11.Read the text and try to understand its main contents: smoking kilns

Fish may be hot-smoked either in batch kilns or continuous ones. The former are of two types: chamber kilns in which the fish are loaded and unloaded at one end, and tunnel kilns in which the fish are loaded and unloaded at opposite ends.

Chamber kilns. The smaller types of chamber kiln are cabinets with an area of 1.8 m x 1.3 m, and a height of 2.2 m; fish are loaded on racks. Kilns of this type are widely used in canneries in the Baltic region.

Tunnel kilns are widely used in the Baltic region too. The tunnels are about 3m long and 1.0 to 1.3 m wide. Fish are loaded in cages. The fires are burnt either directly inside the kiln on movable trolleys or outside the tunnel.

Mechanical kilns are continuous ones. This kiln has an area of 11.65 m x 1.22 m and height of 2.78 m. the chamber has a metal frame structure and brick walls, and holds 14 fish cages.

Notes on the text:

chamber камеры cannery консервный завод

cabinet шкаф cage клеть

rack рамка frame structure каркас

1. What types of kilns are used for hot-smoking?

2. What types of chamber kilns do you know?

3. How are fish loaded and unloaded in chamber and tunnel kilns?

4. What region are these kilns used in?

5. What are mechanical kilns characterized by?

12.Choose the statements corresponding to the text contents:

1. Fish may be hot-smoked:

a) in batch kilns; b) in continuous kilns; c) in some types of kilns

2. In chamber kilns fish are loaded:

a) on trays; b) in cages; c) on racks

3. The chamber has:

a) wood structure; b) metal structure; c) plastic structure

13. A) Form the Participle from given words with negative prefix and translate into Russian:

smoke, treat, sterilize, spoil, fillet, heat, distribute, develop, handle, steam, dry, freeze, protect.

b) Form derivatives with prefix –re and translate into Russian:

treatment, infection, production, equipped, handling, distribution, freezing, heated, circulate, form, placing, absorption

c) Form derivatives with prefix –er; or, translate into Russian:

sterilize, produce, evaporate, process, dry, distribute, spit, can, fillet, cook, heat, investigate, handle, thaw, separate, skin, convey, consume, accelerate, gut, scale

14. Compare and translate adjective and Participle II

unrecognizable - неузнаваемый (то, что нельзя узнать)

unrecognized - неузнанный

unreadable - unread

untranslatable - untranslated

undeterminable - undetermined

unchangeable - unchanged

unadaptable - unadapted

undistributable - undistributed

unwashable - unwashed

unnoticeable - unnoticed

15. A) State of what part of speech are the following derivatives and translate them:

spoil, spoiled, unspoiled, spoilage, spoiling;

act, active, actively, activity;

tough, toughen, toughened, toughening;

can, canned, canning, canner, cannery;

depend, dependent, independence;

product, productive, productivity, production, produce, reproducible, produced;

skin, skinned, skinless, skinning, skinner;

freeze, frozen, freezing, freezer;

cook, uncooked, cooking, cooker;

b) Words from different stems:

moisture, processor, density, perishable, splitting, weight, particularly, excessive, predrying, loss, requirement, beheading, protection, exposure, improvement, humidity, heater, damage, thickness, boneless, immersion, distasteful, rancidity, consumer, soften, width, important, principal, difference, handling, cooler, growth, dehydration.