|
avrebbe perso |
he/it (she) would have lost |
|
avrebbero perso |
they would have lost |
NOTE: the past participle of verb perdere may be either perso or perduto: any of the two may be used.